Maven的继承以及import作用域

今天药忘吃喽~ 2022-10-02 05:55 143阅读 0赞

Maven的pom文件中可继承的元素包括：

groupId：项目ID，项目坐标核心元素

version：项目版本

description：描述信息

organization：组织信息

inceptionYear：创始年份

url：项目URL地址

developers：开发者信息

distributionManagement：项目部署配置

issueManagement：项目缺陷跟踪系统信息

ciManagement：项目持续集成系统信息

scm：项目版本控制系统信息

mailingLists：邮件列表

properties：自定义属性

dependencies：依赖配置

dependencyManagement：依赖配置管理

repositories：仓库配置

build：构建信息，包括源码目录，输出目录，插件配置，插件管理配置

reporting：项目的报告输出目录配置，报告插件配置。

大部分配置都是说明性质的信息配置，这里主要介绍依赖配置，依赖管理配置，插件配置，插件管理配置。示例如下：

父项目配置文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-study-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0</version>
        <packaging>pom</packaging>    
    
        <name>maven-study-parent</name>
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        </properties>
    
        
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
                <version>3.4.1</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        
        
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                    <version>5.1.40</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
                    <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
                    <version>42.0.0</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
                    <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
                    <version>2.9.0</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>junit</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                    <version>4.10</version>
                    <scope>test</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
        <build>
            
            <pluginManagement>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                        <version>2.1</version>
                        <configuration>
                            <source>1.7</source>
                            <target>1.7</target>
                        </configuration>
                    </plugin>
                </plugins>
            </pluginManagement>
        </build>
    </project>

子项目配置：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        
        <parent>
            <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-study-parent</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.0</version>
            
            <relativePath>../maven-study-parent/pom.xml</relativePath>
        </parent>
    
        
        <groupId>com.cbm.stud</groupId>
        
        <artifactId>maven-study-account</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.2</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>maven-study-account</name>
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        </properties>
    
        
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>

使用import属性实现依赖的多继承：

父项目a：

父项目b：

继承 a 和 b 的子项目：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-study-mail</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>maven-study-mail</name>
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-parent-a</artifactId>
                    <version>1.0.0</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.cbm.stu</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-parent-b</artifactId>
                    <version>1.0.0</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        <dependencies>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.1</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <source>1.7</source>
                        <target>1.7</target>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>