C++ Primer - 5th Edition - 书中源代码 - 课后习题答案

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#  C++ Primer - 5th Edition - 书中源代码 - 课后习题答案 #

C++ Primer - 5th Edition - 书中源代码

## 1. Downloads ##

Download the source files for `GCC 4.7.0.`  
[https://www.informit.com/content/images/9780321714114/downloads/GCC\_4\_7\_0.zip][https_www.informit.com_content_images_9780321714114_downloads_GCC_4_7_0.zip]

Download the source code files for `MS Visual Studio 2012`  
[https://www.informit.com/content/images/9780321714114/downloads/VisualStudio2012.zip][https_www.informit.com_content_images_9780321714114_downloads_VisualStudio2012.zip]

![在这里插入图片描述][watermark_type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk_shadow_10_text_aHR0cHM6Ly9ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0L2NoZW5neXExMTY_size_16_color_FFFFFF_t_70_pic_center]

## 2. C++ Primer 5 Answers(C++11/14) - 课后习题答案 ##

[https://github.com/Mooophy/Cpp-Primer][https_github.com_Mooophy_Cpp-Primer]

## 3. Table of contents - 目录表 ##

Title Page
    Copyright Page
    Dedication Page
    Contents
    New Features in C++11
    Preface
    Why Read This Book?
    Changes to the Fifth Edition
    Structure of This Book
    Aids to the Reader
    A Note about Compilers
    Acknowledgments
    Chapter 1. Getting Started
    Contents
    1.1. Writing a Simple C++ Program
    1.1.1. Compiling and Executing Our Program
    1.2. A First Look at Input/Output
    Standard Input and Output Objects
    A Program That Uses the IO Library
    Writing to a Stream
    Using Names from the Standard Library
    Reading from a Stream
    Completing the Program
    1.3. A Word about Comments
    Kinds of Comments in C++
    Comment Pairs Do Not Nest
    1.4. Flow of Control
    1.4.1. The while Statement
    1.4.2. The for Statement
    1.4.3. Reading an Unknown Number of Inputs
    1.4.4. The if Statement
    1.5. Introducing Classes
    1.5.1. The Sales_item Class
    1.5.2. A First Look at Member Functions
    1.6. The Bookstore Program
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Part I. The Basics
    Contents
    Chapter 2. Variables and Basic Types
    Contents
    2.1. Primitive Built-in Types
    2.1.1. Arithmetic Types
    2.1.2. Type Conversions
    2.1.3. Literals
    2.2. Variables - 变量
    2.2.1. Variable Definitions - 变量定义
    2.2.2. Variable Declarations and Definitions - 变量声明和定义的关系
    2.2.3. Identifiers
    2.2.4. Scope of a Name
    2.3. Compound Types - 复合类型
    2.3.1. References - 引用
    2.3.2. Pointers - 指针
    2.3.3. Understanding Compound Type Declarations - 理解复合类型的声明
    2.4. const Qualifier - const 限定符
    2.4.1. References to const - const 的引用
    2.4.2. Pointers and const - 指针和 const
    2.4.3. Top-Level const - 顶层 const
    2.4.4. constexpr and Constant Expressions - constexpr 和常量表达式
    2.5. Dealing with Types
    2.5.1. Type Aliases
    2.5.2. The auto Type Specifier
    2.5.3. The decltype Type Specifier
    2.6. Defining Our Own Data Structures
    2.6.1. Defining the Sales_data Type
    2.6.2. Using the Sales_data Class
    2.6.3. Writing Our Own Header Files
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 3. Strings, Vectors, and Arrays
    Contents
    3.1. Namespace using Declarations - 命名空间的 using 声明
    3.2. Library string Type
    3.2.1. Defining and Initializing strings
    3.2.2. Operations on strings
    3.2.3. Dealing with the Characters in a string
    3.3. Library vector Type
    3.3.1. Defining and Initializing vectors
    3.3.2. Adding Elements to a vector
    3.3.3. Other vector Operations
    3.4. Introducing Iterators
    3.4.1. Using Iterators
    3.4.2. Iterator Arithmetic
    3.5. Arrays
    3.5.1. Defining and Initializing Built-in Arrays
    3.5.2. Accessing the Elements of an Array
    3.5.3. Pointers and Arrays
    3.5.4. C-Style Character Strings
    3.5.5. Interfacing to Older Code
    3.6. Multidimensional Arrays
    Initializing the Elements of a Multidimensional Array
    Subscripting a Multidimensional Array
    Using a Range for with Multidimensional Arrays
    Pointers and Multidimensional Arrays
    Type Aliases Simplify Pointers to Multidimensional Arrays
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 4. Expressions
    Contents
    4.1. Fundamentals
    4.1.1. Basic Concepts
    4.1.2. Precedence and Associativity
    4.1.3. Order of Evaluation
    4.2. Arithmetic Operators
    4.3. Logical and Relational Operators
    Logical AND and OR Operators
    Logical NOT Operator
    The Relational Operators
    Equality Tests and the bool Literals
    4.4. Assignment Operators - 赋值运算符
    4.5. Increment and Decrement Operators - 递增和递减运算符
    4.6. The Member Access Operators
    4.7. The Conditional Operator
    Nesting Conditional Operations
    Using a Conditional Operator in an Output Expression
    4.8. The Bitwise Operators
    Bitwise Shift Operators
    Bitwise NOT Operator
    Bitwise AND, OR, and XOR Operators
    Using Bitwise Operators
    Shift Operators (aka IO Operators) Are Left Associative
    4.9. The sizeof Operator
    4.10. Comma Operator
    4.11. Type Conversions
    When Implicit Conversions Occur
    4.11.1. The Arithmetic Conversions
    4.11.2. Other Implicit Conversions
    4.11.3. Explicit Conversions
    4.12. Operator Precedence Table - 运算符优先级表
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 5. Statements
    Contents
    5.1. Simple Statements
    Null Statements
    Beware of Missing or Extraneous Semicolons
    Compound Statements (Blocks)
    5.2. Statement Scope
    5.3. Conditional Statements
    5.3.1. The if Statement
    5.3.2. The switch Statement
    5.4. Iterative Statements
    5.4.1. The while Statement
    5.4.2. Traditional for Statement
    5.4.3. Range for Statement
    5.4.4. The do while Statement
    5.5. Jump Statements
    5.5.1. The break Statement
    5.5.2. The continue Statement
    5.5.3. The goto Statement
    5.6. try Blocks and Exception Handling
    5.6.1. A throw Expression
    5.6.2. The try Block
    5.6.3. Standard Exceptions
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 6. Functions
    Contents
    6.1. Function Basics
    Writing a Function
    Calling a Function
    Parameters and Arguments
    Function Parameter List
    Function Return Type
    6.1.1. Local Objects
    6.1.2. Function Declarations
    6.1.3. Separate Compilation
    6.2. Argument Passing
    6.2.1. Passing Arguments by Value
    6.2.2. Passing Arguments by Reference
    6.2.3. const Parameters and Arguments
    6.2.4. Array Parameters
    6.2.5. main: Handling Command-Line Options
    6.2.6. Functions with Varying Parameters
    6.3. Return Types and the return Statement
    6.3.1. Functions with No Return Value
    6.3.2. Functions That Return a Value
    6.3.3. Returning a Pointer to an Array
    6.4. Overloaded Functions
    Defining Overloaded Functions
    Determining Whether Two Parameter Types Differ
    Overloading and const Parameters
    const_cast and Overloading
    Calling an Overloaded Function
    6.4.1. Overloading and Scope
    6.5. Features for Specialized Uses
    6.5.1. Default Arguments
    6.5.2. Inline and constexpr Functions - 内联函数和 constexpr 函数
    6.5.3. Aids for Debugging
    6.6. Function Matching
    Determining the Candidate and Viable Functions
    Finding the Best Match, If Any
    Function Matching with Multiple Parameters
    6.6.1. Argument Type Conversions
    6.7. Pointers to Functions
    Using Function Pointers
    Pointers to Overloaded Functions
    Function Pointer Parameters
    Returning a Pointer to Function
    Using auto or decltype for Function Pointer Types
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 7. Classes - 类
    7.1. Defining Abstract Data Types - 定义抽象数据类型
    7.1.1. Designing the Sales_data Class - 设计 Sales_data 类
    7.1.2. Defining the Revised Sales_data Class - 定义改进的 Sales_data 类
    7.1.3. Defining Nonmember Class-Related Functions - 定义类相关的非成员函数
    7.1.4. Constructors - 构造函数
    7.1.5. Copy, Assignment, and Destruction - 拷贝、赋值和析构
    7.2. Access Control and Encapsulation - 访问控制与封装
    7.2.1. Friends - 友元
    7.3. Additional Class Features - 类的其他特性
    7.3.1. Class Members Revisited - 类成员再探
    7.3.2. Functions That Return *this - 返回 *this 的成员函数
    7.3.3. Class Types - 类类型
    7.3.4. Friendship Revisited - 友元再探
    7.4. Class Scope - 类的作用域
    7.4.1. Name Lookup and Class Scope - 名字查找与类的作用域
    7.5. Constructors Revisited - 构造函数再探
    7.5.1. Constructor Initializer List  - 构造函数初始值列表
    7.5.2. Delegating Constructors - 委托构造函数
    7.5.3. The Role of the Default Constructor - 默认构造函数的作用
    7.5.4. Implicit Class-Type Conversions - 隐式的类类型转换
    7.5.5. Aggregate Classes - 聚合类
    7.5.6. Literal Classes - 字面值常量类
    7.6. static Class Members - 类的静态成员
    Chapter Summary - 小结
    Defined Terms - 术语表
    Part II. The C++ Library - C++ 标准库
    Chapter 8. The IO Library
    8.1. The IO Classes
    Relationships among the IO Types
    8.1.1. No Copy or Assign for IO Objects
    8.1.2. Condition States
    8.1.3. Managing the Output Buffer
    8.2. File Input and Output
    8.2.1. Using File Stream Objects
    8.2.2. File Modes
    8.3. string Streams
    8.3.1. Using an istringstream
    8.3.2. Using ostringstreams
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 9. Sequential Containers
    Contents
    9.1. Overview of the Sequential Containers
    Deciding Which Sequential Container to Use
    9.2. Container Library Overview
    Constraints on Types That a Container Can Hold
    9.2.1. Iterators
    9.2.2. Container Type Members
    9.2.3. begin and end Members
    9.2.4. Defining and Initializing a Container
    9.2.5. Assignment and swap
    9.2.6. Container Size Operations
    9.2.7. Relational Operators
    9.3. Sequential Container Operations
    9.3.1. Adding Elements to a Sequential Container
    9.3.2. Accessing Elements
    9.3.3. Erasing Elements
    9.3.4. Specialized forward_list Operations
    9.3.5. Resizing a Container
    9.3.6. Container Operations May Invalidate Iterators
    9.4. How a vector Grows
    Members to Manage Capacity
    capacity and size
    9.5. Additional string Operations
    9.5.1. Other Ways to Construct strings
    9.5.2. Other Ways to Change a string
    9.5.3. string Search Operations
    9.5.4. The compare Functions
    9.5.5. Numeric Conversions
    9.6. Container Adaptors
    Defining an Adaptor
    Stack Adaptor
    The Queue Adaptors
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 10. Generic Algorithms
    Contents
    10.1. Overview
    How the Algorithms Work
    Iterators Make the Algorithms Container Independent, ...
    ...But Algorithms Do Depend on Element-Type Operations
    10.2. A First Look at the Algorithms
    10.2.1. Read-Only Algorithms
    10.2.2. Algorithms That Write Container Elements
    10.2.3. Algorithms That Reorder Container Elements
    10.3. Customizing Operations
    10.3.1. Passing a Function to an Algorithm
    10.3.2. Lambda Expressions
    10.3.3. Lambda Captures and Returns
    10.3.4. Binding Arguments
    10.4. Revisiting Iterators
    10.4.1. Insert Iterators
    10.4.2. iostream Iterators
    10.4.3. Reverse Iterators
    10.5. Structure of Generic Algorithms
    10.5.1. The Five Iterator Categories
    10.5.2. Algorithm Parameter Patterns
    10.5.3. Algorithm Naming Conventions
    10.6. Container-Specific Algorithms
    The splice Members
    The List-Specific Operations Do Change the Containers
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 11. Associative Containers
    Contents
    11.1. Using an Associative Container
    Using a map
    Using a set
    11.2. Overview of the Associative Containers
    11.2.1. Defining an Associative Container
    11.2.2. Requirements on Key Type
    11.2.3. The pair Type
    11.3. Operations on Associative Containers
    11.3.1. Associative Container Iterators
    11.3.2. Adding Elements
    11.3.3. Erasing Elements
    11.3.4. Subscripting a map
    11.3.5. Accessing Elements
    11.3.6. A Word Transformation Map
    11.4. The Unordered Containers
    Using an Unordered Container
    Managing the Buckets
    Requirements on Key Type for Unordered Containers
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 12. Dynamic Memory
    Contents
    12.1. Dynamic Memory and Smart Pointers
    12.1.1. The shared_ptr Class
    12.1.2. Managing Memory Directly
    12.1.3. Using shared_ptrs with new
    12.1.4. Smart Pointers and Exceptions
    12.1.5. unique_ptr
    12.1.6. weak_ptr
    12.2. Dynamic Arrays
    12.2.1. new and Arrays
    12.2.2. The allocator Class
    12.3. Using the Library: A Text-Query Program
    12.3.1. Design of the Query Program
    12.3.2. Defining the Query Program Classes
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Part III. Tools for Class Authors
    Contents
    Chapter 13. Copy Control
    Contents
    13.1. Copy, Assign, and Destroy
    13.1.1. The Copy Constructor
    13.1.2. The Copy-Assignment Operator
    13.1.3. The Destructor
    13.1.4. The Rule of Three/Five
    13.1.5. Using = default
    13.1.6. Preventing Copies
    13.2. Copy Control and Resource Management
    13.2.1. Classes That Act Like Values
    13.2.2. Defining Classes That Act Like Pointers
    13.3. Swap
    Writing Our Own swap Function
    swap Functions Should Call swap, Not std::swap
    Using swap in Assignment Operators
    13.4. A Copy-Control Example
    The Message Class
    The save and remove Members
    Copy Control for the Message Class
    The Message Destructor
    Message Copy-Assignment Operator
    A swap Function for Message
    13.5. Classes That Manage Dynamic Memory
    StrVec Class Design
    StrVec Class Definition
    Using construct
    The alloc_n_copy Member
    The free Member
    Copy-Control Members
    Moving, Not Copying, Elements during Reallocation
    Move Constructors and std::move
    The reallocate Member
    13.6. Moving Objects
    13.6.1. Rvalue References
    13.6.2. Move Constructor and Move Assignment
    13.6.3. Rvalue References and Member Functions
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 14. Overloaded Operations and Conversions - 重载运算与类型转换
    14.1. Basic Concepts - 基本概念
    14.2. Input and Output Operators - 输入和输出运算符
    14.2.1. Overloading the Output Operator << - 重载输出运算符 <<
    14.2.2. Overloading the Input Operator >> - 重载输入运算符 >>
    14.3. Arithmetic and Relational Operators - 算术和关系运算符
    14.3.1. Equality Operators - 相等运算符
    14.3.2. Relational Operators - 关系运算符
    14.4. Assignment Operators
    Compound-Assignment Operators
    14.5. Subscript Operator
    14.6. Increment and Decrement Operators
    Defining Prefix Increment/Decrement Operators
    Differentiating Prefix and Postfix Operators
    Calling the Postfix Operators Explicitly
    14.7. Member Access Operators
    Constraints on the Return from Operator Arrow
    14.8. Function-Call Operator
    Function-Object Classes with State
    14.8.1. Lambdas Are Function Objects
    14.8.2. Library-Defined Function Objects
    14.8.3. Callable Objects and function
    14.9. Overloading, Conversions, and Operators
    14.9.1. Conversion Operators
    14.9.2. Avoiding Ambiguous Conversions
    14.9.3. Function Matching and Overloaded Operators
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 15. Object-Oriented Programming
    Contents
    15.1. OOP: An Overview
    Inheritance
    Dynamic Binding
    15.2. Defining Base and Derived Classes
    15.2.1. Defining a Base Class
    15.2.2. Defining a Derived Class
    15.2.3. Conversions and Inheritance
    15.3. Virtual Functions
    Calls to Virtual Functions May Be Resolved at Run Time
    Virtual Functions in a Derived Class
    The final and override Specifiers
    Virtual Functions and Default Arguments
    Circumventing the Virtual Mechanism
    15.4. Abstract Base Classes
    Pure Virtual Functions
    Classes with Pure Virtuals Are Abstract Base Classes
    A Derived Class Constructor Initializes Its Direct Base Class Only
    15.5. Access Control and Inheritance
    protected Members
    public, private, and protected
    Accessibility of Derived-to-Base Conversion
    Friendship and Inheritance
    Exempting Individual Members
    Default Inheritance Protection Levels
    15.6. Class Scope under Inheritance
    Name Lookup Happens at Compile Time
    Name Collisions and Inheritance
    Using the Scope Operator to Use Hidden Members
    As Usual, Name Lookup Happens before Type Checking
    Virtual Functions and Scope
    Calling a Hidden Virtual through the Base Class
    Overriding Overloaded Functions
    15.7. Constructors and Copy Control
    15.7.1. Virtual Destructors
    15.7.2. Synthesized Copy Control and Inheritance
    15.7.3. Derived-Class Copy-Control Members
    15.7.4. Inherited Constructors
    15.8. Containers and Inheritance
    Put (Smart) Pointers, Not Objects, in Containers
    15.8.1. Writing a Basket Class
    15.9. Text Queries Revisited
    15.9.1. An Object-Oriented Solution
    15.9.2. The Query_base and Query Classes
    15.9.3. The Derived Classes
    15.9.4. The eval Functions
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 16. Templates and Generic Programming
    Contents
    16.1. Defining a Template
    16.1.1. Function Templates
    16.1.2. Class Templates
    16.1.3. Template Parameters
    16.1.4. Member Templates
    16.1.5. Controlling Instantiations
    16.1.6. Efficiency and Flexibility
    16.2. Template Argument Deduction
    16.2.1. Conversions and Template Type Parameters
    16.2.2. Function-Template Explicit Arguments
    16.2.3. Trailing Return Types and Type Transformation
    16.2.4. Function Pointers and Argument Deduction
    16.2.5. Template Argument Deduction and References
    16.2.6. Understanding std::move
    16.2.7. Forwarding
    16.3. Overloading and Templates
    Writing Overloaded Templates
    Multiple Viable Templates
    Nontemplate and Template Overloads
    Overloaded Templates and Conversions
    Missing Declarations Can Cause the Program to Misbehave
    16.4. Variadic Templates
    The sizeof... Operator
    16.4.1. Writing a Variadic Function Template
    16.4.2. Pack Expansion
    16.4.3. Forwarding Parameter Packs
    16.5. Template Specializations
    Defining a Function Template Specialization
    Function Overloading versus Template Specializations
    Class Template Specializations
    Class-Template Partial Specializations
    Specializing Members but Not the Class
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Part IV. Advanced Topics
    Contents
    Chapter 17. Specialized Library Facilities
    Contents
    17.1. The tuple Type
    17.1.1. Defining and Initializing tuples
    17.1.2. Using a tuple to Return Multiple Values
    17.2. The bitset Type
    17.2.1. Defining and Initializing bitsets
    17.2.2. Operations on bitsets
    17.3. Regular Expressions
    17.3.1. Using the Regular Expression Library
    17.3.2. The Match and Regex Iterator Types
    17.3.3. Using Subexpressions
    17.3.4. Using regex_replace
    17.4. Random Numbers
    17.4.1. Random-Number Engines and Distribution
    17.4.2. Other Kinds of Distributions
    17.5. The IO Library Revisited
    17.5.1. Formatted Input and Output
    17.5.2. Unformatted Input/Output Operations
    17.5.3. Random Access to a Stream
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 18. Tools for Large Programs
    Contents
    18.1. Exception Handling
    18.1.1. Throwing an Exception
    18.1.2. Catching an Exception
    18.1.3. Function try Blocks and Constructors
    18.1.4. The noexcept Exception Specification
    18.1.5. Exception Class Hierarchies
    18.2. Namespaces
    18.2.1. Namespace Definitions
    18.2.2. Using Namespace Members
    18.2.3. Classes, Namespaces, and Scope
    18.2.4. Overloading and Namespaces
    18.3. Multiple and Virtual Inheritance
    18.3.1. Multiple Inheritance
    18.3.2. Conversions and Multiple Base Classes
    18.3.3. Class Scope under Multiple Inheritance
    18.3.4. Virtual Inheritance
    18.3.5. Constructors and Virtual Inheritance
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Chapter 19. Specialized Tools and Techniques
    Contents
    19.1. Controlling Memory Allocation
    19.1.1. Overloading new and delete
    19.1.2. Placement new Expressions
    19.2. Run-Time Type Identification
    19.2.1. The dynamic_cast Operator
    19.2.2. The typeid Operator
    19.2.3. Using RTTI
    19.2.4. The type_info Class
    19.3. Enumerations
    Enumerators
    Like Classes, Enumerations Define New Types
    Specifying the Size of an enum
    Forward Declarations for Enumerations
    Parameter Matching and Enumerations
    19.4. Pointer to Class Member
    19.4.1. Pointers to Data Members
    19.4.2. Pointers to Member Functions
    19.4.3. Using Member Functions as Callable Objects
    19.5. Nested Classes
    Declaring a Nested Class
    Defining a Nested Class outside of the Enclosing Class
    Defining the Members of a Nested Class
    Nested-Class static Member Definitions
    Name Lookup in Nested Class Scope
    The Nested and Enclosing Classes Are Independent
    19.6. union: A Space-Saving Class
    Defining a union
    Using a union Type
    Anonymous unions
    unions with Members of Class Type
    Using a Class to Manage union Members
    Managing the Discriminant and Destroying the string
    Managing Union Members That Require Copy Control
    19.7. Local Classes
    Local Classes May Not Use Variables from the Function’s Scope
    Normal Protection Rules Apply to Local Classes
    Name Lookup within a Local Class
    Nested Local Classes
    19.8. Inherently Nonportable Features
    19.8.1. Bit-fields
    19.8.2. volatile Qualifier
    19.8.3. Linkage Directives: extern "C"
    Chapter Summary
    Defined Terms
    Appendix A. The Library
    Contents
    A.1. Library Names and Headers
    A.2. A Brief Tour of the Algorithms
    A.2.1. Algorithms to Find an Object
    A.2.2. Other Read-Only Algorithms
    A.2.3. Binary Search Algorithms
    A.2.4. Algorithms That Write Container Elements
    A.2.5. Partitioning and Sorting Algorithms
    A.2.6. General Reordering Operations
    A.2.7. Permutation Algorithms
    A.2.8. Set Algorithms for Sorted Sequences
    A.2.9. Minimum and Maximum Values
    A.2.10. Numeric Algorithms
    A.3. Random Numbers
    A.3.1. Random Number Distributions
    A.3.2 Random Number Engines
    Index

## References ##

**C++ Primer, 5th Edition**  
[https://www.informit.com/store/c-plus-plus-primer-9780321714114][https_www.informit.com_store_c-plus-plus-primer-9780321714114]

[https_www.informit.com_content_images_9780321714114_downloads_GCC_4_7_0.zip]: https://www.informit.com/content/images/9780321714114/downloads/GCC_4_7_0.zip
[https_www.informit.com_content_images_9780321714114_downloads_VisualStudio2012.zip]: https://www.informit.com/content/images/9780321714114/downloads/VisualStudio2012.zip
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[https_github.com_Mooophy_Cpp-Primer]: https://github.com/Mooophy/Cpp-Primer
[https_www.informit.com_store_c-plus-plus-primer-9780321714114]: https://www.informit.com/store/c-plus-plus-primer-9780321714114