Linux环境mysql8压缩包安装(图文超详细)

向右看齐 2022-09-05 05:29 505阅读 0赞

# 1.准备 #

环境：CentOS7/Linux

# 2.官网下载 #

[mysql官网下载][mysql] ，具体如下

![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2Fe3fc1f2ef3592cfa5d00255faa4edee9517c331b.png_alt_media][] ![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2F145a1032c0b427d6646429e097df7bb3f48dd27b.png_alt_media][] ![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2F8df1f030bf062e69f674e5077c4ccbd9c36ae23e.png_alt_media][] ![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2F99a6867d1d9aa6fca4f9b34d252cee8c16682368.png_alt_media][] ![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2Ffa261ef53b5758f0d7aee4fbe4c7ed7f6941f6c3.png_alt_media][]

去服务器下载

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.25-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2F87e6b90183c06f692f3c2922cc1d8094b2d75e58.png_alt_media][]

# 3.安装 #

解压缩

tar -xzvf mysql-8.0.25-el7-x86_64.tar.gz

![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2F4a1929aeaa5bd9888f12022399e62b44f51b217e.png_alt_media][]

编辑 /etc/my.cnf 文件（mysql8通用配置，没有该文件则新建）：

vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
    # 设置3306端口
    port=3306
    # 设置mysql的安装目录
    basedir=mysql安装目录
    # 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
    datadir=mysql数据的存放目录
    # 允许最大连接数
    max_connections=200
    # 允许连接失败的次数。这是为了防止有人从该主机试图攻击数据库系统
    max_connect_errors=10
    # 服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8
    character-set-server=utf8mb4
    # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
    default-storage-engine=INNODB
    # 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证
    default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
    
    user=mysql
    lower_case_table_names=1
    default-time-zone='+8:00'
    sql_mode=NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE
    
    [client]
    # 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
    port=3306
    default-character-set=utf8mb4

![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2F679283c9969a8b7dba6cc234f64c00853b0db810.png_alt_media][]

初始化mysql

cd mysql-8.0.25-el7-x86_64
    bin/mysqld --initialize --console

初始化完会有个临时密码，记得保存下来，一会需要修改密码(必须改)

有可能会安装失败缺少libnuma.so.1库(如果能成功安装，忽略这个)

通过如下命令安装libnuma.so.1库
    yum install numactl -y

将MySQL服务加入自启动：

cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
    chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
    # 加入自启动
    chkconfig --add mysql
    # 检查服务是否生效
    chkconfig --list mysql

具体过程，如下图（只需注意红框的代码）：

(我操作过程也遇到不少错，主要是和以前版本不太一样)

![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2Fcc24ad4fdfdfe6e8b541889585aabab0cab911e1.png_alt_media][]

# 4.修改密码 #

./bin/mysql -u root -p
    # 输入密码
    alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '你要修改的密码';
    # 下图的密码为 root@123456

![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2Fa5b0974fcad25125d81007f61a88e020341c3c80.png_alt_media][]

# 5.卸载 #

若过程出现操作不当，需要卸载MySQL也很简单，因为是压缩包安装，所以只有两步

关闭MySQL服务：

service mysql stop

删除MySQL文件：

rm -rf $(find / -name mysql)

![assets_2F-MhDzDd_4O-YwQrXjtUl_2Fsync_2F519c64844907fe7be1e26f3f7bd0d4ec1c3532ce.png_alt_media][]

[mysql]: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/
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