python3我的模块-对项目中的文件进行文本替换

待我称王封你为后i 2022-09-09 11:00 154阅读 0赞

**1.内容简介：**

在Linux中，可以用sed进行文本的查找和替换。再结合python，可以将整个项目的关键文本进行替换。

**2. 脚本程序：**将"./test\_a"目录下的（保括子目录）下的所有文件内容中的“green”改为“blue”

程序清单：

import os
    ##第一步、加载文件，获取文件路径以及标签
    
    '''
    fstr:文件路径
    old_str:查找的字符串
    new_str:替换后的字符串
    '''
    def build_sed_cmd(fstr,old_str,new_str):
        sed_cmd = "sed -i " + "\"" + "\""+ " "+ "\"" + "s/" + old_str + "/" + new_str + "/g" + "\"" + " " + fstr
        return sed_cmd
    
    def replace_str(path,dir,old_str,new_str):
        dirs = os.listdir(path)
        for a in dirs:
            # print(a)
            fstr = path+"/"+a
            # print(fstr)
            print(os.path.isfile(fstr))
            #
            # sed -i "" "s/green/blue/g" abc_sed/*.txt  //green->blue
    
            if os.path.isfile(fstr):
                t = '$'
                if t in fstr:
                    split_arr = fstr.split('$')
                    res_str = ""
                    for s in split_arr:
                        res_str = res_str + s + "\$"
                    print("res_str:" + res_str)
                    fstr = res_str[:-2]
                print("fstr:" + fstr)
    
                #sed_cmd = "sed -i " + "\"" + "\""+ " "+ "\"" + "s/green/blue/g" + "\"" + " " + fstr
                sed_cmd = build_sed_cmd(fstr,old_str,new_str)
                print("sed_cmd:" + sed_cmd)
                status=os.system(sed_cmd)
                print(status)
                allpath.append(dirs)
                if dir!="":
                    lllables.append(dir)
            else:
                replace_str(str(path)+"/"+str(a),a)
             ##循环遍历这个文件夹
     
        return allpath,lllables
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        print("main==begin===")
        test_path="./test_a"
        allpath=[]
        lllables=[]
    
        oldstr = "green"
        newstr = "blue"
    
        [allpath,lllables]=replace_str(test_path,"",oldstr,newstr)   
        print("main==end===")

运行结果：

> 将"./test\_a"目录下的（保括子目录）下的所有文件内容中的“green”改为“blue”
> 
> while\_loop.py
> 
> aibook@aibookdeMacBook-Pro chaper % cat test\_a/a.txt
> 
> red yello blue **green** orange
> 
> whiteblackgreenred aibook@aibookdeMacBook-Pro chaper % python replace\_str.py
> 
> main==begin===
> 
> True
> 
> fstr:./test\_a/b.txt
> 
> sed\_cmd:sed -i "" "s/green/blue/g" ./test\_a/b.txt
> 
> 0
> 
> True
> 
> fstr:./test\_a/a.txt
> 
> sed\_cmd:sed -i "" "s/green/blue/g" ./test\_a/a.txt
> 
> 0
> 
> main==end===
> 
> aibook@aibookdeMacBook-Pro chaper % cat test\_a/a.txt
> 
> red yello blue **blue** orange
> 
> whiteblackbluered aibook@aibookdeMacBook-Pro chaper % cat test\_a/b.txt
> 
> blue orange
> 
> a blue red **blue**

说明：

使用递归调用replace\_str方法。

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python脚本，事半功倍。