C++课设

谁践踏了优雅 2022-09-26 01:53 190阅读 0赞

# 高校人员信息管理系统 #

## 问题描述 ##

根据高校人员的特点，先设计一个高校人员抽象类，应包含编号、姓名、年龄、性别、系部、联系方式等数据成员，以及显示、统计等成员函数。然后分别设计教师类、学生类和机关人员类，它们的基类均为高校人员抽象类。

## 功能要求 ##

创建人员对象，通过链表或对象数组的形式组织全体高校人员（可以定义一个管理类，该类具有新增、修改、删除、查询、统计及保存文件功能）。利用多态理论统一处理高校人员的信息。

#include<iostream>
    #include<string.h>
    #include<fstream>
    #include <stdlib.h> 
    using namespace std;
    void menu();  //函数声明
    void tongji();
    //全局变量
    int zrs=0; //总人数
    int lsrs=0; //老师人数 
    int xsrs=0; //学生人数
    int zgrs=0; //职工人数
    class People  //高校人员抽象类
    { 
    protected:
     int Daihao;  //代号
     char Id[20];  //编号
     char Name[40]; //姓名
     int Age;  //年龄
     char Sex[5];  //性别
     char Departments[10]; //系部
     int Phone;  //电话
     People *next;    // 基类的指针作为next指针
    public:
     friend class manage;
     People(int daihao,char id[],char name[],int age,char sex[],char departments[],int phone); //构造
     ~People();  //析构
     virtual void change(const char*s)=0;   // vietual标志一个虚函数为纯虚函数
     virtual void show()=0; //显示 // 抽象类 不能够实例化 
     virtual void save()=0; //保存 // 只能被子类覆盖 
     void tongji(); //统计
    };
    class teacher:public People //派生教师类
    {
    protected:
     int Income;   //工资
     char Title[20];  //职称
     char Zhuanye[20]; //专业
    public:
    
     teacher(int daihao,char id[],char name[],int age,char sex[],char departments[],int phone,int Income,char Title[20],char Zhuanye[20]);
     ~teacher();
     void change(const char*s);
     void show(); //覆盖基类的虚函数
     void save();
    };
    class student:public People //派生学生类
    {
    protected:
     char Banji[10];
     char Zhuanye[20];
     double Score;
    public:
     student(int daihao,char id[],char name[],int age,char sex[],char departments[],int phone,char banji[10],char zhuanye[20],double score);
     ~student();
     void change(const char*s);
     void show(); //覆盖基类的虚函数
     void save();
    };
    class worker:public People //派生机关人员类
    {
    protected:
     char Zhiwu[20];
     char Jibie[20];
    public:
     worker(int daihao,char id[],char name[],int age,char sex[],char departments[],int phone,char zhiwu[20],char jibie[20]);
     ~worker();
     void change(const char*s);
     void show();
     void save();
    };
    class manage
    {
    protected:
     static int count; //人员数量
     People *head;
    public:
     manage();
     ~manage();
     void insert(People*); //添加人员信息 插入结点
     void add();
     void search(const char*); //按学号查询信息
     void del(const char*); //删除人员信息
     void change(const char *s); //修改人员信息
     void dispaly(); //显示结点信息
     void save(); //保存信息
    };
    
    People::People(int daihao,char id[],char name[],int age,char sex[],char departments[],int phone)
    {
     Daihao=daihao;
     strcpy(Id,id);
     strcpy(Name,name);
     Age=age;
     strcpy(Sex,sex);
     strcpy(Departments,departments);
     Phone=phone;
    }
    People::~People()
    {}
    manage::~manage()
    {}
    
    student::student(int daihao,char id[],char name[],int age,char sex[],
         char departments[],int phone,char banji[],char zhuanye[],double score):People(daihao,id,name,age,sex,departments,phone)
    {
     strcpy(Banji,banji);
     strcpy(Zhuanye,zhuanye);
     Score=score;
    }
    teacher::teacher(int daihao,char id[],char name[],int age,char sex[],
         char departments[],int phone,int income,char title[20],char zhuanye[20]):People(daihao,id,name,age,sex,departments,phone)
    {
     strcpy(Title,title);
     strcpy(Zhuanye,zhuanye);
     Income=income;
    }
    worker::worker(int daihao,char id[],char name[],int age,char sex[],
         char departments[],int phone,char zhiwu[20],char jibie[20]):People(daihao,id,name,age,sex,departments,phone)
    {
     strcpy(Zhiwu,zhiwu);
     strcpy(Jibie,jibie);
    }
    void student::change(const char*)
    {
     cout<<"请输入修改后的信息"<<endl;
     cout<<"编号 姓名 性别 年龄 部门 电话 班级 专业 成绩"<<endl;
     cin>>Id>>Name>>Age>>Sex>>Departments>>Phone>>Banji>>Zhuanye>>Score;
    }
    void student::show()
    {
     cout<<"编号:"<<Id<<endl;
     cout<<"姓名:"<<Name<<endl;
     cout<<"年龄:"<<Age<<endl;
     cout<<"性别:"<<Sex<<endl;
     cout<<"系部:"<<Departments<<endl;
     cout<<"电话:"<<Phone<<endl;
     cout<<"班级:"<<Banji<<endl;
     cout<<"专业:"<<Zhuanye<<endl;
     cout<<"成绩:"<<Score<<endl;
    }
    void student::save()
    {
     fstream file;
     file.open("student.txt",ios::out);     //打开student.txt文件 
     if(!file) //非1
     {
      cout<<"打开文件失败"<<endl;
     }
     file<<"编号："<<Id<<" 姓名:"<<Name<<" 年龄:"<<Age<<" 性别:"<<Sex<<" 系部:"<<Departments<<" 电话："<<Phone<<" 班级："<<Banji<<" 专业："<<Zhuanye<<" 成绩："<<Score;
     file.close();
     file.open("t1.txt",ios::out|ios::app);     //打开t1.txt文件 直接添加 而不清除后添加 
     if(!file) //非1
     {
      cout<<"打开文件失败"<<endl;
     }
     file<<"编号："<<Id<<" 姓名:"<<Name<<" 年龄:"<<Age<<" 性别:"<<Sex<<" 系部:"<<Departments<<" 电话："<<Phone<<" 班级："<<Banji<<" 专业："<<Zhuanye<<" 成绩："<<Score;
     file.close();
    }
    void teacher::save()
    {
     fstream file;
     file.open("teacher.txt",ios::out);
      if(!file) //非1
     {
      cout<<"打开文件失败"<<endl;
     }
    
     file<<"编号："<<Id<<" 姓名:"<<Name<<" 年龄:"<<Age<<" 性别:"<<Sex<<" 系部:"<<Departments<<" 电话："<<Phone<<"工资 "<<Income<<" 职称"<<Title<<" 专业："<<Zhuanye;
     file.close();
     file.open("t1.txt",ios::out|ios::app);
      if(!file) //非1
     {
      cout<<"打开文件失败"<<endl;
     }
    
     file<<"编号："<<Id<<" 姓名:"<<Name<<" 年龄:"<<Age<<" 性别:"<<Sex<<" 系部:"<<Departments<<" 电话："<<Phone<<"工资 "<<Income<<" 职称"<<Title<<" 专业："<<Zhuanye;
     file.close();
    }
    void worker::save()
    {
     fstream file;
     file.open("worker.txt",ios::out);
    
     if(!file) //非1
     {
      cout<<"打开文件失败"<<endl;
     }
    
     file<<"编号："<<Id<<" 姓名:"<<Name<<" 年龄:"<<Age<<" 性别:"<<Sex<<" 系部:"<<Departments<<" 电话："<<Phone<<" 职务："<<Zhiwu<<" 级别："<<Jibie;
     file.close();
     file.open("t1.txt",ios::out|ios::app);
    
     if(!file) //非1
     {
      cout<<"打开文件失败"<<endl;
     }
    
     file<<"编号："<<Id<<" 姓名:"<<Name<<" 年龄:"<<Age<<" 性别:"<<Sex<<" 系部:"<<Departments<<" 电话："<<Phone<<" 职务："<<Zhiwu<<" 级别："<<Jibie;
     file.close();
    }
    void manage::save()
    {
     People *node;
     node=head; //头结点
     while(node)
     {
      node->save();
      node=node->next; //指向下一个结点
     }
    }
    void teacher::change(const char*)
    {
     cout<<"请输入修改后的信息"<<endl;
     cout<<"编号 姓名 性别 年龄 部门 电话 工资 职称 专业"<<endl;
     cin>>Id>>Name>>Age>>Sex>>Departments>>Phone>>Income>>Title>>Zhuanye;
    }
    void teacher::show()
    {
     cout<<"编号:"<<Id<<endl;
     cout<<"姓名:"<<Name<<endl;
     cout<<"年龄:"<<Age<<endl;
     cout<<"性别:"<<Sex<<endl;
     cout<<"系部:"<<Departments<<endl;
     cout<<"电话:"<<Phone<<endl;
     cout<<"工资:"<<Income<<endl;
     cout<<"职称:"<<Title<<endl;
     cout<<"专业"<<Zhuanye<<endl;
    }
    void worker::change(const char*)
    {
     cout<<"请输入修改后的信息"<<endl;
     cout<<"编号 姓名 性别 年龄 部门 电话 职务 级别"<<endl;
     cin>>Id>>Name>>Age>>Sex>>Departments>>Phone>>Zhiwu>>Jibie;
    }
    void worker::show()
    {
     cout<<"编号:"<<Id<<endl;
     cout<<"姓名:"<<Name<<endl;
     cout<<"年龄:"<<Age<<endl;
     cout<<"性别:"<<Sex<<endl;
     cout<<"系部:"<<Departments<<endl;
     cout<<"电话:"<<Phone<<endl;
     cout<<"职务:"<<Zhiwu<<endl;
     cout<<"级别:"<<Jibie<<endl;
    }
    manage::manage()
    {
     head=0;
    }
    void manage::insert( People *i)
    {
     People *node;  //定义一个指向people类的指针 
     if(head==0)  //如果没有头结点 则创造一个
     {
      head=i;
      head->next=0;
     }
     else
     {
      node=head;    //等于头结点 
      while(node->next) //当尾结点不为0时 一直循环 
       node=node->next;
      node->next=i;     //创造一个新的尾结点 
      i->next=0;        //尾结点置0 
     }
    }
    void manage::search(const char *s) //按编号查询人员信息
    {
     People *node=head;
     int flog=0;        //起到标记的作用 
     while(node)  //循环找符合编号的结点
     {
      if(strcmp(node->Id,s)==0) //如果找到
      {
       flog=1;
       node->show(); //显示查询结果
       break;
      }
      else  //没找到则找下个结点
       node=node->next;
     }
     if(flog) //如果找到 则flog为1
     {
      cout<<"查找成功"<<endl;
     }
     else
      cout<<"未找到该编号"<<endl;
    }
    void manage::del(const char *s) //按学号删除人员信息
    {
     People *node1,*node2;
     int flog=0;
     node1=head;
     if(strcmp(head->Id,s)==0) //如果找到 则使该结点删除
     {
        if(head->Daihao==1)
        {
       xsrs--;
       zrs--;
       cout<<"减少一名学生"<<endl;
        }
      if(head->Daihao==2)
        {
       lsrs--;
       zrs--;
       cout<<"减少一名老师"<<endl;
        }
      if(head->Daihao==3)
        {
       zgrs--;
       zrs--;
       cout<<"减少一名职工"<<endl;
        }
      head=head->next;
      node1->~People(); //析 消亡
      flog=1;  //确认删除成功 标记为1
     }
     else
     {
      while(node1)
       if(strcmp(head->Id,s)==0)
       {
    
        node2->next=node1->next;
        node1->~People();
        flog=1;
        break;
       }
       else
       {
        node2=node1;
        node1=node1->next;
       }
     }
     if(!flog)
      cout<<"未找到要删除的结点"<<endl;
     else
      cout<<"结点被删除"<<endl;
    }
    void manage::dispaly()
    {
     People *node;
     if(head==0)
      cout<<"空链表"<<endl;
     else
     {
      node=head;
      while(node)
      {
       node->show();
       node=node->next;
      }
     }
    }
    void manage::change(const char *s) //按编号修改人员信息
    {
     People *node=head;
     int flog=0;
     while(node)
     {
      if(strcmp(node->Id,s)==0)
      {
       flog=1;
       node->change(s); //显示修改结果
       break;
      }
      else
       node=node->next;
     }
     if(flog)
      cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;
     if(!flog)
      cout<<"未找到该结点"<<endl; 
    }
    
    void manage::add() //添加人员信息
    { 
     int Daihao;
     char Id[20];
     char Name[40];
     int Age;
     char Sex[5];
     char Departments[10];
     int Phone;
     int Income;
     char Title[20];
     char Zhuanye[20];
     char Banji[10];
     double Score;
     char Zhiwu[20];
     char Jibie[20];
     int i; //选择
     People *a;
     cout<<" ***********请选择您需要操作的对象：*********"<<endl;
     cout<<" 1.学生"<<endl;
     cout<<" 2.老师"<<endl;
     cout<<" 3.职工"<<endl;
     cin>>i;
     cout<<"请输入基础信息"<<endl;
     cout<<"请输入代号:"<<endl;
     cin>>Daihao;
     cout<<"请输入编号:"<<endl;
     cin>>Id;
     cout<<"请输入姓名:"<<endl;
     cin>>Name;
     cout<<"请输入性别:"<<endl;
     cin>>Sex;
     cout<<"请输入年龄:"<<endl;
     cin>>Age;
     cout<<"请输入系部:"<<endl;
     cin>>Departments;
     cout<<"请输入电话号码:"<<endl;
     cin>>Phone;
     if(i==1)
     {
      cout<<"请输入班级、专业、成绩"<<endl;
      cin>>Banji>>Zhuanye>>Score;
      a=new student(Daihao,Id,Name,Age,Sex,Departments,Phone,Banji,Zhuanye,Score);  //调用默认构造函数 
      xsrs++;   //学生人数+1 
      cout<<"添加成功！";
     }
     if(i==2)
     {
      cout<<"请输入工资、职称、专业"<<endl;
      cin>>Income>>Title>>Zhuanye;
      a=new teacher(Daihao,Id,Name,Age,Sex,Departments,Phone,Income,Title,Zhuanye);
      lsrs++;
      cout<<"添加成功！";
     }
     if(i==3)
     {
      cout<<"请输入职务、级别"<<endl;
      cin>>Zhiwu>>Jibie;
      a=new worker(Daihao,Id,Name,Age,Sex,Departments,Phone,Zhiwu,Jibie);
      zgrs++;
      cout<<"添加成功！";
     }
     insert(a);
     zrs++;
    }
    int main()
    {
     system("title:软件151:何金洋");
    
     int z;
     char Id[20]={
       0};
     manage hjy; //定义一个对象
     while(1)
     { 
      system("cls");
      menu();  //菜单
    
      cin>>z;
      switch(z)
      {  
      case 1:  //添加
    
       {
        hjy.add();
        system("pause");
       }break;
      case 2:  //修改
       {
        cout<<"请输入您需要修改的学号:";
        cin>>Id;
        hjy.change(Id);
        system("pause");
       }break;
      case 3:  //删除
       {
        cout<<"请输入需要删除的号码:";
        cin>>Id;
        hjy.del(Id);
        system("pause");  
       }break;
      case 4:  //查询
       {
        cout<<"请输入需要查询的号码:"<<endl;
        cin>>Id;
        hjy.search(Id);
        system("pause");
       }break;
      case 5:  //统计
       {
        tongji();
       }break;
      case 6: //保存
       {
      hjy.save();
      cout<<"保存成功！"<<endl;
      system("pause");
       }break;
      case 7:
       {
        exit(0);
       }
      }
    
     }
    }
    void menu()       
    { system("cls");
     cout<<" ********欢迎进入高校人员信息管理系统********"<<endl;
     cout<<" ******** 请选择以下功能: ********"<<endl;
     cout<<" ******** 1、新增 ********"<<endl;
     cout<<" ******** 2、修改 ********"<<endl;
     cout<<" ******** 3、删除 ********"<<endl;
     cout<<" ******** 4、查询 ********"<<endl;
     cout<<" ******** 5、统计 ********"<<endl;
     cout<<" ******** 6、保存 ********"<<endl;
     cout<<" ******** 7、退出 ********"<<endl;
     cout<<"请输入您选择功能的序号：";
    }
    void tongji()
    {
      cout<<"总人数为："<<zrs<<"人"<<endl;
      cout<<"学生人数："<<xsrs<<"人"<<endl;
      cout<<"老师人数："<<lsrs<<"人"<<endl;
      cout<<"职工人数："<<zgrs<<"人"<<endl;
      system("pause");
    }