Android Studio系列-单元测试入门篇

淡淡的烟草味﹌ 2022-08-20 10:19 159阅读 0赞

## 配置支持单元测试工程 ##

在Build Variant窗口内的Test Artifact中选择“Unit Tests“

![Paste\_Image.png][Paste_Image.png]

![Paste\_Image.png][Paste_Image.png 1]

打开工程的build.gradle（Module:app）文件，添加JUnit4依赖，点击Gradle sync按钮。

**build.gradle**

dependencies {
        compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
        compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.1.1'
        testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    }

## 创建单元测试 ##

**示例**  
创建Calculator类

![Paste\_Image.png][Paste_Image.png 2]

选中类名，右键如下：

![Paste\_Image.png][Paste_Image.png 3]

选中**Test**

![Paste\_Image.png][Paste_Image.png 4]

之后生成对应的测试类：

public class CalculatorTest { 
    
        private Calculator mCalculator;
    
        @Before
        public void setUp() throws Exception {
            mCalculator = new Calculator();
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testSum() throws Exception {
            Assert.assertEquals(6d, mCalculator.sum(1d, 5d), 0);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testSubstract() throws Exception {
            Assert.assertEquals(1d, mCalculator.substract(5d, 4d), 0);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testDivide() throws Exception {
            Assert.assertEquals(4d, mCalculator.divide(20d, 5d ), 0);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void testMultiply() throws Exception {
            Assert.assertEquals(10d, mCalculator.multiply(2d, 5d),0);
        }
    }

# 运行单元测试 #

选中测试类名，右键如下：

![Paste\_Image.png][Paste_Image.png 5]

点击**Run CalculatorTest**

![Paste\_Image.png][Paste_Image.png 6]

上面是错误结果。

下面是正确结果。

![Paste\_Image.png][Paste_Image.png 7]

[Paste_Image.png]: /images/20220731/24f01c5589c24241827b1c2a30a29ff5.png
[Paste_Image.png 1]: /images/20220731/eeb906a9bf0a4bca9932bf2618b56aac.png
[Paste_Image.png 2]: /images/20220731/29dd745f4a694ab1b74a65aa02224c6d.png
[Paste_Image.png 3]: /images/20220731/e55d6bb8779e4dc2890bd9b4cc5a9285.png
[Paste_Image.png 4]: /images/20220731/b29d12012b8e4b4394f31c3661125232.png
[Paste_Image.png 5]: /images/20220731/9d4e08f3d1334dd09add2b61333210c9.png
[Paste_Image.png 6]: /images/20220731/14458296f7b94afeb2dadedf1426187e.png
[Paste_Image.png 7]: /images/20220731/d86373d3f89a406e8fb6004ffc8e4c69.png