Java获取任意字符串的首字母

小灰灰 2022-09-04 02:53 202阅读 0赞

/**
     * 取得给定汉字串的首字母串,即声母串
     *
     * 注：只支持GB2312字符集中的汉字
     */
    /**
     * Description
     * Create by zhaoshuxiang
     * Date 2021/8/10 15:04
     */
    public class StringUtils {
    
        private final static int[] areaCode = { 1601, 1637, 1833, 2078, 2274,
                2302, 2433, 2594, 2787, 3106, 3212, 3472, 3635, 3722, 3730, 3858,
                4027, 4086, 4390, 4558, 4684, 4925, 5249, 5590 };
        private final static String[] letters = { "a", "b", "c", "d", "e",
                "f", "g", "h", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s",
                "t", "w", "x", "y", "z" };
    
        /**
         * 取得给定汉字的首字母,即声母
         * @param chinese 给定的汉字
         * @return 给定汉字的声母
         */
        public static String getFirstLetter(String chinese) {
            if (chinese == null || chinese.trim().length() == 0) {
                return "";
            }
            chinese = conversionStr(chinese, "GB2312", "ISO8859-1");
    
            if (chinese.length() > 1) // 判断是不是汉字
            {
                int li_SectorCode = (int) chinese.charAt(0); // 汉字区码
                int li_PositionCode = (int) chinese.charAt(1); // 汉字位码
                li_SectorCode = li_SectorCode - 160;
                li_PositionCode = li_PositionCode - 160;
                int li_SecPosCode = li_SectorCode * 100 + li_PositionCode; // 汉字区位码
                if (li_SecPosCode > 1600 && li_SecPosCode < 5590) {
                    for (int i = 0; i < 23; i++) {
                        if (li_SecPosCode >= areaCode[i]
                                && li_SecPosCode < areaCode[i + 1]) {
                            chinese = letters[i];
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                } else // 非汉字字符,如图形符号或ASCII码
                {
                    chinese = conversionStr(chinese, "ISO8859-1", "GB2312");
                    chinese = chinese.substring(0, 1);
                }
            }
    
            return chinese.toUpperCase();
        }
    
        /**
         * 字符串编码转换
         * @param str 要转换编码的字符串
         * @param charsetName 原来的编码
         * @param toCharsetName 转换后的编码
         * @return 经过编码转换后的字符串
         */
        private static String conversionStr(String str, String charsetName,String toCharsetName) {
            try {
                str = new String(str.getBytes(charsetName), toCharsetName);
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
                System.out.println("字符串编码转换异常：" + ex.getMessage());
            }
            return str;
        }
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            String s = getFirstLetter("子非鱼");
            System.out.println(s); // => "z"
        }
    }