Github全程指南-如何高效使用

我不是女神ヾ 2022-09-22 11:48 225阅读 0赞

作为一名开发者，Github上面有很多东西值得关注学习，可是刚刚接触github，怎样一步步学习使用Github？怎样更高效的利用Github？ 在这里搜集整理网络上面的资料，汇总成这么一篇repo 《Github使用指南》，供大家一起学习。 ![:octocat:][octocat]

*  [github 入门使用教程-图文并茂][github _-] 很简洁的说明如何使用，看图即可明白。
 *  [github help][] Sometimes you just need a little help. 中文翻译版在此[Github 帮助文档][Github]。
 *  [github 之 fork 简介指南][github _ fork] 帮你理解清楚什么是fork，fork 的工作流有哪些。
 *  [github-cheat-sheet][] 关于使用 git 和 github 的一些技巧汇总，中文版在此[GitHub秘籍][GitHub]
 *  [The GitHub Blog][] github 官方博客，关注最新动态。
 *  [How to Build a GitHub][] Github一名早期员工介绍Github的历史，5年108名员工无人离职。
 *  [阳志平：如何高效利用GitHub][GitHub 1] 介绍的挺全，以及一些用法，如怎样利用Github来学习、演讲找工作等。
 *  [github 支持的 emoji表情 emoji-cheat-sheet][github _ emoji_ emoji-cheat-sheet] ![:v:][v] ![:clap:][clap] 感觉不好找到需要的表情？试试[Emoji Searcher][]
 *  [github guides][] 从`Contributing to Open Source on GitHub`、`Hello World`、`Forking Projects`、`Be Social`、`Making Your Code Citable`、`Mastering Issues`、`Mastering Markdown`、`Mastering Wikis`、`Getting Started with GitHub Pages` 等9个方面图文详细讲解每一步如何使用，以及能做哪些功能。
 *  [fork-me-on-github][] 个人博客、技术博客等如果需要添加github 的彩带，可以使用此方法。
 *  [蒋鑫-GotGitHub][-GotGitHub] 《Git权威指南》的作者，对Github有很深的了解。（由于首页打开太慢，放到了本文目录中，下面的文章既是）

# Github Skills #

*  [Using Git blame to trace changes in a file][] 如果你想看某一个文件中每一行是谁修改的，为什么修改？那么尽情的使用`blame` 按钮，发现文件的历史。
 *  [Github 搜索技巧][Github 1]
 *  [Closing issues via commit messages - 通过提交信息关闭Issues][Closing issues via commit messages - _Issues]
 *  [Update your forked code from original repository - 如何更新自己 Fork 的代码][Update your forked code from original repository - _ Fork]

更多关于 Github 的内容请查看：[GithubHelp][github help] 查找需要的信息。

--------------------

原文地址：[http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/index.html][http_www.worldhello.net_gotgithub_index.html]

# GotGitHub[¶][Link 1] #

<table style="border-spacing:0px; border-collapse:collapse; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; display:block; width:888px; overflow:auto; word-break:normal; color:rgb(51,51,51); font-family:'Helvetica Neue',Helvetica,'Segoe UI',Arial,freesans,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Emoji','Segoe UI Symbol'; font-size:16px; line-height:25.6px; widows:auto"> 
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   <th style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)">Author:</th> 
   <td style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)">Jiang Xin</td> 
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  <tr style="border-top-width:1px; border-top-style:solid; border-top-color:rgb(204,204,204); background-color:rgb(248,248,248)"> 
   <th style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)">Version:</th> 
   <td style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)">v0.9.1-13-g5075479</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr style="border-top-width:1px; border-top-style:solid; border-top-color:rgb(204,204,204)"> 
   <th style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)">Copyright:</th> 
   <td style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)"><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/" style="color:rgb(64,120,192); text-decoration:none; background-color:transparent" rel="nofollow">Creative Commons BY-NC-SA</a></td> 
  </tr> 
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</table>

## 前言[¶][Link 2] ##

动笔写GitHub不是因为我对其了解，恰恰是对其太不了解。

在我的《Git权威指南》 [\[1\]][1] 一书中，涉及到GitHub的只有区区三页纸，这显然回答不了读者对于GitHub的诸多疑问。 记得在《Git权威指南》刚刚完稿之际，机械工业出版社华章公司的杨福川编辑就鼓动我写一本关于GitHub的书，我用了好多理由推辞了。 头条理由就是我真的累着了。在每一章节开始动笔之时，都好像是坐在了中学语文考试的考堂上写作文，时间快到了可仍然动不了笔， 再写一本书无疑要重复这一痛苦的经历。 第二个理由是我更喜欢编程，而不是写文档，尤其写GitHub会有大量截图、图像处理的琐碎工作。 第三个理由彻底让编辑投降，那就是GitHub是一个国外网站，也许书一出，【此句已被原作者删除】。

让我最终决定动笔，是源于CSDN蒋总在美国拜访GitHub总部后告诉我的一些见闻，我对GitHub如此成功运作产生了兴趣，于是开始研究GitHub的博客，愈发发现GitHub是一群有趣的人在做的有趣的事，如果只把GitHub当作一个Git服务器，实在是暴殄天物。GitHub已经并将继续获得成功，若真能凭借此书把GitHub尽量全面地展现，让每一个Git使用者用好GitHub也是一件幸事。

这本书将采用GitHub的方式进行撰写和发布 [\[2\]][2] ，任何人都可以看到本书（包括源码），更可以用GitHub的方法参与本书的撰写和纠错。网络出版对于我和杨福川编辑都是一个全新的体验。感谢Git，让我在一年内拥有了两种不同的出版体验。

– 蒋鑫, 2011.12

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   <td style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)"><a href="http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/#id2" style="color:rgb(64,120,192); text-decoration:none; background-color:transparent" rel="nofollow">[1]</a></td> 
   <td style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)"><a href="http://www.worldhello.net/gotgit/" style="color:rgb(64,120,192); text-decoration:none; background-color:transparent" rel="nofollow">http://www.worldhello.net/gotgit/</a></td> 
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   <td style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)"><a href="https://github.com/gotgit/gotgithub" style="color:rgb(64,120,192); text-decoration:none; background-color:transparent" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/gotgit/gotgithub</a></td> 
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## 目录[¶][Link 3] ##

*  [1. 探索GitHub][1. _GitHub]
    
     *  [1.1. 什么是GitHub][1.1. _GitHub]
     *  [1.2. GitHub亮点][1.2. GitHub]
     *  [1.3. 探索GitHub][1.3. _GitHub]
 *  [2. 加入GitHub][2. _GitHub]
    
     *  [2.1. 创建GitHub账号][2.1. _GitHub]
     *  [2.2. 浏览托管项目][2.2.]
     *  [2.3. 社交网络][2.3.]
 *  [3. 项目托管][3.]
    
     *  [3.1. 创建新项目][3.1.]
        
         *  [3.1.1. 新版本库即是新项目][3.1.1.]
         *  [3.1.2. 版本库初始化][3.1.2.]
         *  [3.1.3. 从已有版本库创建][3.1.3.]
     *  [3.2. 操作版本库][3.2.]
        
         *  [3.2.1. 强制推送][3.2.1.]
         *  [3.2.2. 新建分支][3.2.2.]
         *  [3.2.3. 设置默认分支][3.2.3.]
         *  [3.2.4. 删除分支][3.2.4.]
         *  [3.2.5. 里程碑管理][3.2.5.]
     *  [3.3. 公钥认证管理][3.3.]
        
         *  [3.3.1. 用户级公钥管理][3.3.1.]
         *  [3.3.2. 项目级公钥管理][3.3.2.]
     *  [3.4. 版本库钩子扩展][3.4.]
        
         *  [3.4.1. 邮件通知功能][3.4.1.]
         *  [3.4.2. 和Redmine整合][3.4.2. _Redmine]
     *  [3.5. 建立主页][3.5.]
        
         *  [3.5.1. 创建个人主页][3.5.1.]
         *  [3.5.2. 创建项目主页][3.5.2.]
         *  [3.5.3. 使用专有域名][3.5.3.]
         *  [3.5.4. 使用Jekyll维护网站][3.5.4. _Jekyll]
 *  [4. 工作协同][4.]
    
     *  [4.1. Fork + Pull模式][4.1. Fork _ Pull]
        
         *  [4.1.1. 版本库派生][4.1.1.]
         *  [4.1.2. Pull Request][]
         *  [4.1.3. 手工合并][4.1.3.]
         *  [4.1.4. 在线编辑][4.1.4.]
         *  [4.1.5. 简化的 Fork + Pull Request][4.1.5. _ Fork _ Pull Request]
     *  [4.2. 共享版本库][4.2.]
        
         *  [4.2.1. 版本库授权][4.2.1.]
         *  [4.2.2. 与传统集中式工作模式的异同][4.2.2.]
         *  [4.2.3. 合并后推送][4.2.3.]
         *  [4.2.4. 合并还是变基][4.2.4.]
     *  [4.3. 组织和团队][4.3.]
        
         *  [4.3.1. 创建新组织][4.3.1.]
         *  [4.3.2. 组织管理][4.3.2.]
         *  [4.3.3. 版本库管理][4.3.3.]
         *  [4.3.4. 个人还是组织][4.3.4.]
     *  [4.4. 代码评注][4.4.]
        
         *  [4.4.1. 提交评注][4.4.1.]
         *  [4.4.2. 逐行评注][4.4.2.]
     *  [4.5. 缺陷跟踪][4.5.]
        
         *  [4.5.1. 标签][4.5.1.]
         *  [4.5.2. 里程碑][4.5.2.]
         *  [4.5.3. Issue的生命周期][4.5.3. Issue]
         *  [4.5.4. Pull Requst也是Issue][4.5.4. Pull Requst_Issue]
     *  [4.6. 维基][4.6.]
        
         *  [4.6.1. 维基初始化][4.6.1.]
         *  [4.6.2. 使用维基][4.6.2.]
         *  [4.6.3. 维基与Git][4.6.3. _Git]
 *  [5. 付费服务][5.]
    
     *  [5.1. GitHub收费方案][5.1. GitHub]
     *  [5.2. GitHub企业版][5.2. GitHub]
 *  [6. GitHub副产品][6. GitHub]
    
     *  [6.1. GitHub:Gist][6.1. GitHub_Gist]
        
         *  [6.1.1. 数据的粘贴和引用][6.1.1.]
         *  [6.1.2. Gist背后的Git库][6.1.2. Gist_Git]
         *  [6.1.3. Greasemonkey][]
         *  [6.1.4. 命令行操作Gist][6.1.4. _Gist]
     *  [6.2. 其他版本控制工具支持][6.2.]
        
         *  [6.2.1. 用SVN操作GitHub][6.2.1. _SVN_GitHub]
         *  [6.2.2. 用Hg操作GitHub][6.2.2. _Hg_GitHub]
     *  [6.3. 客户端工具][6.3.]
        
         *  [6.3.1. github:mac][6.3.1. github_mac]
         *  [6.3.2. hub][]
         *  [6.3.3. iOS应用][6.3.3. iOS]
     *  [6.4. 其他][6.4.]
        
         *  [6.4.1. GitHub:Jobs][6.4.1. GitHub_Jobs]
         *  [6.4.2. GitHub:Shop][6.4.2. GitHub_Shop]
         *  [6.4.3. GitHub短网址服务][6.4.3. GitHub]
         *  [6.4.4. GitHub Open Source][]
 *  [7. 附录：轻量级标记语言][7.]

# Github Skills #

更多关于 Github 的内容请查看：[GithubHelp][github help] 查找需要的信息。

--------------------

原文地址：[http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/index.html][http_www.worldhello.net_gotgithub_index.html]

# GotGitHub[¶][Link 1] #

## 前言[¶][Link 2] ##

动笔写GitHub不是因为我对其了解，恰恰是对其太不了解。

– 蒋鑫, 2011.12

--------------------

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 <tbody style=""> 
  <tr style="border-top-width:1px; border-top-style:solid; border-top-color:rgb(204,204,204)"> 
   <td style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)"><a href="http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/#id3" style="color:rgb(64,120,192); text-decoration:none; background-color:transparent" rel="nofollow">[2]</a></td> 
   <td style="padding:6px 13px; border:1px solid rgb(221,221,221)"><a href="https://github.com/gotgit/gotgithub" style="color:rgb(64,120,192); text-decoration:none; background-color:transparent" rel="nofollow">https://github.com/gotgit/gotgithub</a></td> 
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</table>

## 目录[¶][Link 3] ##

[octocat]: https://assets-cdn.github.com/images/icons/emoji/octocat.png
[github _-]: http://developer.51cto.com/art/201407/446249_all.htm
[github help]: https://help.github.com/
[Github]: https://github.com/waylau/github-help
[github _ fork]: https://linux.cn/article-4292-1.html
[github-cheat-sheet]: https://github.com/tiimgreen/github-cheat-sheet
[GitHub]: https://github.com/tiimgreen/github-cheat-sheet/blob/master/README.zh-cn.md
[The GitHub Blog]: https://github.com/blog
[How to Build a GitHub]: http://zachholman.com/talk/how-to-build-a-github/
[GitHub 1]: http://www.yangzhiping.com/tech/github.html
[github _ emoji_ emoji-cheat-sheet]: http://www.emoji-cheat-sheet.com/
[v]: https://assets-cdn.github.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/270c.png
[clap]: https://assets-cdn.github.com/images/icons/emoji/unicode/1f44f.png
[Emoji Searcher]: http://emoji.muan.co/
[github guides]: https://guides.github.com/
[fork-me-on-github]: https://github.com/blog/273-github-ribbons
[-GotGitHub]: https://github.com/xirong/my-git/blob/master/GotGitHub.md
[Using Git blame to trace changes in a file]: https://help.github.com/articles/using-git-blame-to-trace-changes-in-a-file/
[Github 1]: https://help.github.com/categories/search/
[Closing issues via commit messages - _Issues]: https://help.github.com/articles/closing-issues-via-commit-messages/
[Update your forked code from original repository - _ Fork]: https://github.com/ysc/APDPlat/wiki/%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E8%87%AA%E5%B7%B1Fork%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81
[http_www.worldhello.net_gotgithub_index.html]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/index.html
[Link 1]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/#gotgithub
[Link 2]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/#id1
[1]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/#id4
[2]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/#id5
[Link 3]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/#id6
[1. _GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/01-explore-github/index.html
[1.1. _GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/01-explore-github/010-what-is-github.html
[1.2. GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/01-explore-github/020-github-hightlights.html
[1.3. _GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/01-explore-github/030-explore-github.html
[2. _GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/02-join-github/index.html
[2.1. _GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/02-join-github/010-account-setup.html
[2.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/02-join-github/020-browse-repo.html
[2.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/02-join-github/030-be-social.html
[3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/index.html
[3.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/010-new-project.html
[3.1.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/010-new-project.html#new-repo
[3.1.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/010-new-project.html#init-by-clone
[3.1.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/010-new-project.html#init-by-push
[3.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/020-repo-operation.html
[3.2.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/020-repo-operation.html#noff-push
[3.2.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/020-repo-operation.html#new-branch
[3.2.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/020-repo-operation.html#default-branch
[3.2.4.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/020-repo-operation.html#del-branch
[3.2.5.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/020-repo-operation.html#git-tags
[3.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/030-repo-authz.html
[3.3.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/030-repo-authz.html#pubkeys
[3.3.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/030-repo-authz.html#deploy-keys
[3.4.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/040-repo-hooks.html
[3.4.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/040-repo-hooks.html#mail-notify-hook
[3.4.2. _Redmine]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/040-repo-hooks.html#redmine
[3.5.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/050-homepage.html
[3.5.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/050-homepage.html#user-homepage
[3.5.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/050-homepage.html#project-homepage
[3.5.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/050-homepage.html#dedicate-domain
[3.5.4. _Jekyll]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/03-project-hosting/050-homepage.html#jekyll
[4.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/index.html
[4.1. Fork _ Pull]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/010-fork-and-pull.html
[4.1.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/010-fork-and-pull.html#fork
[4.1.2. Pull Request]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/010-fork-and-pull.html#pull-request
[4.1.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/010-fork-and-pull.html#merge-by-hands
[4.1.4.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/010-fork-and-pull.html#online-edit
[4.1.5. _ Fork _ Pull Request]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/010-fork-and-pull.html#fork-pull-request
[4.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/020-shared-repo.html
[4.2.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/020-shared-repo.html#collaborators
[4.2.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/020-shared-repo.html#central-model
[4.2.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/020-shared-repo.html#merge-and-push
[4.2.4.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/020-shared-repo.html#rebase-and-push
[4.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/030-organization.html
[4.3.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/030-organization.html#new-org
[4.3.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/030-organization.html#org-settings
[4.3.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/030-organization.html#org-repo-mgmt
[4.3.4.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/030-organization.html#pros-of-org
[4.4.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/040-code-review.html
[4.4.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/040-code-review.html#commit-comments
[4.4.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/040-code-review.html#line-comments
[4.5.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/050-issue.html
[4.5.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/050-issue.html#labels
[4.5.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/050-issue.html#milestone
[4.5.3. Issue]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/050-issue.html#issue
[4.5.4. Pull Requst_Issue]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/050-issue.html#pull-requstissue
[4.6.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/060-wiki.html
[4.6.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/060-wiki.html#wiki-init
[4.6.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/060-wiki.html#use-wiki
[4.6.3. _Git]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/04-work-with-others/060-wiki.html#git
[5.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/05-commercial-github/index.html
[5.1. GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/05-commercial-github/non-free-plans.html
[5.2. GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/05-commercial-github/github-enterprise.html
[6. GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/index.html
[6.1. GitHub_Gist]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/gist.html
[6.1.1.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/gist.html#paste
[6.1.2. Gist_Git]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/gist.html#gistgit
[6.1.3. Greasemonkey]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/gist.html#greasemonkey
[6.1.4. _Gist]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/gist.html#gist-cli
[6.2.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/other-scm.html
[6.2.1. _SVN_GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/svn.html
[6.2.2. _Hg_GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/hg-git.html
[6.3.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/tools.html
[6.3.1. github_mac]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/github-mac.html
[6.3.2. hub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/hub.html
[6.3.3. iOS]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/ios.html
[6.4.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/others.html
[6.4.1. GitHub_Jobs]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/jobs.html
[6.4.2. GitHub_Shop]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/shop.html
[6.4.3. GitHub]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/short-url.html
[6.4.4. GitHub Open Source]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/06-side-projects/opensource.html
[7.]: http://www.worldhello.net/gotgithub/appendix/markups.html