Hibernate入门配置详解及例子

柔情只为你懂 2022-09-22 13:55 264阅读 0赞

## 1.添加数据库驱动(个人Add JARS选择ojdbc6.jar,看版本而言) ##

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## 2.新建Java Project配置Hibernate(myeclipse版本较新，一些版本添加Hibernate可以直接在MyEclispe展开的子项中找到) ##

### 1）向添加hibernate功能 ###

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### 2）选择hibernate版本及运行环境 ###

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### 3)选择（新建）包放置配置完成后生成的HibernateSessionFactory.java ###

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### 4)选择数据库连接驱动，点击Finish（第一步已完成驱动配置，数据库版本不影响运行，个人用的是oracle11g） ###

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### 5)向生成的src下的hibernate.cfg.xml添加<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>，详解如下：![Center 6][] ###

## 3、新建java程序及配置 ##

### 1)新建POJO类Student.java: ###

package vo;
    
    public class Student {
    	private String name;
    	private Integer sno;
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    	public Integer getSno() {
    		return sno;
    	}
    	public void setSno(Integer sno) {
    		this.sno = sno;
    	}
    	
    }

### 2)在POJO(Student)类的同一包下新建同名.hbm.xml文件，例Student.hbm.xml: ###

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-mapping>
    	<class name="vo.Student" table="tb_student">
    		<id name="sno" column="sno" type="int">
    			<generator class="native"></generator>
    		</id>
    		<property name="name" type="string">
    			<column name="name"></column>
    		</property>
    	</class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

#### 附:通过配置XML类别可快速完成配置,关联dtd可通过搜索myeclipse安装目录下的插件库获得dtd文件位置，全名为hibernate-mapping-x.x.dtd ####

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### 3)添加映射，可以如下图添加后Ctrl+S保存，也可以点击Configuration旁边的Source进行代码添加 ###

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hibernate.cfg.xml文件中所新加的代码段:<mapping resource="vo/Student.hbm.xml" />，如下:

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
              "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
              "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
    	<session-factory>
    		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
    		<property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">orcl</property>
    		<property name="dialect">
    			org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle9Dialect
    		</property>
    		<property name="connection.password">tiger</property>
    		<property name="connection.username">scott</property>
    		<property name="connection.url">
    			jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl
    		</property>
    		<property name="connection.driver_class">
    			oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver
    		</property>
    		<mapping resource="vo/Student.hbm.xml" />
    	</session-factory>
    </hibernate-configuration>

### 4)execute包下新建AddInfo.java(对数据库数据进行操作时需开启事务) ###

package execute;
    
    import org.hibernate.Session;
    
    import hibernate.HibernateSessionFactory;
    import vo.Student;
    
    public class AddInfo {
    
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Session session = null;
    		try {
    			session = HibernateSessionFactory.getSession();
    			session.beginTransaction();//开启事务
    			Student stu = new Student();
    			stu.setName("Wilson");//Student.hbm.xml已设置id生成方式为native，固此处即使设置了sno也无效
    			session.save(stu);//执行数据库提交操作
    			session.getTransaction().commit();//事务提交,若无此句无法进行数据库的数据修改操作
    			System.out.println("添加成功");
    		} catch (Exception e) {

<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>session.getTransaction().rollback();//事务回滚
    			System.out.println("添加失败");
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}finally {
    			HibernateSessionFactory.closeSession();
    		}
    	}
    
    }

## 4.查看数据库,程序成功运行（log4j警告可以通过向项目的src包添加log4j.properties消除,log4j资源文件可以在hibernate的文件目录下搜索获取然后copy过去） ##

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