latex3的基本介绍

Myth丶恋晨 2022-09-07 05:58 299阅读 0赞

**目录**

如何使用LATEX3

基本语法

参数类型

声明变量

使用变量

声明函数

实例

实例1

实例2

实例3

实例4

实例5

实例6

实例7

查阅函数文档

宏展开

控制宏展开的意义

方法一：选择正确的函数变体

方法二：使用\\exp\_args:函数

方法三：使用\\cs\_generate\_variant:Nn函数

实例

实例1

实例2

--------------------

# 如何使用LATEX3 #

## **基本语法** ##

*  \\usepackage\{expl3\}
 *  启用LATEX3语法：\\ExplSyntaxOn
 *  关闭LATEX3语法：\\ExplSyntaxOffs
 *  注意事项：
    
     *  所有空格及换行都会被忽略
     *  下划线（\_）和冒号（:）等同于英文字母

## 参数类型 ##

<table style="width:500px;"> 
 <tbody> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">tl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">凭据表</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">str&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">字符串</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">int</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">整型</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">fp</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">浮点数</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">seq</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">队列</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">dim</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">尺度/长度</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">bool</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">布尔型</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">N</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">接收一个命令，传递命令本身</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">n</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;"> <p>接收一个凭据表</p> </td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">p</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">接收参数列表(#1#2)</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">V</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">与N类似，但是传递命令的值</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">o&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">与n类似，但是对凭据表内的内容进行一次展开</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">x</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">与n类似，但是对凭据表的内容进行递归展开</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">T/F&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">与n类似，用于判断语句中，根据判断结果执行T/F代码</td> 
  </tr> 
  <tr> 
   <td style="width:108px;">c</td> 
   <td style="width:390px;">接收一个凭据表，返回以其为名字的命令</td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

## 声明变量 ##

使用new结尾的函数

*  \\bool\_new:N
 *  \\int\_new:N
 *  \\seq\_new:N
 *  \\dim\_new:N
 *  \\fp\_new:N

## 使用变量 ##

使用use结尾的函数

*  \\bool\_use:N
 *  \\int\_use:N
 *  \\seq\_use:N
 *  \\dim\_use:N
 *  \\fp\_use:N

## 声明函数 ##

使用**\\cs\_set:Npn**来声明函数

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{ctex}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \cs_set:Npn \my_function:n #1{
        你输了： #1
    }
    \par\my_function:n {一}
    \par\my_function:n {二}
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

![2021082311483088.png][]

## 实例 ##

### **实例1** ###

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    %LaTex3 代码
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

### 实例2 ###

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \int_new:N \l_my_tmpa_int
    \int_new:N \l_my_tmpb_int
    \int_set:Nn \l_my_tmpa_int {200}
    \int_set:Nn \l_my_tmpb_int {10}
    \int_eval:n {\l_my_tmpa_int+\l_my_tmpb_int}
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

### ![20210823120436354.png][] ###

### 实例3 ###

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \int_step_inline:nn {20}{
            #1,\quad
            }
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

### ![20210823120818560.png][] ###

### 实例4 ###

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \int_step_inline:nnn {10}{20}{
            #1,\quad
            }
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

### ![20210823121141977.png][] ###

### 实例5 ###

计算1+2+3+...+100=？

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \int_set:Nn \l_tmpa_int {0}
    \int_step_inline:nn {100}{
        \int_add:Nn \l_tmpa_int{#1}
    }
    \int_use:N \l_tmpa_int
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

或者![20210823123050816.png][]

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \int_set:Nn \l_tmpa_int{1}
    \int_set:Nn \l_tmpb_int{0}
    \int_do_while:nNnn {\l_tmpa_int}<{101}{
        \int_add:Nn \l_tmpb_int {\l_tmpa_int}
        \int_incr:N \l_tmpa_int
    }
    \int_use:N \l_tmpb_int
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

诸如\\int\_do\_until:nNnn, \\bool\_do\_until:nn 等语句每一次循环就进行一次判断，直到判断为真。

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \int_set:Nn \l_tmpa_int {1}
    \int_set:Nn \l_tmpb_int {0}
    \int_do_until:nNnn {\l_tmpa_int}>{100}{
        \int_add:Nn \l_tmpb_int {\l_tmpa_int}
        \int_incr:N \l_tmpa_int
    }
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

### 实例6 ###

外层循环\#1，内层循环\#\#1

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \cs_set:Npn \my_factorial:n  #1 {
        \int_set:Nn \l_tmpa_int {1}
        \seq_clear:N \l_tmpa_seq
        \int_step_inline:nn {#1}{
            \seq_put_right:Nn \l_tmpa_seq {##1}
            \int_set:Nn \l_tmpa_int {\l_tmpa_int * ##1}
        }
        $\seq_use:Nn \l_tmpa_seq {\times}=\int_use:N \l_tmpa_int$
    }
    \par\my_factorial:n {3}
    \par\my_factorial:n {7}
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

![20210823112218352.png][]

### 实例7 ###

\documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{expl3}
    \usepackage{tikz}
    \begin{document}
    \ExplSyntaxOn
    \begin{tikzpicture}
      \int_step_inline:nnn {0}{17}{
        \fp_set:Nn \l_tmpa_fp {20*(#1)*\c_one_degree_fp}
        \node[minimum~width=1.5mm, fill=blue, draw=none,circle,inner~sep=0pt]
        at (\fp_eval:n {cos(\l_tmpa_fp)}, \fp_eval:n {sin(\l_tmpa_fp)}){};
      }
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \ExplSyntaxOff
    \end{document}

# ![20210823124825806.png][] #

# 查阅函数文档 #

[https://mirrors.dgut.edu.cn/CTAN/macros/latex/contrib/l3kernel/interface3.pdf][https_mirrors.dgut.edu.cn_CTAN_macros_latex_contrib_l3kernel_interface3.pdf]

# 宏展开 #

## 控制宏展开的意义 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 1][]

## ![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 2][]方法一：选择正确的函数变体 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 3][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 4][]

## 方法二：使用\\exp\_args:函数 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 5][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 6][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 7][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 8][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 9][]

## 方法三：使用\\cs\_generate\_variant:Nn函数 ##

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 10][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 11][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 12][]

## 实例 ##

### 实例1 ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 13][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 14][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 15][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 16][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 17][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 18][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 19][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 20][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 21][]

### 实例2![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 22][] ###

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 23][]

![watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L3FxXzE4MDU1MTY3_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70 24][]

[2021082311483088.png]: /images/20220829/0dd2251ac2ea49548a9e6ab47dd1182e.png
[20210823120436354.png]: /images/20220829/932746ec3f7d4d45886f360be535c7b3.png
[20210823120818560.png]: /images/20220829/c076927cc0ad4385ac17390507913dda.png
[20210823121141977.png]: /images/20220829/b8a4bd411dfe4e10bf0bb46d42e04007.png
[20210823123050816.png]: /images/20220829/fe1a2b2c87d24d7fa2685c8116199a43.png
[20210823112218352.png]: /images/20220829/40f316f8b3894579859ad8b2c00d5eea.png
[20210823124825806.png]: /images/20220829/9d8cec1abe6e43a79c2c45daecb9a20c.png
[https_mirrors.dgut.edu.cn_CTAN_macros_latex_contrib_l3kernel_interface3.pdf]: https://mirrors.dgut.edu.cn/CTAN/macros/latex/contrib/l3kernel/interface3.pdf
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