【Python编程】运行前检测并安装脚本的依赖库

朱雀 2022-09-17 01:57 145阅读 0赞

python功能十分强大得益于其丰富的第三方库，也正因为此你写好的脚本在其他平台上运行的话，就坑能因为缺少所需要的这些库而报错无法运行。如下所示：

E:\project\python>python ./test.py
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "./test.py", line 9, in <module>
        import serial
    ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'serial'

接下来我们以pyserial这个经产使用的第三方串口编程库为例

#!/usr/bin/env python
    #-*-coding:utf-8 -*-
    requirements = ["pyserial"]
    def check_requirement(package):
        try:
            exec("import {0}".format(package))
        except ModuleNotFoundError:
            inquiry = input("This script requires {0}. Do you want to install {0}? [y/n]".format(package))
            while (inquiry != "y") and (inquiry != "n"):
                inquiry = input("This script requires {0}. Do you want to install {0}? [y/n]".format(package))
            if inquiry == "y":
                import os
                print("Execute commands: pip install {0}".format(package))
                os.system("pip install {0}".format(package))
            else:
                print("{0} is missing, so the program exits!".format(package))
                exit(-1)
    for requirement in requirements:
        check_requirement(requirement)
    
    import os
    import sys
    import time
    import string
    import serial
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        
        portx = 'COM1'
        bps = 115200
        mSerial = serial.Serial(portx, int(bps))
        if (mSerial.isOpen()):
            print("open success")
            mSerial.write("hello\n".encode())
            mSerial.flushInput()
        else:
            print("open failed")
            serial.close()

演示效果如下截图：  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAQ29saW4uVGFu_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16_pic_center]

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参考文章：

*  [Python脚本检测并安装依赖的第三方库][Python]

[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBAQ29saW4uVGFu_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16_pic_center]: /images/20220828/dd9d315e291647d289f4e81ce22aa28d.png
[Python]: http://blog.biochen.com/archives/1273