MFC 中创建简单超链接

川长思鸟来 2022-08-25 08:49 270阅读 0赞

MFC SDI程序在菜单的最后通常会有一个帮助的菜单项，点击后弹出一个关于程序基本信息的对话框（CAboutDlg），想在这个界面添加一条超链接，指向指定的网页，这个网页上存放介绍这个程序更多的信息。查资料说API函数使用ShellExecute可以实现，试了一下，没有成功，这种方法后续再补充。先介绍一下另外一种实现方法（注：这种方法也也是在网上搜集整理的）。

步骤如下：

1) 新建一个MFC单文档应用程序，命名为test。

2) 打开解决方案视图，在头文件中按照步骤：右键---添加---新建项---头文件（.h），命名为HyperLink.h ，在这个头文件中添加下面的代码：

//\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*

// Description : Hyper Link Static Class

// File Name : HyperLink.H

// Created :

// Email :

//\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*\*

\#if !defined(AFX\_HYPERLINK\_H\_\_D1625061\_574B\_11D1\_ABBA\_00A0243D1382\_\_INCLUDED\_)

\#define AFX\_HYPERLINK\_H\_\_D1625061\_574B\_11D1\_ABBA\_00A0243D1382\_\_INCLUDED\_

\#if \_MSC\_VER >= 1000

\#pragmaonce

\#endif // \_MSC\_VER >= 1000

// CHyperLink window

class CHyperLink : public CStatic

// Construction/destruction

public:

CHyperLink();

virtual ~CHyperLink();

public:

enum UnderLineOptions \{ ulHover = -1, ulNone = 0, ulAlways = 1\};

// Attributes

public:

void SetURL(CString strURL);

CString GetURL() const;

void SetColours(COLORREF crLinkColour, COLORREF crVisitedColour,

COLORREF crHoverColour = -1);

COLORREF GetLinkColour() const;

COLORREF GetVisitedColour() const;

COLORREF GetHoverColour() const;

void SetVisited(BOOL bVisited = TRUE);

BOOL GetVisited() const;

void SetLinkCursor(HCURSOR hCursor);

HCURSOR GetLinkCursor() const;

void SetUnderline(int nUnderline = ulHover);

int GetUnderline() const;

void SetAutoSize(BOOL bAutoSize = TRUE);

BOOL GetAutoSize() const;

// Overrides

// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides

//\{ \{AFX\_VIRTUAL(CHyperLink)

public:

virtual BOOL PreTranslateMessage(MSG\* pMsg);

virtual BOOL DestroyWindow();

protected:

virtual void PreSubclassWindow();

//\}\}AFX\_VIRTUAL

// Implementation

protected:

HINSTANCE GotoURL(LPCTSTR url, int showcmd);

void ReportError(int nError);

LONG GetRegKey(HKEY key, LPCTSTR subkey, LPTSTR retdata);

void PositionWindow();

void SetDefaultCursor();

// Protected attributes

protected:

COLORREF m\_crLinkColour, m\_crVisitedColour; // Hyperlink colours

COLORREF m\_crHoverColour; // Hover colour

BOOL m\_bOverControl; // cursor over control?

BOOL m\_bVisited; // Has it been visited?

int m\_nUnderline; // underline hyperlink?

BOOL m\_bAdjustToFit; // Adjust window size to fit text?

CString m\_strURL; // hyperlink URL

CFont m\_UnderlineFont; // Font for underline display

CFont m\_StdFont; // Standard font

HCURSOR m\_hLinkCursor; // Cursor for hyperlink

CToolTipCtrl m\_ToolTip; // The tooltip

UINT m\_nTimerID;

// Generated message map functions

protected:

//\{ \{AFX\_MSG(CHyperLink)

afx\_msg HBRUSH CtlColor(CDC\* pDC, UINT nCtlColor);

afx\_msg BOOL OnSetCursor(CWnd\* pWnd, UINT nHitTest, UINT message);

afx\_msg void OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point);

afx\_msg void OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent);

afx\_msg BOOL OnEraseBkgnd(CDC\* pDC);

//\}\}AFX\_MSG

afx\_msg void OnClicked();

DECLARE\_MESSAGE\_MAP()

\};

//\{ \{AFX\_INSERT\_LOCATION\}\}

// Microsoft Developer Studio will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.

\#endif // !defined(AFX\_HYPERLINK\_H\_\_D1625061\_574B\_11D1\_ABBA\_00A0243D1382\_\_INCLUDED\_)

3) 再添加对应的源文件。步骤：在解决方案视图中，右键点击源文件---添加\---新建项\---C++文件（.cpp），命名为 HyperLink.cpp ，在这个头文件中添加下面的代码：

// HyperLink.cpp : implementation file

// HyperLink static control. Will open the default browser with the given URL

// when the user clicks on the link.

\#include "stdafx.h"

\#include "HyperLink.h"

\#include "atlconv.h" // for Unicode conversion - requires \#include <afxdisp.h> // MFC OLE automation classes

\#ifdef \_DEBUG

\#define new DEBUG\_NEW

\#undef THIS\_FILE

static char THIS\_FILE\[\] = \_\_FILE\_\_;

\#endif

\#define TOOLTIP\_ID 1

// CHyperLink

CHyperLink::CHyperLink()

m\_hLinkCursor = NULL; // No cursor as yet

m\_crLinkColour = RGB( 0, 0, 238); // Blue

m\_crVisitedColour = RGB( 85, 26, 139); // Purple

m\_crHoverColour = RGB(255, 0, 0); // Red

m\_bOverControl = FALSE; // Cursor not yet over control

m\_bVisited = FALSE; // Hasn't been visited yet.

m\_nUnderline = ulHover; // Underline the link?

m\_bAdjustToFit = TRUE; // Resize the window to fit the text?

m\_nTimerID = 100;

m\_strURL.Empty();

CHyperLink::~CHyperLink()

m\_UnderlineFont.DeleteObject();

// CHyperLink overrides

BOOL CHyperLink::DestroyWindow()

KillTimer(m\_nTimerID);

return CStatic::DestroyWindow();

BOOL CHyperLink::PreTranslateMessage(MSG\* pMsg)

m\_ToolTip.RelayEvent(pMsg);

return CStatic::PreTranslateMessage(pMsg);

void CHyperLink::PreSubclassWindow()

// We want to get mouse clicks via STN\_CLICKED

DWORD dwStyle = GetStyle();

::SetWindowLong(GetSafeHwnd(), GWL\_STYLE, dwStyle | SS\_NOTIFY);

// Set the URL as the window text

if (m\_strURL.IsEmpty())

GetWindowText(m\_strURL);

// Check that the window text isn't empty. If it is, set it as the URL.

CString strWndText;

GetWindowText(strWndText);

if (strWndText.IsEmpty())

ASSERT(!m\_strURL.IsEmpty()); // Window and URL both NULL. DUH!

SetWindowText(m\_strURL);

CFont\* pFont = GetFont();

if (!pFont)

HFONT hFont = (HFONT)GetStockObject(DEFAULT\_GUI\_FONT);

if (hFont == NULL)

hFont = (HFONT) GetStockObject(ANSI\_VAR\_FONT);

if (hFont)

pFont = CFont::FromHandle(hFont);

ASSERT(pFont\->GetSafeHandle());

// Create the underline font

LOGFONT lf;

pFont\->GetLogFont(&lf);

m\_StdFont.CreateFontIndirect(&lf);

lf.lfUnderline = (BYTE) TRUE;

m\_UnderlineFont.CreateFontIndirect(&lf);

PositionWindow(); // Adjust size of window to fit URL if necessary

SetDefaultCursor(); // Try and load up a "hand" cursor

SetUnderline();

// Create the tooltip

CRect rect;

GetClientRect(rect);

m\_ToolTip.Create(this);

m\_ToolTip.AddTool(this, m\_strURL, rect, TOOLTIP\_ID);

CStatic::PreSubclassWindow();

BEGIN\_MESSAGE\_MAP(CHyperLink, CStatic)

//\{ \{AFX\_MSG\_MAP(CHyperLink)

ON\_WM\_CTLCOLOR\_REFLECT()

ON\_WM\_SETCURSOR()

ON\_WM\_MOUSEMOVE()

ON\_WM\_TIMER()

ON\_CONTROL\_REFLECT(STN\_CLICKED, OnClicked)

ON\_WM\_ERASEBKGND()

//\}\}AFX\_MSG\_MAP

END\_MESSAGE\_MAP()

// CHyperLink message handlers

void CHyperLink::OnClicked()

m\_bOverControl = FALSE;

int result = (int)GotoURL(m\_strURL, SW\_SHOW);

m\_bVisited = (result > HINSTANCE\_ERROR);

if (!m\_bVisited)

MessageBeep(MB\_ICONEXCLAMATION); // Unable to follow link

ReportError(result);

else

SetVisited(); // Repaint to show visited colour

HBRUSH CHyperLink::CtlColor(CDC\* pDC, UINT nCtlColor)

ASSERT(nCtlColor == CTLCOLOR\_STATIC);

if (m\_bOverControl)

pDC\->SetTextColor(m\_crHoverColour);

else if (m\_bVisited)

pDC\->SetTextColor(m\_crVisitedColour);

else

pDC\->SetTextColor(m\_crLinkColour);

// transparent text.

pDC\->SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);

return (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL\_BRUSH);

void CHyperLink::OnMouseMove(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)

if (!m\_bOverControl) // Cursor has just moved over control

m\_bOverControl = TRUE;

if (m\_nUnderline == ulHover)

SetFont(&m\_UnderlineFont);

Invalidate();

SetTimer(m\_nTimerID, 100, NULL);

CStatic::OnMouseMove(nFlags, point);

void CHyperLink::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent)

CPoint p(GetMessagePos());

ScreenToClient(&p);

CRect rect;

GetClientRect(rect);

if (!rect.PtInRect(p))

m\_bOverControl = FALSE;

KillTimer(m\_nTimerID);

if (m\_nUnderline != ulAlways)

SetFont(&m\_StdFont);

rect.bottom\+=10;

InvalidateRect(rect);

CStatic::OnTimer(nIDEvent);

BOOL CHyperLink::OnSetCursor(CWnd\* /\*pWnd\*/, UINT /\*nHitTest\*/, UINT /\*message\*/)

if (m\_hLinkCursor)

::SetCursor(m\_hLinkCursor);

return TRUE;

returnFALSE;

BOOL CHyperLink::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC\* pDC)

CRect rect;

GetClientRect(rect);

pDC\->FillSolidRect(rect, ::GetSysColor(COLOR\_3DFACE));

return TRUE;

// CHyperLink operations

void CHyperLink::SetURL(CString strURL)

m\_strURL = strURL;

if (::IsWindow(GetSafeHwnd()))

PositionWindow();

m\_ToolTip.UpdateTipText(strURL, this, TOOLTIP\_ID);

CStringCHyperLink::GetURL() const

return m\_strURL;

void CHyperLink::SetColours(COLORREF crLinkColour, COLORREF crVisitedColour,

COLORREF crHoverColour /\* = -1 \*/)

m\_crLinkColour = crLinkColour;

m\_crVisitedColour = crVisitedColour;

if (crHoverColour == -1)

m\_crHoverColour = ::GetSysColor(COLOR\_HIGHLIGHT);

else

m\_crHoverColour = crHoverColour;

if (::IsWindow(m\_hWnd))

Invalidate();

COLORREF CHyperLink::GetLinkColour() const

return m\_crLinkColour;

COLORREF CHyperLink::GetVisitedColour() const

return m\_crVisitedColour;

COLORREF CHyperLink::GetHoverColour() const

return m\_crHoverColour;

void CHyperLink::SetVisited(BOOL bVisited /\* = TRUE \*/)

m\_bVisited = bVisited;

if (::IsWindow(GetSafeHwnd()))

Invalidate();

BOOL CHyperLink::GetVisited() const

return m\_bVisited;

void CHyperLink::SetLinkCursor(HCURSOR hCursor)

m\_hLinkCursor = hCursor;

if (m\_hLinkCursor == NULL)

SetDefaultCursor();

HCURSOR CHyperLink::GetLinkCursor() const

return m\_hLinkCursor;

void CHyperLink::SetUnderline(int nUnderline /\*=ulHover\*/)

if (m\_nUnderline == nUnderline)

return;

if (::IsWindow(GetSafeHwnd()))

if (nUnderline == ulAlways)

SetFont(&m\_UnderlineFont);

else

SetFont(&m\_StdFont);

Invalidate();

m\_nUnderline = nUnderline;

int CHyperLink::GetUnderline() const

return m\_nUnderline;

void CHyperLink::SetAutoSize(BOOL bAutoSize /\* = TRUE \*/)

m\_bAdjustToFit = bAutoSize;

if (::IsWindow(GetSafeHwnd()))

PositionWindow();

BOOL CHyperLink::GetAutoSize() const

return m\_bAdjustToFit;

// Move and resize the window so that the window is the same size

// as the hyperlink text. This stops the hyperlink cursor being active

// when it is not directly over the text. If the text is left justified

// then the window is merely shrunk, but if it is centred or right

// justified then the window will have to be moved as well.

void CHyperLink::PositionWindow()

if (!::IsWindow(GetSafeHwnd()) || !m\_bAdjustToFit)

return;

// Get the current window position

CRect WndRect, ClientRect;

GetWindowRect(WndRect);

GetClientRect(ClientRect);

ClientToScreen(ClientRect);

CWnd\* pParent = GetParent();

if (pParent)

pParent\->ScreenToClient(WndRect);

pParent\->ScreenToClient(ClientRect);

// Get the size of the window text

CString strWndText;

GetWindowText(strWndText);

CDC\* pDC = GetDC();

CFont\* pOldFont = pDC\->SelectObject(&m\_UnderlineFont);

CSize Extent = pDC\->GetTextExtent(strWndText);

pDC\->SelectObject(pOldFont);

ReleaseDC(pDC);

// Adjust for window borders

Extent.cx \+= WndRect.Width() - ClientRect.Width();

Extent.cy \+= WndRect.Height() - ClientRect.Height();

// Get the text justification via the window style

DWORD dwStyle = GetStyle();

// Recalc the window size and position based on the text justification

if (dwStyle & SS\_CENTERIMAGE)

WndRect.DeflateRect(0, (WndRect.Height() - Extent.cy)/2);

else

WndRect.bottom = WndRect.top \+ Extent.cy;

if (dwStyle & SS\_CENTER)

WndRect.DeflateRect((WndRect.Width() - Extent.cx)/2, 0);

else if (dwStyle & SS\_RIGHT)

WndRect.left = WndRect.right \- Extent.cx;

else // SS\_LEFT = 0, so we can't test for it explicitly

WndRect.right = WndRect.left \+ Extent.cx;

// Move the window

SetWindowPos(NULL, WndRect.left, WndRect.top, WndRect.Width(), WndRect.Height(), SWP\_NOZORDER);

// CHyperLink implementation

// The following appeared in Paul DiLascia's Jan 1998 MSJ articles.

// It loads a "hand" cursor from the winhlp32.exe module

void CHyperLink::SetDefaultCursor()

if (m\_hLinkCursor == NULL) // No cursor handle - load our own

// Get the windows directory

CString strWndDir;

GetWindowsDirectory(strWndDir.GetBuffer(MAX\_PATH), MAX\_PATH);

strWndDir.ReleaseBuffer();

strWndDir \+= \_T("");

// This retrieves cursor \#106 from winhlp32.exe, which is a hand pointer

HMODULE hModule = LoadLibrary(strWndDir);

if (hModule) \{

HCURSOR hHandCursor = ::LoadCursor(hModule, MAKEINTRESOURCE(106));

if (hHandCursor)

m\_hLinkCursor = CopyCursor(hHandCursor);

FreeLibrary(hModule);

LONG CHyperLink::GetRegKey(HKEY key, LPCTSTR subkey, LPTSTR retdata)

HKEY hkey;

LONG retval = RegOpenKeyEx(key, subkey, 0, KEY\_QUERY\_VALUE, &hkey);

if (retval == ERROR\_SUCCESS) \{

long datasize = MAX\_PATH;

TCHAR data\[MAX\_PATH\];

RegQueryValue(hkey, NULL, data, &datasize);

lstrcpy(retdata,data);

RegCloseKey(hkey);

return retval;

void CHyperLink::ReportError(int nError)

CString str;

switch (nError)

case 0: str = "The operating system is out\\nof memory or resources."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_PNF: str = "The specified path was not found."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_FNF: str = "The specified file was not found."; break;

case ERROR\_BAD\_FORMAT: str = "The .EXE file is invalid\\n(non-Win32 .EXE or error in .EXE image)."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_ACCESSDENIED: str = "The operating system denied\\naccess to the specified file."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_ASSOCINCOMPLETE: str = "The filename association is\\nincomplete or invalid."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_DDEBUSY: str = "The DDE transaction could not\\nbe completed because other DDE transactions\\nwere being processed."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_DDEFAIL: str = "The DDE transaction failed."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_DDETIMEOUT: str = "The DDE transaction could not\\nbe completed because the request timed out."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_DLLNOTFOUND: str = "The specified dynamic-link library was not found."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_NOASSOC: str = "There is no application associated\\nwith the given filename extension."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_OOM: str = "There was not enough memory to complete the operation."; break;

case SE\_ERR\_SHARE: str = "A sharing violation occurred. ";

default: str.Format(\_T("Unknown Error (%d) occurred."), nError); break;

str \+= \_T("Unable to open hyperlink:\\n\\n") /\*+ str\*/;

AfxMessageBox(str, MB\_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB\_OK);

HINSTANCE CHyperLink::GotoURL(LPCTSTR url, int showcmd)

TCHAR key\[MAX\_PATH \+ MAX\_PATH\];

// First try ShellExecute()

HINSTANCE result = ShellExecute(NULL, \_T("open"), url, NULL,NULL, showcmd);

// If it failed, get the .htm regkey and lookup the program

if ((UINT)result <= HINSTANCE\_ERROR)

if (GetRegKey(HKEY\_CLASSES\_ROOT, \_T(".htm"), key) == ERROR\_SUCCESS)

lstrcat(key, \_T(""));

if (GetRegKey(HKEY\_CLASSES\_ROOT,key,key) == ERROR\_SUCCESS)

TCHAR \*pos;

pos = \_tcsstr(key, \_T("\\"%1\\""));

if (pos == NULL) \{ // No quotes found

pos = \_tcsstr(key, \_T("%1")); // Check for %1, without quotes

if (pos == NULL) // No parameter at all...

pos = key\+lstrlen(key)-1;

else

\*pos = '\\0'; // Remove the parameter

else

\*pos = '\\0'; // Remove the parameter

lstrcat(pos, \_T(" "));

lstrcat(pos, url);

USES\_CONVERSION;

result = (HINSTANCE) WinExec(T2A(key),showcmd);

return result;

4) 在资源视图中，打开Dialog目录下的IDD\_ABOUTBOX，在恰当的位置放一个静态文本框控件，将他的ID改为 IDC\_LINK，属性框中的caption中添加你需要显示的文字。

5) 找到CAboutDlg定义的源文件（test.cpp），先添加 \#include "HyperLink.h" ，再在类CAboutDlg中添加超链接控件的声明 public: CHyperLink m\_cHyperhttp; 再将这个控件和ID为 IDC\_LINK的静态文本框关联。实现方法是在类CAboutDlg的成员函数DoDataExchange(CDataExchange\* pDX)中添加代码：DDX\_Control(pDX,IDC\_LINK,m\_cHyperhttp)

6) 最后在这个类的初始化（构造）函数中添加：

CString cStrURL= L"http://www.baidu.com";//网页

CString cStr=L"mailto:hsxw001@163.com";//邮箱

m\_cHyperhttp.SetURL(/\*cStrURL\*/cStr);//链接/\*百度\*/邮箱

m\_cHyperhttp.SetUnderline(false);//去掉下划线

注：在默认邮件客户端中打开新邮件窗口，并自动填入收件人地址。若指定多个收件人地址，则收件人地址之间必须用分号或逗号分隔开。运行程序，点击添加静态文本框的区域（有识别）即可链接到设定的网页。

（其他实现方法后续再做总结）