mysql集群技术

￡神魔★判官ぃ 2022-09-28 11:55 25阅读 0赞

1、环境描述

Mysql manager 节点：192.168.0.1  
MysqlServer节点：192.168.0.100  
Mysql 节点：192.168.0.160  
Mysql 节点：192.168.0.161

说明：至少需要四台服务器才可以做mysql的集群。建议5台，再增加一台MysqlServer。  
2安装mysql二进制包  
2.1 安装之前的准备工作  
下载mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz包   
（注意：可以做集群的mysql都是mysql-max的,下载地点www.mysql.org）

\#groupadd mysql  
\#useradd -g mysql mysql  
\#cd /usr/local  
\#tar xfz mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686.tar.gz  
\#ln -s /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686 /opt/mysql4.1.13

2.2 分别在manager，server，node节点上安装二进制的mysql包

\#cd mysql4.1.13  
\#scripts/mysql\_install\_db --user=mysql (必须带目录执行，否则出错)  
\#chown -R root /opt/mysql4.1.13  
\#chgrp -R mysql /opt/mysql4.1.13  
\#chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql4.1.13/data  
\#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/ 配置mysql启动设置  
\#chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server  
\#chkconfig --add mysql.server

3配置server，note节点  
在192.168.0.160和192.168.0.161机器上  
\# ./mysql –help 该命令可以查看mysql启动时是怎么寻找my.cnf文件的顺序。  
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:  
/etc/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.13/data/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf  
\# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf data/my.cnf 将mysql的配置文件考到data下  
Vi /usr/local/mysql-max-4.1.13-pc-linux-gnu-i686/data/my.cnf

\[MYSQLD\]  
ndbcluster  
ndb-connectstring=192.168.0.1  
\[MYSQL\_CLUSTER\]  
ndb-connectstring=192.168.0.1

4配置Management管理节点  
在192.168.0.1机器上  
\#mkdir /var/lib/mysql-cluster  
\#cd /var/lib/mysql-cluster  
\#vi config.ini  
\[NDBD DEFAULT\] \# Options affecting ndbd processes on all data nodes:  
NoOfReplicas=2 \# Number of replicas  
DataMemory=80M \# How much memory to allocate for data storage  
IndexMemory=52M \# How much memory to allocate for index storage  
\# For DataMemory and IndexMemory, we have used the  
\# default values. Since the "world" database takes up  
\# only about 500KB, this should be more than enough for  
\# this example Cluster setup.  
\[TCP DEFAULT\] \# TCP/IP options:  
portnumber=2202 \# This the default; however, you can use any  
\# port that is free for all the hosts in cluster  
\# Note: It is recommended beginning with MySQL 5.0 that  
\# you do not specify the portnumber at all and simply allow  
\# the default value to be used instead  
\# Management process options（定义管理节点.）  
\[NDB\_MGMD\]  
hostname=192.168.0.1 \# 管理节点Hostname or IP address of MGM node  
datadir=/var/lib/mysql-cluster \# Directory for MGM node logfiles  
\# Options for data node "A"（定义群集数据节点.）  
\# (one \[NDBD\] section per data node)  
\[NDBD\]  
hostname=192.168.0.160 \# 节点Hostname or IP address  
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \# Directory for this data node's datafiles  
\# Options for data node "B"（定义群集数据节点.）  
\[NDBD\]  
hostname=192.168.0.161 \# 节点Hostname or IP address  
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \# Directory for this data node's datafiles  
\# SQL node options（定义Sql server节点.）  
\[MYSQLD\]  
hostname=192.168.0.100 \# SQL节点Hostname or IP address  
\#datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data \# Directory for SQL node's datafiles  
\# (additional mysqld connections can be  
\# specified for this node for various  
\# purposes such as running ndb\_restore)  
  
\[NDB\_MGMD\]:后面不能有任何注释信息，否则提示：  
Error line 17: \[TCP\] Unknown parameter: \[NDB\_MGMD\] \# Management process options  
Error line 17: Could not parse name-value pair in config file.  
\[SHM\]: Defines shared-memory connections between nodes. 在MySQL 4.1.9之前，这个功能必须使用--with-ndb-shm option编译进去, 从MySQL 4.1.9-max版本开始, it is enabled by default  
  
5启动mysql集群  
5.1 初始化启动mysql集群服务  
1）启动MysqlManagement管理节点（192.168.0.1）  
\#ndb\_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini  
2）启动Data Node节点(192.168.0.160,192.168.0.161)  
\#ndbd --initial  
(注意：这个参数只能在第一次启动DataNode节点时使用，因为—initial参数会删除一些ndbd 实例先前创建的所有文件)  
  
3）启动MysqlServer节点(192.168.0.100)  
\# ./mysql.server start  
5.2 重启mysql集群服务  
1）启动MysqlManagement管理节点（192.168.0.1）  
\#ndb\_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini  
2）启动Data Node节点(192.168.0.160,192.168.0.161)  
\#ndbd  
3）启动MysqlServer节点(192.168.0.100)  
\# ./mysql.server start  
(注意：Management管理节点和DataNote节点都不开启mysql服务，只有MysqlServer节点开启。The default port for Cluster management nodes is 1186; the default port for data nodes is 2202.)  
  
6测试集群的效果  
6.1 在管理机上查看各节点运行状况  
\[root@Proxy bin\]\# ./ndb\_mgm  
\-- NDB Cluster -- Management Client --  
ndb\_mgm> show  
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186  
Cluster Configuration  
\[ndbd(NDB)\] 2 node(s)  
id=2 @192.168.0.160 (Version: 4.1.13, Nodegroup: 0, Master)  
id=3 @192.168.0.161 (Version: 4.1.12, Nodegroup: 0)  
\[ndb\_mgmd(MGM)\] 1 node(s)  
id=1 @192.168.0.1 (Version: 4.1.13)  
\[mysqld(API)\] 1 node(s)  
id=4 @192.168.0.100 (Version: 4.1.12)  
6.2 模拟写入一个数据库表，各MysqlServer节点是否能够同步  
1） 在一个MysqlServer节点上创建数据库world和表，然后看看另一个MysqlServer节点是否也同样可以看到。  
答：数据都相同  
2） 拔掉一个DataNote节点网线，看看两台MysqlServer节点是否还能正常工作。  
答：可以  
3） 拔掉两台DataNote节点网线，查看一下MysqlServer节点是否还能正常工作。  
答：所有MysqlServer都不能正常工作

From:http://blog.liuts.com/post/12/