python爬虫-1.04实战爬取某贴吧

爱被打了一巴掌 2022-08-29 06:17 245阅读 0赞

"""
    抓取指定贴吧的指定页的数据，保存到本地
    """
    from  urllib import request,parse
    import random
    import time
    class BaiduTiebaSpider:
        def __init__(self):
            "定义常用的变量"
            self.url = 'https://tieba.baidu.com/f?kw={}&ie=utf-8&pn={}'
            self.headers = {
        
                'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.72 Safari/537.36'
               }
    
        def get_html(self,url):
            "获取相应内容的函数"
            req = request.Request(url=url,headers=self.headers)
            res = request.urlopen(req)
            html = res.read().decode('utf-8')
    
            return html
    
        def parse_html(self):
            "解析提取数据的函数"
            pass
    
        def save_html(self,filename,html):
            "数据处理函数"
            with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
                f.write(html)
    
        def run(self):
            "程序入口函数"
            name = input("请输入贴吧名称：")
            start = int(input("请输入起始页："))
            end = int(input("请输入终止页："))
            params = parse.quote(name)
            for page in  range(start,end+1):
                pn = (page-1)*50
                url = self.url.format(params,pn)
                # 发请求、解析、保存
                html = self.get_html(url)
                filename = '{}_第{}页.html'.format(name,page)
                self.save_html(filename,html)
                # 终端提示打印
                print('第%d页抓取成功' % page)
                #控制抓取的频率
                time.sleep(random.randint(1,3))
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        spider = BaiduTiebaSpider()
        spider.run()