Python制作一个12306查票程序脚本（附完整代码，仅供学习参考）

迈不过友情╰ 2022-09-10 15:11 325阅读 0赞

# 前言 #

今天教大家用Python制作一个12306查票程序脚本（仅供学习参考）

# 首先，先导入本次所需的模块 #

import requests
    import pandas as pd
    
    import json

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# [点这里即可免费在线观看][Link 1] #

# 请求数据 #

找到数据来源  
![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5p2-6byg54ix5ZCD6aW85bmy_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16][]

url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/query'
    data = { 
        'leftTicketDTO.train_date': train_date,
        'leftTicketDTO.from_station': city_json[from_station],
        'leftTicketDTO.to_station': city_json[to_station],
        'purpose_codes': 'ADULT',
    }
    headers = { 
        'Cookie': '_uab_collina=163108019860709243490927; JSESSIONID=3A879F34238B594124705B10D7C0B0E6; BIGipServerotn=3956736266.64545.0000; guidesStatus=off; highContrastMode=defaltMode; cursorStatus=off; BIGipServerpassport=870842634.50215.0000; RAIL_EXPIRATION=1631354049020; RAIL_DEVICEID=jY49UGp1PWZZ0cY6CWj2wmKFDH60qsPXbu7L4D2DjNDJSM4sbqZmmlUm62-6L3k9SNtBAUgBPn7Rh1-FAxka97-nHNpT3QIh5YIXtw3mGao0mjLNkIv2ayvwqxWyFhdbos5_ziUA3XVil7awDZ0EjzKBAWdl22Hu; route=495c805987d0f5c8c84b14f60212447d; _jc_save_fromStation=%u957F%u6C99%2CCSQ; _jc_save_fromDate=2021-09-08; _jc_save_toDate=2021-09-08; _jc_save_wfdc_flag=dc; _jc_save_toStation=%u5CB3%u9633%u4E1C%2CYIQ',
        # 'Host': 'kyfw.12306.cn',
        # 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init?linktypeid=dc&fs=%E9%95%BF%E6%B2%99,CSQ&ts=%E5%B2%B3%E9%98%B3%E4%B8%9C,YIQ&date=2021-09-08&flag=N,N,Y',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36'
    }
    response = requests.get(url=url, params=data, headers=headers)

# 自动识别编码 #

response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding

# 数据解析取值 #

for index in result:
            # requests.utils.unquote(index)
            index_list = index.replace('有', 'Yes').replace('无', 'No').split('|')
            # print(index_list)
            train_number = index_list[3]  # 车次
            if 'G' in train_number:
                time_1 = index_list[8]  # 出发时间
                time_2 = index_list[9]  # 到达时间
                prince_seat = index_list[32]  # 特等座
                first_class_seat = index_list[31]  # 一等座
                second_class = index_list[30]  # 二等座
                dit = { 
                    'Num': train_number,
                    'Start': time_1,
                    'End': time_2,
                    'Top': prince_seat,
                    'First': prince_seat,
                    'Second': second_class,
                    'Yz': '-',
                    'Wz': '-',
                    'Rw': '-',
                    'Yw': '-',
                }
            else:
                time_1 = index_list[8]  # 出发时间
                time_2 = index_list[9]  # 到达时间
                hard_seat = index_list[29]  # 硬座
                no_seat = index_list[26]  # 无座
                soft_sleeper = index_list[23]  # 软卧
                hard_sleeper = index_list[28]  # 硬卧
                dit = { 
                    'Num': train_number,
                    'Start': time_1,
                    'End': time_2,
                    'Top': '-',
                    'First': '-',
                    'Second': '-',
                    'Yz': hard_seat,
                    'Wz': no_seat,
                    'Rw': soft_sleeper,
                    'Yw': hard_sleeper,
                }
            lis.append(dit)
        content = pd.DataFrame(lis)
        print(content)

实现查询一座城市车次数据  
![57f0ebc694294cd195ce2320c937a9c8.png][]

# 实现全国车次查询 #

f = open('city.json', mode='r', encoding='utf-8')
    text = f.read()
    city_json = json.loads(text)
    while True:
        from_station = input('请输入你出发的城市： ')
        to_station = input('请输入你达到的城市： ')
        train_date = input('请输入乘车时间(2021-09-08/年-月-日)：')

# 再次查询/退出 #

again = input('是否继续查询(Y/N): ')
    if again == 'Y' or again == 'y':
        continue
    else:
        break

# 完整代码 #

import requests
    import pandas as pd
    
    import json
    
    f = open('city.json', mode='r', encoding='utf-8')
    text = f.read()
    city_json = json.loads(text)
    while True:
        from_station = input('请输入你出发的城市： ')
        to_station = input('请输入你达到的城市： ')
        train_date = input('请输入乘车时间(2021-09-08/年-月-日)：')
        url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/query'
        data = { 
            'leftTicketDTO.train_date': train_date,
            'leftTicketDTO.from_station': city_json[from_station],
            'leftTicketDTO.to_station': city_json[to_station],
            'purpose_codes': 'ADULT',
        }
        headers = { 
            'Cookie': '_uab_collina=163108019860709243490927; JSESSIONID=3A879F34238B594124705B10D7C0B0E6; BIGipServerotn=3956736266.64545.0000; guidesStatus=off; highContrastMode=defaltMode; cursorStatus=off; BIGipServerpassport=870842634.50215.0000; RAIL_EXPIRATION=1631354049020; RAIL_DEVICEID=jY49UGp1PWZZ0cY6CWj2wmKFDH60qsPXbu7L4D2DjNDJSM4sbqZmmlUm62-6L3k9SNtBAUgBPn7Rh1-FAxka97-nHNpT3QIh5YIXtw3mGao0mjLNkIv2ayvwqxWyFhdbos5_ziUA3XVil7awDZ0EjzKBAWdl22Hu; route=495c805987d0f5c8c84b14f60212447d; _jc_save_fromStation=%u957F%u6C99%2CCSQ; _jc_save_fromDate=2021-09-08; _jc_save_toDate=2021-09-08; _jc_save_wfdc_flag=dc; _jc_save_toStation=%u5CB3%u9633%u4E1C%2CYIQ',
            # 'Host': 'kyfw.12306.cn',
            # 'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init?linktypeid=dc&fs=%E9%95%BF%E6%B2%99,CSQ&ts=%E5%B2%B3%E9%98%B3%E4%B8%9C,YIQ&date=2021-09-08&flag=N,N,Y',
            'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36'
        }
        response = requests.get(url=url, params=data, headers=headers)
        response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding
        result = response.json()['data']['result']
        lis = []
        for index in result:
            # requests.utils.unquote(index)
            index_list = index.replace('有', 'Yes').replace('无', 'No').split('|')
            # print(index_list)
            train_number = index_list[3]  # 车次
            if 'G' in train_number:
                time_1 = index_list[8]  # 出发时间
                time_2 = index_list[9]  # 到达时间
                prince_seat = index_list[32]  # 特等座
                first_class_seat = index_list[31]  # 一等座
                second_class = index_list[30]  # 二等座
                dit = { 
                    'Num': train_number,
                    'Start': time_1,
                    'End': time_2,
                    'Top': prince_seat,
                    'First': prince_seat,
                    'Second': second_class,
                    'Yz': '-',
                    'Wz': '-',
                    'Rw': '-',
                    'Yw': '-',
                }
            else:
                time_1 = index_list[8]  # 出发时间
                time_2 = index_list[9]  # 到达时间
                hard_seat = index_list[29]  # 硬座
                no_seat = index_list[26]  # 无座
                soft_sleeper = index_list[23]  # 软卧
                hard_sleeper = index_list[28]  # 硬卧
                dit = { 
                    'Num': train_number,
                    'Start': time_1,
                    'End': time_2,
                    'Top': '-',
                    'First': '-',
                    'Second': '-',
                    'Yz': hard_seat,
                    'Wz': no_seat,
                    'Rw': soft_sleeper,
                    'Yw': hard_sleeper,
                }
            lis.append(dit)
        pd.set_option('display.max_rows', None)
        content = pd.DataFrame(lis)
        print(content)
        again = input('是否继续查询(Y/N): ')
        if again == 'Y' or again == 'y':
            continue
        else:
            break

![watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5p2-6byg54ix5ZCD6aW85bmy_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1][]

# [对于本篇文章有疑问的同学也可以点这里][Link 2] #

[Link 1]: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1544y1C7g4?share_source=copy_web
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5p2-6byg54ix5ZCD6aW85bmy_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: /images/20220829/1cc7e5412bc44f0db3a9f556d53621d7.png
[57f0ebc694294cd195ce2320c937a9c8.png]: /images/20220829/a5e28bc60bd1414e9d41444f7847e144.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5p2-6byg54ix5ZCD6aW85bmy_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]: /images/20220829/cacf9649f8ac4590a24d1240458317aa.png
[Link 2]: https://link.csdn.net/?target=https%3A%2F%2Fjq.qq.com%2F%3F_wv%3D1027%26k%3DSuR89RD4