mongo db ubuntu 12.04安装

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# Install MongoDB Community Edition on Ubuntu[¶][Link 1] #

On this page

*  [Overview][]
 *  [Packages][]
 *  [Init Scripts][]
 *  [Install MongoDB Community Edition][]
 *  [Run MongoDB Community Edition][]
 *  [Uninstall MongoDB Community Edition][]

## Overview[¶][Overview] ##

Use this tutorial to install MongoDB Community Edition on LTS Ubuntu Linux systems from .deb packages. While Ubuntu includes its own MongoDB packages, the official MongoDB Community Edition packages are generally more up-to-date.

Platform Support

MongoDB only provides packages for 64-bit long-term support Ubuntu releases. Currently, this means 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) and 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr). While the packages may work with other Ubuntu releases, this is not a supported configuration.

## Packages[¶][Packages] ##

MongoDB provides officially supported packages in their own repository. This repository contains the following packages:

<table> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr> 
 <td>mongodb-org</td> 
 <td>A metapackage that will automatically install the four component packages listed below.</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td>mongodb-org-server</td> 
 <td>Contains the <a title="mongod" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongod/#bin.mongod" rel="nofollow"> mongod</a> daemon and associated configuration and init scripts.</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td>mongodb-org-mongos</td> 
 <td>Contains the <a title="mongos" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongos/#bin.mongos" rel="nofollow"> mongos</a> daemon.</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td>mongodb-org-shell</td> 
 <td>Contains the <a title="mongo" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongo/#bin.mongo" rel="nofollow"> mongo</a> shell.</td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr> 
 <td>mongodb-org-tools</td> 
 <td>Contains the following MongoDB tools: <a title="mongoimport" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongoimport/#bin.mongoimport" rel="nofollow"> mongoimport</a> <a title="bsondump" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/bsondump/#bin.bsondump" rel="nofollow"> bsondump</a>, <a title="mongodump" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongodump/#bin.mongodump" rel="nofollow"> mongodump</a>, <a title="mongoexport" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongoexport/#bin.mongoexport" rel="nofollow"> mongoexport</a>, <a title="mongofiles" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongofiles/#bin.mongofiles" rel="nofollow"> mongofiles</a>, <a title="mongooplog" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongooplog/#bin.mongooplog" rel="nofollow"> mongooplog</a>, <a title="mongoperf" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongoperf/#bin.mongoperf" rel="nofollow"> mongoperf</a>, <a title="mongorestore" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongorestore/#bin.mongorestore" rel="nofollow"> mongorestore</a>, <a title="mongostat" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongostat/#bin.mongostat" rel="nofollow"> mongostat</a>, and <a title="mongotop" href="https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongotop/#bin.mongotop" rel="nofollow"> mongotop</a>.</td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

These packages conflict with the mongodb, mongodb-server, and mongodb-clients packages provided by Ubuntu.

The default /etc/mongod.conf configuration file supplied by the packages have bind\_ip set to 127.0.0.1 by default. Modify this setting as needed for your environment before initializing a [ *replica set*][_replica set].

## Init Scripts[¶][Init Scripts] ##

The mongodb-org package includes various [ *init scripts*][_init scripts], including the init script /etc/init.d/mongod. You can use these scripts to stop, start, and restart daemon processes.

The package configures MongoDB using the /etc/mongod.conf file in conjunction with the init scripts. See the [ *Configuration File*][_Configuration File] reference for documentation of settings available in the configuration file.

As of version 3.2.1, there are no init scripts for [ mongos][mongos]. The [ mongos][mongos] process is used only in [ *sharding*][_sharding]. You can use the mongod init script to derive your own [ mongos][mongos] init script for use in such environments. See the [ mongos][mongos] reference for configuration details.

## Install MongoDB Community Edition[¶][Install MongoDB Community Edition] ##

Note

To install a version of MongoDB prior to 3.2, please refer to that version’s documentation. For example, see version [ 3.0][3.0].

### Import the public key used by the package management system.[¶][Link 2] ###

The Ubuntu package management tools (i.e. dpkg and apt) ensure package consistency and authenticity by requiring that distributors sign packages with GPG keys. Issue the following command to import the [ MongoDB public GPG Key][MongoDB public GPG Key]:

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv EA312927

### Create a list file for MongoDB.[¶][Link 3] ###

Create the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.2.list list file using the command appropriate for your version of Ubuntu:

Ubuntu 12.04

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu precise/mongodb-org/3.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.2.list

Ubuntu 14.04

echo "deb http://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu trusty/mongodb-org/3.2 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-3.2.list

### Reload local package database.[¶][Link 4] ###

Issue the following command to reload the local package database:

sudo apt-get update

### Install the MongoDB packages.[¶][Link 5] ###

You can install either the latest stable version of MongoDB or a specific version of MongoDB.

#### Install the latest stable version of MongoDB.[¶][Link 6] ####

Issue the following command:

sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org

#### Install a specific release of MongoDB.[¶][Link 7] ####

To install a specific release, you must specify each component package individually along with the version number, as in the following example:

sudo apt-get install -y mongodb-org=3.2.1 mongodb-org-server=3.2.1 mongodb-org-shell=3.2.1 mongodb-org-mongos=3.2.1 mongodb-org-tools=3.2.1

If you only install mongodb-org=3.2.1 and do not include the component packages, the latest version of each MongoDB package will be installed regardless of what version you specified.

#### Pin a specific version of MongoDB.[¶][Link 8] ####

Although you can specify any available version of MongoDB, apt-get will upgrade the packages when a newer version becomes available. To prevent unintended upgrades, pin the package. To pin the version of MongoDB at the currently installed version, issue the following command sequence:

echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
    echo "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
    echo "mongodb-org-shell hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
    echo "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
    echo "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections

## Run MongoDB Community Edition[¶][Run MongoDB Community Edition] ##

The MongoDB instance stores its data files in /var/lib/mongodb and its log files in /var/log/mongodb by default, and runs using the mongodb user account. You can specify alternate log and data file directories in /etc/mongod.conf. See [ systemLog.path][systemLog.path] and [ storage.dbPath][storage.dbPath] for additional information.

If you change the user that runs the MongoDB process, you **must** modify the access control rights to the /var/lib/mongodb and /var/log/mongodb directories to give this user access to these directories.

### Start MongoDB.[¶][Link 9] ###

Issue the following command to start [ mongod][mongod]:

sudo service mongod start

### Verify that MongoDB has started successfully[¶][Link 10] ###

Verify that the [ mongod][mongod] process has started successfully by checking the contents of the log file at /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log for a line reading

[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port <port>

where <port> is the port configured in /etc/mongod.conf, 27017 by default.

### Stop MongoDB.[¶][Link 11] ###

As needed, you can stop the [ mongod][mongod] process by issuing the following command:

sudo service mongod stop

### Restart MongoDB.[¶][Link 12] ###

Issue the following command to restart [ mongod][mongod]:

sudo service mongod restart

### Begin using MongoDB.[¶][Link 13] ###

To help you start using MongoDB, MongoDB provides [ *Getting Started Guides*][_Getting Started Guides] in various driver editions. See [ *Getting Started*][_Getting Started Guides] for the available editions.

Before deploying MongoDB in a production environment, consider the [ *Production Notes*][_Production Notes] document.

Later, to stop MongoDB, press Control+C in the terminal where the [ mongod][mongod] instance is running.

## Uninstall MongoDB Community Edition[¶][Uninstall MongoDB Community Edition] ##

To completely remove MongoDB from a system, you must remove the MongoDB applications themselves, the configuration files, and any directories containing data and logs. The following section guides you through the necessary steps.

Warning

This process will *completely* remove MongoDB, its configuration, and *all* databases. This process is not reversible, so ensure that all of your configuration and data is backed up before proceeding.

### Stop MongoDB.[¶][Link 14] ###

Stop the [ mongod][mongod] process by issuing the following command:

sudo service mongod stop

### Remove Packages.[¶][Link 15] ###

Remove any MongoDB packages that you had previously installed.

sudo apt-get purge mongodb-org*

### Remove Data Directories.[¶][Link 16] ###

Remove MongoDB databases and log files.

sudo rm -r /var/log/mongodb
    sudo rm -r /var/lib/mongodb

[Link 1]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#install-mongodb-community-edition-on-ubuntu
[Overview]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#overview
[Packages]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#packages
[Init Scripts]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#init-scripts
[Install MongoDB Community Edition]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#install-mongodb-community-edition
[Run MongoDB Community Edition]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#run-mongodb-community-edition
[Uninstall MongoDB Community Edition]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#uninstall-mongodb-community-edition
[_replica set]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/glossary/#term-replica-set
[_init scripts]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/glossary/#term-init-script
[_Configuration File]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/
[mongos]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongos/#bin.mongos
[_sharding]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/core/sharding/
[3.0]: https://docs.mongodb.org/v3.0/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/
[Link 2]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#import-the-public-key-used-by-the-package-management-system
[MongoDB public GPG Key]: https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-3.2.asc
[Link 3]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#create-a-list-file-for-mongodb
[Link 4]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#reload-local-package-database
[Link 5]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#install-the-mongodb-packages
[Link 6]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#install-the-latest-stable-version-of-mongodb
[Link 7]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#install-a-specific-release-of-mongodb
[Link 8]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#pin-a-specific-version-of-mongodb
[systemLog.path]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/#systemLog.path
[storage.dbPath]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/configuration-options/#storage.dbPath
[Link 9]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#start-mongodb
[mongod]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/reference/program/mongod/#bin.mongod
[Link 10]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#verify-that-mongodb-has-started-successfully
[Link 11]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#stop-mongodb
[Link 12]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#restart-mongodb
[Link 13]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#begin-using-mongodb
[_Getting Started Guides]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/#getting-started
[_Production Notes]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/administration/production-notes/
[Link 14]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#id5
[Link 15]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#remove-packages
[Link 16]: https://docs.mongodb.org/manual/tutorial/install-mongodb-on-ubuntu/#remove-data-directories