linux下mysql二进制包安装

野性酷女 2022-08-19 12:23 237阅读 0赞

centos 6.3下mysql 5.6.28 二进制包安装步骤：  
1.添加用户组和用户  
\[root@repl1 local\]\# groupadd mysql  
\[root@repl1 local\]\# cat /etc/group |grep mysql  
mysql:x:500:  
\[root@repl1 local\]\#   
\[root@repl1 local\]\# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql  
\[root@repl1 local\]\# export LANG=zh\_cn.GB2312  
\[root@repl1 local\]\# id mysql  
uid=496(mysql) gid=500(mysql) groups=500(mysql)  
\[root@repl1 local\]\#   
2.解压mysql二进制包  
\[root@repl1 local\]\# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.28-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64.tar.gz  
3.建立一个软连接  
\[root@repl1 local\]\# ln -s mysql-5.6.28-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64 mysql  
\[root@repl1 local\]\# ll  
total 305564  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      4096 Dec 15 16:23 bin  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      4096 Sep 23  2011 etc  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      4096 Sep 23  2011 games  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      4096 Dec 15 16:13 include  
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root      4096 Dec 16 15:37 keepalived  
drwxr-xr-x. 12 root root      4096 Dec 15 16:13 lib  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      4096 Sep 23  2011 lib64  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      4096 Sep 23  2011 libexec  
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root      4096 Dec 15 16:13 man  
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root        34 Jan 14 09:19 mysql -> mysql-5.6.28-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64  
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root      4096 Jan 14 09:05 mysql-5.6.28-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 312829487 Jan 13 10:49 mysql-5.6.28-linux-glibc2.5-x86\_64.tar.gz  
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root      4096 Dec 17 16:25 nutcracker  
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root      4096 Dec 15 17:33 redis  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      4096 Dec 17 15:24 sbin  
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root      4096 Nov 27 18:12 share  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root      4096 Sep 23  2011 src  
  
4.建立配置文件 /etc/my.cnf  
\[mysqld\]  
datadir=/var/data/mysql  
socket=/var/data/mysql/mysql.sock  
user=mysql  
  
5.建立数据目录  
\[root@repl1 var\]\# mkdir -p data/mysql  
\[root@repl1 var\]\# chown mysql:mysql -R data  
\[root@repl1 var\]\# ll  
total 96  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root   4096 Nov 27 18:16 account  
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root  root   4096 Nov 27 18:20 cache  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root   4096 Jun 22  2012 crash  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root  root   4096 Feb 22  2012 cvs  
drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql  4096 Jan 14 09:55 data  
  
权限修改  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# chown -R mysql .  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# chgrp -R mysql .  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# ls -al  
total 188  
drwxr-xr-x. 13 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 10:03 .  
drwxr-xr-x. 17 root  root    4096 Jan 14 09:19 ..  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql  17987 Nov 16 17:38 COPYING  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql 105684 Nov 16 18:45 INSTALL-BINARY  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql   2496 Nov 16 17:38 README  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:04 bin  
drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 data  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 docs  
drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 include  
drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 lib  
drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:04 man  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql    943 Jan 14 10:03 my-new.cnf  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql    943 Jan 14 09:26 my.cnf  
drwxr-xr-x. 10 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 mysql-test  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 scripts  
drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:04 share  
drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 sql-bench  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   4096 Jan 14 10:15 support-files  
  
6.初始化执行mysql\_install\_db脚本  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\#  ./scripts/mysql\_install\_db --user=mysql  
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.  
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:  
        LANGUAGE = (unset),  
        LC\_ALL = (unset),  
        LANG = "zh\_cn.GB2312"  
    are supported and installed on your system.  
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").  
Installing MySQL system tables...2016-01-14 10:23:49 0 \[Warning\] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit\_defaults\_for\_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 0 \[Note\] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.28) starting as process 5257 ...  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw\_locks use GCC atomic builtins  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib\_logfile101 size to 48 MB  
2016-01-14 10:23:49 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib\_logfile1 size to 48 MB  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib\_logfile101 to ./ib\_logfile0  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Warning\] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Warning\] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: 5.6.28 started; log sequence number 0  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] Binlog end  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.  
2016-01-14 10:23:50 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5257 \[Note\] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977 OK  
Filling help tables...2016-01-14 10:23:52 0 \[Warning\] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit\_defaults\_for\_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 0 \[Note\] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.28) starting as process 5282 ...  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw\_locks use GCC atomic builtins  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: 5.6.28 started; log sequence number 1625977  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] Binlog end  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.  
2016-01-14 10:23:52 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...  
2016-01-14 10:23:54 5282 \[Note\] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987  
OK  
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy  
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system  
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !  
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:  
  ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'  
  ./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h repl1 password 'new-password'  
Alternatively you can run:  
  ./bin/mysql\_secure\_installation  
which will also give you the option of removing the test  
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is  
strongly recommended for production servers.  
See the manual for more instructions.  
You can start the MySQL daemon with:  
  cd . ; ./bin/mysqld\_safe &  
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl  
  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl  
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/  
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at  
  http://www.mysql.com  
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com  
WARNING: Found existing config file ./my.cnf on the system.  
Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,  
but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)  
and when you later start the server.  
The new default config file was created as ./my-new.cnf,  
please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.  
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system  
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server  
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the  
\--defaults-file argument to mysqld\_safe when starting the server  
  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# chown -R root .  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# ll -al  
total 188  
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 10:03 .  
drwxr-xr-x. 17 root root    4096 Jan 14 09:19 ..  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 root mysql  17987 Nov 16 17:38 COPYING  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 root mysql 105684 Nov 16 18:45 INSTALL-BINARY  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 root mysql   2496 Nov 16 17:38 README  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:04 bin  
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 data  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 docs  
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 include  
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 lib  
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:04 man  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 root mysql    943 Jan 14 10:23 my-new.cnf  
\-rw-r--r--.  1 root mysql    943 Jan 14 09:26 my.cnf  
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 mysql-test  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 scripts  
drwxr-xr-x. 28 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:04 share  
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 09:05 sql-bench  
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root mysql   4096 Jan 14 10:15 support-files  
  
7.启动mysql  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# ./bin/mysqld\_safe --user=mysql &  
\[1\] 5326  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# 160114 10:25:37 mysqld\_safe Logging to '/var/data/mysql/repl1.err'.  
160114 10:25:37 mysqld\_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/data/mysql  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# ls  
\[root@ndbcluster1 tmp\]\# ps -ef |grep mysql  
root     12993     1  0 Jan06 ?        00:56:04 ndb\_mgmd -f /var/lib/mysql-cluster/config.ini --initial  
root     13065     1  0 Jan06 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld\_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/ndbcluster1.pid  
mysql    13262 13065  0 Jan06 ?        00:36:49 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/lib/mysql/ndbcluster1.err --pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/ndbcluster1.pid  
  
8.登录  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# ./bin/mysql -uroot -p  
Enter password:   
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)  
登录报错了，通过socketd登录，但/tmp下没有socket文件，原因是由于我在参数文件中执定socket  
用指定socket进行登录  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# ./bin/mysql --socket=/var/data/mysql/mysql.sock   
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \\g.  
Your MySQL connection id is 1  
Server version: 5.6.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)  
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.  
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its  
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective  
owners.  
Type 'help;' or '\\h' for help. Type '\\c' to clear the current input statement.  
mysql> show databases;  
\+--------------------+  
| Database           |  
\+--------------------+  
| information\_schema |  
| mysql              |  
| performance\_schema |  
| test               |  
\+--------------------+  
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)  
或者通过网络登录  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# ./bin/mysql --protocol=tcp  -uroot -p  
修改root密码  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# ./bin/mysqladmin  --socket=/var/data/mysql/mysql.sock -u root password '123456';  
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.  
由于这样登录比较麻烦  
可以把参数文件中的socket注释掉，登录默认读取socket文件/tmp/mysql.sock  
然后重启mysql   
再次登录正常  
停止mysql可以使用  
./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 shutdown  
  
启动停止登录都需要指定mysql全目录  
把mysql的bin目录添加环境变量中/etc/profile  
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin  
source /etc/profile 环境变量生效  
  
把mysql启动设置为服务  
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld  
chkconfig --add mysqld  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\# chkconfig --add mysqld  
\[root@repl1 mysql\]\#   
\[root@repl1 ~\]\# chkconfig --list mysqld   
mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off  
\[root@repl1 ~\]\# service mysqld status  
MySQL running (5687)                                       \[纭甝  
验证  
\[root@repl1 ~\]\# service mysqld stop  
Shutting down MySQL..                                      \[纭甝  
\[root@repl1 ~\]\# service mysqld start  
Starting MySQL.                                            \[纭甝  
\[root@repl1 ~\]\#   
  
添加系统重启mysql启动也可以通过在/etc/rc.local中添加如下：  
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld\_safe --user=mysql &  
  
mysql 官方的安装：  
shell> groupadd mysql  
shell> useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql  
shell> cd /usr/local  
shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz  
shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql  
shell> cd mysql  
shell> chown -R mysql .  
shell> chgrp -R mysql .  
shell> scripts/mysql\_install\_db --user=mysql  
shell> chown -R root .  
shell> chown -R mysql data  
shell> bin/mysqld\_safe --user=mysql &  
\# Next command is optional  
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server