《Indy In Depth》中文版

素颜马尾好姑娘i 2022-08-23 00:55 201阅读 0赞

# 《Indy In Depth》中文版,Delphi 网络通信入门 #

Indy是Delphi用来进行网络通信的常用控件。无奈教程太少，网上零零散散的一些。

《Indy In Depth》是Indy控件的官方入门教程，但之前网上只有英文版的。

本人一咬牙，花了好几个月的业余时间翻译成了中文版，水平有限，难免会有一些错误或者疏漏的地方，敬请联系我指出。

其实在发文章前早已发到资源里去了，今天开通了博客，就先发这个出来试试水。![大笑][laugh.gif]

翻译完后发现，这本教程不只是一本教你如何使用Indy控件的教程，里头包含了网络通信的基础知识：TCP，UDP，网络协议，端口等等，还有Delphi的多线程入门知识等，很适合新手学习，即使不用Indy控件，也值得一看。

[这里是下载地址][Link 1]，翻译的这么累稍微收个3分辛苦费，请不要另行分发，实在没有分又急着要的可以直接加我QQ索取，QQ在下面的图片中。

![dGYAAAAAAAAA_ek_1_kp_1_pt_0_bo_GQLSAhkC0gIBACc_t_5_su_1124413601_sce_0-12-12_rf_2-9][]

**最后附上目录**

**目录  
Indy In Depth ...................................................................... 1  
3 Socket介绍 ................................................................... 12  
3.1 综述 .................................................................................................................... 12  
3.2 TCP/IP................................................................................................................... 12  
3.3 Client 客户端 ....................................................................................................... 12  
3.4Server 服务器 ....................................................................................................... 12  
3.5 IP地址 ................................................................................................................. 12  
3.6 Port 端口 ............................................................................................................. 13  
3.7 Protocol协议........................................................................................................ 13  
3.8 Socket 接口 ......................................................................................................... 13  
3.9 Host Name主机名 ................................................................................................ 13  
3.10 DNS .................................................................................................................... 14  
3.11 TCP ..................................................................................................................... 14  
3.12 UDP .................................................................................................................... 14  
3.13 ICMP................................................................................................................... 15  
3.14 HOSTS................................................................................................................. 15  
3.15 SERVICES............................................................................................................. 15  
3.16 Localhost(Loopback 本地环回接口) 本地主机 ................................................... 16  
3.17 Ping .................................................................................................................... 16  
3.18 TraceRoute 路由跟踪 ......................................................................................... 17  
3.19 LAN 局域网........................................................................................................ 18  
3.20 WAN 广域网 ...................................................................................................... 18  
3.21 IETF .................................................................................................................... 18  
3.22 RFC ..................................................................................................................... 18  
3.23 Thread 线程 ....................................................................................................... 18  
3.24 Fork .................................................................................................................... 19  
3.25 Winsock .............................................................................................................. 19  
3.26 Stack 栈 ............................................................................................................. 19  
3.27 Network Byte Order ............................................................................................ 19  
4 Indy介绍....................................................................... 20  
4.1 Then Indy Way ...................................................................................................... 20  
4.2 Indy Methodology................................................................................................. 20  
4.3 How Indy is Different Indy的独特之处 ............................................................... 20  
4.4 客户端概述 ......................................................................................................... 21  
4.5 服务器概述 ......................................................................................................... 21  
4.6 Threading ............................................................................................................. 21  
5 Blocking vs. Non-Blocking 阻塞和非阻塞 ........................ 22  
5.1 Programming Models 编程模型 ........................................................................... 22  
5.2 其他模型 ............................................................................................................. 22  
5.3 阻塞 .................................................................................................................... 22  
5.4 非阻塞................................................................................................................. 22  
5.5 Winsock 的历史 ................................................................................................... 22  
5.6 Blocking is not Evil 阻塞并不烂 ............................................................................ 23  
5.7 Pros of Blocking 阻塞的优点 ................................................................................ 23  
5.8 Cons of Blocking 阻塞的缺点............................................................................. 23  
5.9 TIdAntiFreeze........................................................................................................ 24  
5.10 Pros of Non-Blocking 非阻塞的优点 ................................................................... 24  
5.11 Cons of Non-Blocking 非阻塞的缺点 .................................................................. 24  
5.12 Comparison 对比 ............................................................................................... 24  
5.13 Files vs. Sockets................................................................................................... 25  
5.14 Scenario.............................................................................................................. 25  
5.15 Blocking File Write 写阻塞文件 .......................................................................... 26  
5.16 Non-Blocking File Write 写非阻塞文件 ............................................................... 26  
5.17 File Write Comparison 写文件对比..................................................................... 27  
5.18 Just Like Files ...................................................................................................... 27  
6 客户端介绍 .................................................................. 28  
6.2 Handling Exceptions 异常处理 ............................................................................. 28  
6.3 Exceptions are not Errors 异常并非错误............................................................... 29  
6.4 TIdAntiFreeze （VCL中有，FMX中没有） .......................................................... 29  
6.5 Demo - Postal Code Client 示例—邮编客户端 ...................................................... 30  
6.5.1 Postal Code Protocol 邮编协议 ...................................................................................................... 30  
6.5.2 Code Explanation ................................................................................................................................ 31  
7 UDP............................................................................... 33  
7.1 Overview 综述 ..................................................................................................... 33  
7.2 Reliability可靠性 ................................................................................................. 33  
7.3 Broadcasts 广播 ................................................................................................... 33  
7.4 Packet Sizes 数据包大小 ...................................................................................... 34  
7.5 Confirmations ....................................................................................................... 34  
7.5.1 Overview 综述 ................................................................................................................................... 34  
7.5.2 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 34  
7.5.3 Sequencing 排序 ............................................................................................................................... 34  
7.6 TIdUDPClient ........................................................................................................ 35  
7.7 TIdUDPServer ....................................................................................................... 35  
7.8 UDP Example - RBSOD........................................................................................... 35  
7.8.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 35  
7.8.2 Server.................................................................................................................................................... 37  
7.8.3 Client 客户端 ..................................................................................................................................... 38  
8 Reading and Writing 读写....................................................................................... 40  
8.1 Read Methods 读的方法 ...................................................................................... 40  
8.1.1 AllData .................................................................................................................................................. 41  
8.1.2 Capture ................................................................................................................................................. 41  
8.1.3 CurrentReadBuffer ............................................................................................................................. 41  
8.1.4 InputBuffer........................................................................................................................................... 41  
8.1.5 InputLn ................................................................................................................................................. 41  
8.1.6 ReadBuffer ........................................................................................................................................... 42  
8.1.7 ReadCardinal ....................................................................................................................................... 42  
8.1.8 ReadFromStack ................................................................................................................................... 42  
8.1.9 ReadInteger ......................................................................................................................................... 42  
8.1.10 ReadLn ................................................................................................................................................ 42  
8.1.11 ReadLnWait ....................................................................................................................................... 42  
8.1.12 ReadSmallInt ..................................................................................................................................... 42  
8.1.13 ReadStream ....................................................................................................................................... 43  
8.1.14 ReadString.......................................................................................................................................... 43  
8.1.15 ReadStrings........................................................................................................................................ 43  
8.1.16 WaitFor............................................................................................................................................... 43  
8.2 Read Timeouts 读取时限........................................................................................................................ 43  
8.3 Write Methods 写方法............................................................................................................................. 44  
8.3.1 SendCmd .............................................................................................................................................. 45  
8.3.2 Write ..................................................................................................................................................... 45  
8.3.3 WriteBuffer .......................................................................................................................................... 45  
8.3.4 WriteCardinal ...................................................................................................................................... 45  
8.3.5 WriteHeader ........................................................................................................................................ 45  
8.3.6 WriteInteger ........................................................................................................................................ 45  
8.3.7 WriteLn ................................................................................................................................................. 45  
8.3.8 WriteRFCReply..................................................................................................................................... 46  
8.3.9 WriteRFCStrings .................................................................................................................................. 46  
8.3.10 WriteSmallInt .................................................................................................................................... 46  
8.3.11 WriteStream ...................................................................................................................................... 46  
8.3.12 WriteStrings....................................................................................................................................... 46  
8.3.13 WriteFile............................................................................................................................................. 46  
8.4 Write Buffering 写缓存 ........................................................................................ 47  
8.5 Work Transactions 工作事件 ................................................................................ 47  
8.5.1 OnWork Events.................................................................................................................................... 47  
8.5.2 Managing Your Own Work Transactions......................................................................................... 48  
管理自己的工作事务 ................................................................................................................................. 48  
9 Detecting Disconnects 探测断链 ............................................................................................................. 49  
9.1 Saying Good Bye 说再见 ...................................................................................... 49  
9.2 Do you really need to know? 你真需要知道吗 .............................................................................. 49  
9.3 I need to know now! 我要立刻知道 ..................................................................... 49  
9.3.1 Keep Alives........................................................................................................................................... 50  
9.3.2 Pings ...................................................................................................................................................... 50  
9.4 EIdConnClosedGracefully....................................................................................... 50  
9.4.1 Introduction 介绍.............................................................................................................................. 50  
9.4.2 Why Does This Exception Occur in Servers? .................................................................................. 51  
9.4.3 Why is it an Exception? 为什么这是个异常？ ........................................................................... 51  
9.4.4 Is it an Error? 这是个错误吗？ ...................................................................................................... 51  
9.4.5 When is it an Error? 什么时候它是个错误 ............................................................................... 52  
9.4.6 Simple Solution 简单处理 ............................................................................................................... 52  
10 Implementing Protocols 实现协议 ................................................................................................ 53  
10.1 Protocol Terminology 协议专有名词 ......................................................................................... 53  
10.1.1 Plain Text 纯文本 ............................................................................................................................ 54  
10.1.2 Command 命令 ............................................................................................................................... 54  
10.1.3 Reply 答复 ........................................................................................................................................ 54  
10.1.4 Response 答复................................................................................................................................. 54  
10.1.5 Conversations 会话......................................................................................................................... 55  
10.2 RFC Definitions................................................................................................................................... 55  
10.2.1 RFC Status Codes RFC状态码 ....................................................................................................... 56  
10.2.2 RFC Reply ........................................................................................................................................... 57  
10.2.3 RFC Response .................................................................................................................................... 57  
10.2.4 RFC Transactions RFC事件 ............................................................................................................. 57  
10.3 TIdReplyRFC(原文中是TIdRFCReply,XE10中改为这) ........................................... 57  
10.4 ReplyTexts........................................................................................................... 58  
10.5 The Chicken or the Egg?....................................................................................... 58  
10.6 Defining a Custom Protocol 定义个定制协议...................................................... 59  
10.7 Peer Simulation................................................................................................... 59  
10.8 Postal Code Protocol ........................................................................................... 60  
10.8.1 Help 帮助.......................................................................................................................................... 60  
10.8.2 Lookup 查询..................................................................................................................................... 61  
10.8.3 Quit 退出 .......................................................................................................................................... 62  
11 Proxies 代理.............................................................................................................. 63  
11.1 Transparent Proxies 透明代理 ............................................................................ 63  
11.1.1 IP Masquerading / Network Address Translation (NAT) IP伪装/网络地址转换 ......... 63  
11.1.2 Mapped Ports / Tunnels 映射端口/隧道 ................................................................................... 63  
11.1.3 FTP User@Site Proxy........................................................................................................................ 64  
11.2 Non Transparent Proxies 非透明代理 ................................................................. 64  
11.2.1 SOCKS 防火墙安全会话转换协议 .............................................................................................. 64  
11.2.2 HTTP (CERN) ...................................................................................................................................... 65  
12 IOHandlers ................................................................... 66  
12.1 IOHandler Components IOHandler组件 ........................................................... 66  
12.1.1 TIdIOHandlerSocket ......................................................................................................................... 67  
12.1.2 TIdIOHandlerStream ........................................................................................................................ 67  
12.1.3 TIdSSLIOHandlerSocket(TIdSSLIOHandlerSocketOpenSSL) ....................................................... 67  
12.2 Demo - Speed Debugger 例子-速度调试器 ....................................................... 67  
12.2.1 Custom IOHandler 定制IOHandler(并没有Recv方法).......................................................... 68  
13 Intercepts .............................................................................................................. 69  
13.1 Intercepts ........................................................................................................... 69  
13.2 Logging ............................................................................................................... 69  
14 Debugging 调试 ...................................................................................................... 70  
14.1 Logging 记日志 .................................................................................................. 70  
14.2 Peer Simulation 对等模拟 .................................................................................. 70  
14.3 Record and Replay 记录及答复 .......................................................................... 70  
15 Concurrency 并发性 ............................................................................................... 71  
15.1 Terminology术语................................................................................................ 71  
15.1.1 Concurrency 并发性 ...................................................................................... 72  
15.1.2 Contention ......................................................................................................................................... 72  
15.1.3 Resource Protection 资源保护 .................................................................................................. 72  
15.2 Resolving Contention 解决contention .............................................................. 72  
15.2.1 Read Only 只读................................................................................................................................ 72  
15.2.2 Atomic Operations 原子操作 ....................................................................................................... 73  
15.2.3 Operating System Support 操作系统支持 ................................................................................. 73  
15.2.4 Explicit Protection 显式保护 ........................................................................................................ 73  
15.2.5 Thread Safe Classes 线程安全类 ................................................................................................. 77  
15.2.6 Compartmentalization..................................................................................................................... 77  
16 Threads 线程 ........................................................................................................... 78  
16.1 What is a Thread? 什么是线程 ........................................................................... 78  
16.2 Threading Advantages 多线程的优势 ................................................................. 78  
16.2.1 Prioritization 优化........................................................................................................................... 78  
16.2.2 Encapsulation封装 .......................................................................................................................... 78  
16.2.3 Security 安全性 ............................................................................................................................... 79  
16.2.4 Multiple Processors 多处理器...................................................................................................... 79  
16.2.5 No Serialization 无序列化 ............................................................................................................. 79  
16.3 Processes vs. Threads 进程vs. 线程 .................................................................. 79  
16.4 Threads vs. Processes 线程vs. 进程 .................................................................. 80  
16.5 Thread Variables 线程变量................................................................................. 80  
16.6 Threadable and ThreadSafe ................................................................................. 80  
16.6.1 Threadable 可线程的..................................................................................................................... 80  
16.6.2 Threadsafe 线程安全的................................................................................................................. 80  
16.7 Synchronization .................................................................................................. 81  
16.8 TThread .............................................................................................................. 81  
16.9 TThreadList ......................................................................................................... 81  
16.10 Indy .................................................................................................................. 81  
16.11 TIdThread ......................................................................................................... 81  
16.12 TIdThreadComponent........................................................................................ 82  
16.13 TIdSync ............................................................................................................. 82  
16.14 TIdNotify........................................................................................................... 82  
16.15 TIdThreadSafe ................................................................................................... 82  
16.16 Common Problems 常见的问题........................................................................ 83  
16.17 Bottlenecks 瓶颈 .............................................................................................. 83  
16.17.1 Critical Section Implementation 临界区实现.......................................................................... 83  
16.17.2 TMREWS .......................................................................................................................................... 83  
16.17.3 Syncrhonizations 同步 ................................................................................................................. 84  
16.17.4 User Interface Updates 用户界面更新 .................................................................................... 84  
17 Servers服务器 ........................................................................................................ 85  
17.1 Server Types 服务器类型 ................................................................................... 85  
17.1.1 TIdTCPServer ..................................................................................................................................... 86  
17.1.2 TIdUDPServer .................................................................................................................................... 90  
17.1.3 TIdSimpleServer................................................................................................................................ 90  
17.2 Threaded Events 线程性的事件.......................................................................... 91  
17.3 TCP Server Models TCP服务器模型..................................................................... 91  
17.3.1 OnExecute.......................................................................................................................................... 91  
17.3.2 Command Handlers ......................................................................................................................... 92  
17.4 Command Handlers............................................................................................. 93  
17.4.1 Implementation 实现 ..................................................................................................................... 93  
17.4.2 Example Protocol 例子协议.......................................................................................................... 94  
17.4.3 Base Demo......................................................................................................................................... 94  
17.4.4 创建个 Command Handler .......................................................................................................... 94  
17.4.5 Command Handler Support............................................................................................................ 96  
17.4.6 Testing the New Command 测试新命令 .................................................................................... 97  
17.4.7 Implementing HELP 实现HELP .................................................................................................... 97  
17.4.8 Implementing DATETIME 实现DATETIME.................................................................................. 98  
17.4.9 Conclusion 结论 ............................................................................................................................ 100  
17.5 Postal Code Server - OnExecute Implementation ................................................ 100  
17.6 Postal Code Server - Command Handlers............................................................ 100  
17.7 Thread Management 线程管理 ........................................................................ 100  
17.7.1 TIdThreadMgrDefault .................................................................................................................... 100  
17.7.2 Thread Pooling 线程池 ................................................................................................................ 101  
18 SSL - Secure Sockets 安全Sockets ...................................................................... 102  
18.1 Secure HTTP / HTTPS ......................................................................................... 102  
18.2 Other Clients ..................................................................................................... 102  
18.3 Server SSL ......................................................................................................... 103  
18.4 转换证书为 PEM 格式 ................................................................................... 103  
18.4.1 Exporting the Certificate 导出证书 ........................................................................................... 103  
18.4.2 Convert .pfx to .pem ...................................................................................................................... 103  
18.4.3 Splitting the .pem File 拆分 .pem文件 ................................................................................... 104  
18.4.4 Key.pem............................................................................................................................................ 104  
18.4.5 Cert.pem .......................................................................................................................................... 104  
18.4.6 Root.pem ......................................................................................................................................... 104  
19 Indy 10 Overview 回顾.................................................................................................................... 105  
19.1 Changes ........................................................................................................................................ 105  
19.1.1 Separation of Packages Packages的分离................................................................................ 106  
19.1.2 SSL Core SSL内核 ..................................................................................................................... 106  
19.1.3 SSL Protocols SSL协议............................................................................................................. 106  
19.1.4 FTP Client ......................................................................................................................................... 106  
19.1.5 FTP Server ........................................................................................................................................ 107  
19.1.6 FTP List Parsing FTP列表转换 ............................................................................................... 107  
19.1.7 Other 其他 ..................................................................................................................................... 108  
19.2 Core Rebuild 内核重构................................................................................................................ 108  
19.2.1 IOHandler Restructuring IOHandler 重构 ........................................................................... 109  
19.2.2 Network Interfaces 网络接口..................................................................................................... 109  
19.2.3 Fibers 纤程 ..................................................................................................................................... 110  
19.2.4 Schedulers 调度器 ........................................................................................................................ 110  
19.2.5 Work Queues 工作队列............................................................................................................... 112  
19.2.6 Chains 链 ........................................................................................................................................ 112  
19.2.7 Chain Engines 链引擎 .................................................................................................................. 113  
19.2.8 Contexts ........................................................................................................................................... 113**

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[Link 1]: http://download.csdn.net/detail/lin_strong/9480990
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