基于 Apache 在本地配置多个虚拟主机

川长思鸟来 2022-08-27 03:43 194阅读 0赞

如何使用 Apache 在本地配置出多个虚拟主机呢？而且使用不同的“域名”来访问本地不同的站点呢？

一般情况下，咱们都使用 localhost 来访问本机上的服务器，在我们的 C:/WINDOWS/system32/drivers/etc/hosts 文件中默认有一个：

当我们在浏览器地址栏键入：

的时候，会显示出服务器根目录中的许多文件夹（若你的根目录不是只有一个站点的话），就像：

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      <code style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:pre-wrap">* mycms/</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important"> 
      <code style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:pre-wrap">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:pre-wrap">* phpMyAdmin/</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; background-color:rgb(244,244,244)!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important"> 
      <code style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:pre-wrap">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:1.8em!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:pre-wrap">* userAdminManager/</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

现在我想通过一个自定义的“域名”来访问我的根目录中的站点，譬如：

1，根目录中有一个 phpMyAdmin/ 的文件夹（倒数第二个），它是一个网页版的数据库管理系统（肯定不会陌生的吧！），我想通过访问一个简单的:

来进入这个系统（而不用输入 localhost，再点击 phpMyAdmin/ 才进入）；

2，根目录中有一个 Zendphpweb20/ 的文件夹（倒数第三个），它只是一个本地应用站点，我想通过访问：

来进入这个本地站点；

现在要干些什么呢？跟我来吧！看下面：

1> 修改系统的 hosts 文件：

打开之前说过的系统的 hosts 文件，来给我们的电脑添加两个“假的”DNS 项，加入代码：

这样，我们的浏览器就会将 dbmanager 主机名解析为 127.0.0.2，将 phpweb20 主机名解析为 127.0.0.3。

2> 修改 Apache 配置文件：

在我的本机内 Apache 的主配置文件在：

说是修改 Apache 的配置文件，其实只是添加了一些内容，因为不想修改 Apache 的主配置文件，所以我们最好在各个站点写好自己的虚拟主机配置子文件，然后使用 Include 指令将其包含到 Apache 的主配置文件里。

其实在 Apache 的主配置文件的最下方有虚拟主机的配置示例，只不过都被注释掉了：

# 基于名称的虚拟主机示例：
    
    #<VirtualHost 127.0.0.2:80>
     #   ServerAdmin admin@system
     #   DocumentRoot D:\usr\webroot\webhosting1
     #   ServerName 127.0.0.2
     #   ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
     #  CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
    #</VirtualHost>
    
    #<VirtualHost 127.0.0.3:80>
     #   ServerAdmin admin@system
     #   DocumentRoot D:\usr\webroot\webhosting2
     #   ServerName 127.0.0.3
     #   ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
     #  CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
    #</VirtualHost>
    
    #<VirtualHost 127.0.0.4:80>
     #   ServerAdmin admin@system
     #   DocumentRoot D:\usr\webroot\webhosting3
     #   ServerName 127.0.0.4
     #   ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
     #  CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
    #</VirtualHost>

在配置文件的最下方添加代码：

# 包含 dbmanager 虚拟主机配置文件
    Include D:/usr/webroot/phpMyAdmin/httpd.conf
    
    # 包含 phpweb20 虚拟主机配置文件 
    Include D:/usr/webroot/Zendphpweb20/httpd.conf

（我的 localhost 的根目录为 D:/usr/webroot/）

3> 创建各个虚拟主机的子配置文件：

创建 dbmanager 的配置文件：D:/usr/webroot/phpMyAdmin/httpd.conf

#dbmanager 虚拟主机设置
    <VirtualHost 127.0.0.2:80>
        ServerName dbmanager
        DocumentRoot D:/usr/webroot/phpMyAdmin
    
        <Directory D:/usr/webroot/phpMyAdmin>
            AllowOverride All
            Options All
        </Directory>
    </VirtualHost>

创建 phpweb20 的配置文件：D:/usr/webroot/Zendphpweb20/httpd.conf

#phpweb20 虚拟主机设置
    <VirtualHost 127.0.0.3:80>
        ServerName phpweb20
        DocumentRoot D:/usr/webroot/Zendphpweb20/htdocs
    
        <Directory D:/usr/webroot/Zendphpweb20/htdocs>
            AllowOverride All
            Options All
        </Directory>
    	
        #修改 PHP 配置（可选）
        php_value include_path .;D:/usr/webroot/Zendphpweb20/include;D:/usr/local/php5/PEAR
        php_value magic_quotes_gpc off
        php_value register_globals off
    </VirtualHost>

各个虚拟主机的配置就看应用站点的不同需要了，DocumentRoot 为其根目录（php\_value 是修改此站点的 PHP 运行参数，根据自己应用的需要来写，这样就不必修改 PHP 主配置文件）。

4> 重启 Apache 服务：

这个就不多说了。

完毕！好了，在浏览器地址栏输入分别输入：

http://dbmanager
    http://phpweb20

我们的目的达到了！！: - >