linux命令实践

不念不忘少年蓝@ 2022-10-02 02:57 131阅读 0赞

7.pwd 显示当前所在目录  
8.cd 切换目录/进入目录中  
cd ~ ===== cd 进入当前用户家目录  
cd .. 进入当前目录的上一级目录  
cd . 进入当前目录  
cd - 回到上一次目录  
9.mkdir 创建目录，默认创建一层目录  
make directory  
\-p 递归创建目录

[root@oldboyedu-59 network-scripts]# mkdir /oldboy
    [root@oldboyedu-59 network-scripts]# ls /oldboy/
    [root@oldboyedu-59 network-scripts]# ls -l /oldboy/
    total 0

[root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# mkdir /data/ole/li
    mkdir: cannot create directory ‘/data/ole/li’: No such file or directory
    [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# mkdir -p /data/ole/li

10.ls 显示目录内容  
list  
参数 -l 显示详细信息，可以同时查看多个文件内容，输入具体路径

[root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls
    1.txt  1.txt.bak  kobe  kobe.bak
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls -l kobe
    total 0
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls -l 1.txt
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 28 17:18 1.txt

11.touch 创建文件和更改时间戳，可以递归创建文件，但是前面目录不存在会报错，需要前面的目录已经存在

[root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# touch 1 2
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# touch 1/2/3
    touch: cannot touch ‘1/2/3’: Not a directory

[root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# mkdir kobe
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# touch kobe/24
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls
    1  2  kobe  mary
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# cd kobe/
    [root@oldboyedu-59 kobe]# ls
    24

touch 更改时间戳

[root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls -l
    total 0
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 28 17:17 1.txt
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# touch 1.txt
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls -l
    total 0
    -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 28 17:18 1.txt

12.echo 输出信息到屏幕，一般配合touch和mkdir创建文件或者目录使用

[root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# echo {1..10}
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# echo {a..z}
    a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

[root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# echo oldboy{0..10}
    oldboy0 oldboy1 oldboy2 oldboy3 oldboy4 oldboy5 oldboy6 oldboy7 oldboy8 oldboy9 oldboy10
    [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# echo oldboy{01..10}.txt
    oldboy01.txt oldboy02.txt oldboy03.txt oldboy04.txt oldboy05.txt oldboy06.txt oldboy07.txt oldboy08.txt oldboy09.txt oldboy10.txt

[root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# echo kobe {13..15}
    kobe 13 14 15

[root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# touch {11..20}.txt
    [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# ls
    11.txt  14.txt  17.txt  20.txt           hh
    12.txt  15.txt  18.txt  aa               uu
    13.txt  16.txt  19.txt  anaconda-ks.cfg
    [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# mkdir {01..10}
    [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# ls
    01  05  09      13.txt  17.txt  aa
    02  06  10      14.txt  18.txt  anaconda-ks.cfg
    03  07  11.txt  15.txt  19.txt  hh
    04  08  12.txt  16.txt  20.txt  uu

1.  cp 复制文件或者目录，默认无法复制目录  
    \-r 递归复制，复制目录和目录的内容
    
        [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# cp kobe  /root
        cp: omitting directory ‘kobe’-----忽略
        [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# cp -r kobe /root
        [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# cd /root
        [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# ls
        01  05  09      12      14      16      18      20               c     hh
        02  06  10      12.txt  14.txt  16.txt  18.txt  20.txt           d     kobe
    
    cp的备份功能（文件和目录都可以）
    
        [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# cp /oldboy/oldboy.txt /oldboy/oldboy.txt.bak
        [root@oldboyedu-59 ~]# cd /oldboy
        [root@oldboyedu-59 oldboy]# ls 
        alex  oldboy.txt  oldboy.txt.bak

[root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls
    1.txt  kobe
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# cp kobe kobe.bak
    cp: omitting directory ‘kobe’
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# cp 1.txt 1.txt.bak
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls
    1.txt  1.txt.bak  kobe
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# cp -r  kobe kobe.bak
    [root@oldboyedu-59 tmp]# ls
    1.txt  1.txt.bak  kobe  kobe.bak

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/xiyuxingxia/2370938