搞定JUI编程

深藏阁楼爱情的钟 2022-09-10 05:17 141阅读 0赞

### 文章目录 ###

*   *  1.初始Jframe
     *  2.创建属于自己的第一个frame子类
     *  3.设置画布与图形绘制基础
     *  4.使用Graphics2D
     *  整理绘制工具类
     *  6.抗锯齿+双缓存
     *   *  抗锯齿
         *  双缓存

## 1.初始Jframe ##

import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class Test1 { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            //事件分发线程
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> { 
                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Welcome");
                //窗口大小
                frame.setSize(500, 500);
                //是否可改变窗口大小
                frame.setResizable(false);
                //关闭的时候，传递的功能
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                //显示jframe窗口
                frame.setVisible(true);
            });
        }
    }

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]

## 2.创建属于自己的第一个frame子类 ##

AlgoFrame

import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
        public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
            super(title);
            //窗口大小
            this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            //是否可改变窗口大小
            this.setResizable(false);
            //关闭的时候，传递的功能
            this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            //显示jframe窗口
            this.setVisible(true);
        }
    }

测试

import java.awt.*;
    
    public class Test2 { 
    
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
            //事件分发线程
            EventQueue.invokeLater(() -> { 
                AlgoFrame frame = new AlgoFrame("Welcome", 500, 500);
            });
        }
    }

运行结果:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]  
改进iframe

## 3.设置画布与图形绘制基础 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]  
案例:绘制一个圆。

package com.juidemo.algoframe;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
        private int canvasWidth;
        private int canvasHeight;
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
            super(title);
            this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
            this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
    
            //画布相关
            AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
    // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
            this.setContentPane(canvas);
            //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
            this.pack();
            //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
    // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            //是否可改变窗口大小
            this.setResizable(false);
            //关闭的时候，传递的功能
            this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            //显示jframe窗口
            this.setVisible(true);
        }
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
            this(title, 1024, 768);
        }
    
        public int getCanvasWidth() { 
            return canvasWidth;
        }
    
        public int getCanvasHeight() { 
            return canvasHeight;
        }
    
        private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
    
            //绘制组件,绘制一个圆
            @Override
            public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
                super.paintComponent(g);
                g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
            }
    
            //代替第17行代码
            // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
            //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
                return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            }
    
    
        }
    
    }

测试

效果图:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2]

## 4.使用Graphics2D ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2]

package com.juidemo.algoframe;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;
    
    public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
        private int canvasWidth;
        private int canvasHeight;
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
            super(title);
            this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
            this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
    
            //画布相关
            AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
    // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
            this.setContentPane(canvas);
            //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
            this.pack();
            //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
    // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            //是否可改变窗口大小
            this.setResizable(false);
            //关闭的时候，传递的功能
            this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            //显示jframe窗口
            this.setVisible(true);
        }
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
            this(title, 1024, 768);
        }
    
        public int getCanvasWidth() { 
            return canvasWidth;
        }
    
        public int getCanvasHeight() { 
            return canvasHeight;
        }
    
        private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
    
            //绘制组件
            @Override
            public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
                super.paintComponent(g);
    // g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
                //Graphics2D绘制
                Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
    
                //设置边框宽度
                int strokeWidth = 5;
                g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth));
    
                //基本图形封装在Ellipse2D对象中
                //设置颜色
                g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
                //图形坐标 左上角坐标，长和宽
                Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
                //绘制空心圆
                g2d.draw(circle);
    
                //设置颜色
                g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
                Ellipse2D circle2 = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
                //绘制实心圆
                g2d.fill(circle2);
            }
    
            //代替第17行代码
            // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
            //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
                return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            }
    
    
        }
    
    }

测试:

效果:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 3]

## 整理绘制工具类 ##

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 3]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 4]  
工具类:

import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.geom.Ellipse2D;
    
    public class AlgoVisHelper { 
    
        private AlgoVisHelper(){ }
    
        public static void setStrokeWidth(Graphics2D g2d, int w){ 
            int strokeWidth = w;
            //第二个参数，绘制的线条的端点是圆形的
            //第3个参数，在拐弯的时候，画出来的是平滑的实线
            g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND));
        }
    
        public static void setColor(Graphics2D g2d, Color color){ 
            g2d.setColor(color);
        }
    
    
        public static void strokeCircle(Graphics2D g2d, int x, int y, int r){ 
            Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(x-r, y-r, 2*r, 2*r);
            g2d.draw(circle);
        }
    
        public static void fillCircle(Graphics2D g2d, int x, int y, int r){ 
            Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(x-r, y-r, 2*r, 2*r);
            g2d.fill(circle);
        }
    }

改造原来的代码

import com.juidemo.tools.AlgoVisHelper;
    
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
        private int canvasWidth;
        private int canvasHeight;
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
            super(title);
            this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
            this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
    
            //画布相关
            AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
    // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
            this.setContentPane(canvas);
            //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
            this.pack();
            //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
    // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            //是否可改变窗口大小
            this.setResizable(false);
            //关闭的时候，传递的功能
            this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            //显示jframe窗口
            this.setVisible(true);
        }
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
            this(title, 1024, 768);
        }
    
        public int getCanvasWidth() { 
            return canvasWidth;
        }
    
        public int getCanvasHeight() { 
            return canvasHeight;
        }
    
        private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
    
            //绘制组件
            @Override
            public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
                super.paintComponent(g);
    // g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
                //Graphics2D绘制
                Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
    
                //设置边框宽度
    // int strokeWidth = 5;
    // g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth));
                AlgoVisHelper.setStrokeWidth(g2d, 5);
    
                //基本图形封装在Ellipse2D对象中
    
                //设置颜色
    // g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
                AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, Color.BLUE);
    // Ellipse2D circle2 = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
    // //绘制实心圆
    // g2d.fill(circle2);
                //实心圆
                AlgoVisHelper.fillCircle(g2d, canvasWidth/2, canvasHeight/2, 200);
    
                //设置颜色
    // g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
                AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, Color.RED);
                //图形坐标 左上角坐标，长和宽
    // Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
    // //绘制空心圆
    // g2d.draw(circle);
                AlgoVisHelper.strokeCircle(g2d, canvasWidth/2, canvasHeight/2, 200);
    
    
            }
    
            //代替第17行代码
            // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
            //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
                return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            }
        }
    
    }

测试效果

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 4]

## 6.抗锯齿+双缓存 ##

### 抗锯齿 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 5]  
官网地址:  
[https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/2d/advanced/quality.html][https_docs.oracle.com_javase_tutorial_2d_advanced_quality.html]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 6]

import com.juidemo.tools.AlgoVisHelper;
    import javax.swing.*;
    import java.awt.*;
    
    public class AlgoFrame extends JFrame { 
        private int canvasWidth;
        private int canvasHeight;
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title, int canvasWidth, int canvasHeight) throws HeadlessException { 
            super(title);
            this.canvasWidth = canvasWidth;
            this.canvasHeight = canvasHeight;
    
            //画布相关
            AlgoCanvas canvas = new AlgoCanvas();
    // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
            this.setContentPane(canvas);
            //跟进加载进内容的大小，调整窗口的大小
            this.pack();
            //窗口大小 删除这行代码，使用上面画布的大小
    // this.setSize(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            //是否可改变窗口大小
            this.setResizable(false);
            //关闭的时候，传递的功能
            this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
            //显示jframe窗口
            this.setVisible(true);
        }
    
        public AlgoFrame(String title) throws HeadlessException { 
            this(title, 1024, 768);
        }
    
        public int getCanvasWidth() { 
            return canvasWidth;
        }
    
        public int getCanvasHeight() { 
            return canvasHeight;
        }
    
        private class AlgoCanvas extends JPanel { 
    
            //绘制组件
            @Override
            public void paintComponent(Graphics g){ 
                super.paintComponent(g);
    // g.drawOval(50,50,300,300);
                //Graphics2D绘制
                Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
    
                //抗锯齿
                RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(
                                                RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                                                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
                g2d.addRenderingHints(hints);
    
                //设置边框宽度
    // int strokeWidth = 5;
    // g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(strokeWidth));
                AlgoVisHelper.setStrokeWidth(g2d, 5);
    
                //基本图形封装在Ellipse2D对象中
    
                //设置颜色
    // g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
                AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, Color.BLUE);
    // Ellipse2D circle2 = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
    // //绘制实心圆
    // g2d.fill(circle2);
                //实心圆
                AlgoVisHelper.fillCircle(g2d, canvasWidth/2, canvasHeight/2, 200);
    
                //设置颜色
    // g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
                AlgoVisHelper.setColor(g2d, Color.RED);
                //图形坐标 左上角坐标，长和宽
    // Ellipse2D circle = new Ellipse2D.Double(50,50,300,300);
    // //绘制空心圆
    // g2d.draw(circle);
                AlgoVisHelper.strokeCircle(g2d, canvasWidth/2, canvasHeight/2, 200);
    
    
            }
    
            //代替第17行代码
            // canvas.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight));
            //根据面板自动调整窗口大小
            @Override
            public Dimension getPreferredSize(){ 
                return new Dimension(canvasWidth, canvasHeight);
            }
        }
    
    }

关键代码:

//抗锯齿
                RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(
                                                RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
                                                RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
                g2d.addRenderingHints(hints);

效果:  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 5]

### 双缓存 ###

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 7]

jPanel默认实现了双缓存  
![在这里插入图片描述][bd765d6e97154ba69515f2386b7d79dd.png]  
![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 8]

--------------------

完

[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: /images/20220829/ba45cfc8bfd940a79d03cf28895591bc.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]: /images/20220829/825dbf0c11c44127b9514d27fa308775.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16]: /images/20220829/f161c752177a46f8bcd4d1b93a075cbf.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 1]: /images/20220829/fba5d30f152443b290f2f7597bcaa4e9.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2]: /images/20220829/ba628e9b2df74ee9b106ecd686455595.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 2]: /images/20220829/c2502d1880274ba2af26b113afee2f86.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 3]: /images/20220829/d3f876d3d4fe48bca8bc70ba5944b6a5.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 3]: /images/20220829/82ab246407bc4244a015ab9e7fb92419.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 4]: /images/20220829/6efaec9bd8274f1aa1977c7ace86caa6.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 4]: /images/20220829/f5320ac184724bab89bd6a36de1fb220.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 5]: /images/20220829/bd412c2094944b71b3188baed718fc67.png
[https_docs.oracle.com_javase_tutorial_2d_advanced_quality.html]: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/2d/advanced/quality.html
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 6]: /images/20220829/49db1943d2c3423ea48781a9fef2bd2a.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_12_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 5]: /images/20220829/f16384d4914a46da826efd81aa14d69c.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 7]: /images/20220829/55d4166dc1234df8ac1da006db09cdc4.png
[bd765d6e97154ba69515f2386b7d79dd.png]: /images/20220829/65770af6bdb44046a929093fcaf084ee.png
[watermark_type_ZHJvaWRzYW5zZmFsbGJhY2s_shadow_50_text_Q1NETiBA5oCS5pS-ZGXnlJ_lkb0yMDEw_size_20_color_FFFFFF_t_70_g_se_x_16 8]: /images/20220829/07e3596500ee436788bb5abc65f477b6.png