java反射(转载)

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-08-19 05:47 119阅读 0赞

# Java 反射 #

标签： Java基础

--------------------

## 动态语言 ##

> 动态语言，是指程序在运行时可以改变其结构：新的函数可以被引进，已有的函数可以被删除等在结构上的变化。比如众所周知的ECMAScript(JavaScript)便是一个动态语言。除此之外如Ruby、Python等也都属于动态语言，而C、C++等语言则不属于动态语言。(引自: [百度百科][Link 1])

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">var execString = "alert(Math.floor(Math.random()*10));";
 eval(execString);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

--------------------

## `Class`反射机制 ##

*  指的是可以于运行时加载,探知和使用编译期间完全未知的类.
 *  程序在运行状态中, 可以动态加载一个只有名称的类, 对于任意一个已经加载的类,都能够知道这个类的所有属性和方法; 对于任意一个对象,都能调用他的任意一个方法和属性;
 *  加载完类之后, 在堆内存中会产生一个`Class`类型的对象(一个类只有一个Class对象), 这个对象包含了完整的类的结构信息,而且这个`Class`对象就像一面镜子,透过这个镜子看到类的结构,所以被称之为:`反射`.

> Instances of the class `Class` represent classes and interfaces in a running Java application. An enum is a kind of class and an annotation is a kind of interface. Every array also belongs to a class that is reflected as a `Class` object that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number of dimensions(维度). The primitive Java types (`boolean`, `byte`, `char`, `short`, `int`, `long`, `float`, and `double`), and the keyword `void` are also represented as `Class` objects.

*  每个类被加载进入内存之后,系统就会为该类生成一个对应的`java.lang.Class`对象,通过该`Class`对象就可以访问到JVM中的这个类.
    
    --------------------

### Class对象的获取 ###

*  对象的`getClass()`方法;
 *  类的`.class`(最安全/性能最好)属性;
 *  运用`Class.forName(String className)`动态加载类,`className`需要是类的全限定名(最常用).
    
    --------------------

### 从Class中获取信息 ###

`Class`类提供了大量的实例方法来获取该Class对象所对应的详细信息,Class类大致包含如下方法,其中每个方法都包含多个重载版本,因此我们只是做简单的介绍,详细请参考[JDK文档][JDK]

*  获取类内信息

<table style="width:945.455px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238); color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:'microsoft yahei'; font-size:13.6364px; line-height:25.9943px; widows:auto"> 
 <thead style=""> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <th align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 获取内容</th> 
 <th align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 方法签名</th> 
 </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody style=""> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 构造器</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Constructor&lt;T&gt; getConstructor(Class&lt;?&gt;... parameterTypes)</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 包含的方法</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Method getMethod(String name, Class&lt;?&gt;... parameterTypes)</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 包含的属性</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Field getField(String name)</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 包含的<code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Annotation</code></td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">&lt;A extends Annotation&gt; A getAnnotation(Class&lt;A&gt; annotationClass)</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 内部类</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Class&lt;?&gt;[] getDeclaredClasses()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 外部类</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Class&lt;?&gt; getDeclaringClass()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 所实现的接口</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Class&lt;?&gt;[] getInterfaces()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 修饰符</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">int getModifiers()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 所在包</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Package getPackage()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 类名</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">String getName()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 简称</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">String getSimpleName()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

*  一些判断类本身信息的方法

<table style="width:945.455px; border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238); color:rgb(0,0,0); font-family:'microsoft yahei'; font-size:13.6364px; line-height:25.9943px; widows:auto"> 
 <thead style=""> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <th align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 判断内容</th> 
 <th align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 方法签名</th> 
 </tr> 
 </thead> 
 <tbody style=""> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 注解类型?</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">boolean isAnnotation()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 使用了该<code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Annotation</code>修饰?</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">boolean isAnnotationPresent(Class&lt;? extends Annotation&gt; annotationClass)</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 匿名类?</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">boolean isAnonymousClass()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 数组?</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">boolean isArray()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 枚举?</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">boolean isEnum()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 原始类型?</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">boolean isPrimitive()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> 接口?</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">boolean isInterface()</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style=""> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">obj</code>是否是该<code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">Class</code>的实例</td> 
 <td align="left" style="padding:8px; line-height:20px; vertical-align:top; border:1px solid rgb(238,238,238)"> <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.727272033691406px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">boolean isInstance(Object obj)</code></td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

*  使用反射生成并操作对象:   
    
    
    > `Method` `Constructor` `Field`这些类都实现了`java.lang.reflect.Member`接口,程序可以通过`Method`对象来执行相应的方法,通过`Constructor`对象来调用对应的构造器创建实例,通过`Filed`对象直接访问和修改对象的成员变量值.

--------------------

## 创建对象 ##

通过反射来生成对象的方式有两种:

*  使用`Class`对象的`newInstance()`方法来创建该`Class`对象对应类的实例(这种方式要求该Class对象的对应类有默认构造器).
 *  先使用`Class`对象获取指定的`Constructor`对象, 再调用Constructor对象的`newInstance()`方法来创建该Class对象对应类的实例(通过这种方式可以选择指定的构造器来创建实例).

通过第一种方式来创建对象比较常见, 像Spring这种框架都需要根据配置文件(如`applicationContext.xml`)信息来创建Java对象,从配置文件中读取的只是某个类的全限定名字符串,程序需要根据该字符串来创建对应的实例,就必须使用默认的构造器来反射对象.   
下面我们就模拟Spring实现一个简单的对象池, 该对象池会根据文件读取key-value对, 然后创建这些对象, 并放入`Map`中.

*  配置文件

*  ObjectPool

*  Client

*  User

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">public class User {
 
 private int id;
 private String name;
 private String password;
 
 public int getId() {
 return id;
 }
 
 public void setId(Integer id) {
 this.id = id;
 }
 
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
 
 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
 
 public String getPassword() {
 return password;
 }
 
 public void setPassword(String password) {
 this.password = password;
 }
 
 @Override
 public String toString() {
 return "User{" +
 "id=" + id +
 ", name='" + name + '\'' +
 ", password='" + password + '\'' +
 '}';
 }
 }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li></ul>

*  Bean

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">public class Bean {
 private Boolean usefull;
 private BigDecimal rate;
 private String name;
 
 public Boolean getUsefull() {
 return usefull;
 }
 
 public void setUsefull(Boolean usefull) {
 this.usefull = usefull;
 }
 
 public BigDecimal getRate() {
 return rate;
 }
 
 public void setRate(BigDecimal rate) {
 this.rate = rate;
 }
 
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
 
 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
 
 @Override
 public String toString() {
 return "Bean{" +
 "usefull=" + usefull +
 ", rate=" + rate +
 ", name='" + name + '\'' +
 '}';
 }
 }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li></ul>

注意: 需要在pom.xml中添加如下依赖:

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><dependency>
 <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
 <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
 <version>1.2.7</version>
 </dependency>
 
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
 <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
 <version>18.0</version>
 </dependency></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>

--------------------

## 调用方法 ##

当获取到某个类对应的Class对象之后, 就可以通过该Class对象的`getMethod`来获取一个Method数组或Method对象.每个Method对象对应一个方法,在获得Method对象之后,就可以通过调用invoke方法来调用该Method对象对应的方法.

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">@CallerSensitive
 public Object invoke(Object obj, Object... args)
 throws IllegalAccessException, IllegalArgumentException,
 InvocationTargetException
 {
 ...
 }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

下面我们对上面的对象池加强:可以看到`Client`获取到的对象的成员变量全都是默认值,既然我们已经使用了JSON这么优秀的工具,我们又学习了动态调用对象的方法,那么我们就通过配置文件来给对象设置值(在对象创建时), 新的配置文件形式如下:

<code class="hljs json has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">{
 "objects": [
 {
 "id": "id1",
 "class": "com.fq.domain.User",
 "fields": [
 {
 "name": "id",
 "value": 101
 },
 {
 "name": "name",
 "value": "feiqing"
 },
 {
 "name": "password",
 "value": "ICy5YqxZB1uWSwcVLSNLcA=="
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "id": "id2",
 "class": "com.fq.domain.Bean",
 "fields": [
 {
 "name": "usefull",
 "value": true
 },
 {
 "name": "rate",
 "value": 3.14
 },
 {
 "name": "name",
 "value": "bean-name"
 }
 ]
 },
 {
 "id": "id3",
 "class": "com.fq.domain.ComplexBean",
 "fields": [
 {
 "name": "name",
 "value": "complex-bean-name"
 },
 {
 "name": "refBean",
 "ref": "id2"
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li></ul>

其中`fields`代表该`Bean`所包含的属性, `name`为属性名称, `value`为属性值(属性类型为JSON支持的类型), `ref`代表引用一个对象(也就是属性类型为`Object`,但是一定要引用一个已经存在了的对象)

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">/**
 * @author jifang
 * @since 15/12/31下午4:00
 */
 public class ObjectPool {
 
 private Map<String, Object> pool;
 
 private ObjectPool(Map<String, Object> pool) {
 this.pool = pool;
 }
 
 private static JSONArray getObjects(String config) throws IOException {
 Reader reader = new InputStreamReader(ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(config));
 return JSONObject.parseObject(CharStreams.toString(reader)).getJSONArray("objects");
 }
 
 private static Object getInstance(String className, JSONArray fields)
 throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException,
 IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException, InvocationTargetException {
 
 // 配置的Class
 Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(className);
 // 目标Class的实例对象
 Object targetObject = clazz.newInstance();
 if (fields != null && fields.size() != 0) {
 for (int i = 0; i < fields.size(); ++i) {
 JSONObject field = fields.getJSONObject(i);
 // 需要设置的成员变量名
 String fieldName = field.getString("name");
 
 // 需要设置的成员变量的值
 Object fieldValue;
 if (field.containsKey("value")) {
 fieldValue = field.get("value");
 } else if (field.containsKey("ref")) {
 String refBeanId = field.getString("ref");
 fieldValue = OBJECTPOOL.getObject(refBeanId);
 } else {
 throw new RuntimeException("neither value nor ref");
 }
 
 String setterName = "set" +
 fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() +
 fieldName.substring(1);
 // 需要设置的成员变量的setter方法
 Method setterMethod = clazz.getMethod(setterName, fieldValue.getClass());
 // 调用setter方法将值设置进去
 setterMethod.invoke(targetObject, fieldValue);
 }
 }
 
 return targetObject;
 }
 
 private static ObjectPool OBJECTPOOL;
 
 // 创建一个对象池的实例(保证是多线程安全的)
 private static void initSingletonPool() {
 if (OBJECTPOOL == null) {
 synchronized (ObjectPool.class) {
 if (OBJECTPOOL == null) {
 OBJECTPOOL = new ObjectPool(new HashMap<String, Object>());
 }
 }
 }
 }
 
 // 根据指定的JSON配置文件来初始化对象池
 public static ObjectPool init(String config) {
 // 初始化pool
 initSingletonPool();
 
 try {
 JSONArray objects = getObjects(config);
 for (int i = 0; objects != null && i < objects.size(); ++i) {
 JSONObject object = objects.getJSONObject(i);
 if (object == null || object.size() == 0) {
 continue;
 }
 String id = object.getString("id");
 String className = object.getString("class");
 
 // 初始化bean并放入池中
 OBJECTPOOL.putObject(id, getInstance(className, object.getJSONArray("fields")));
 }
 return OBJECTPOOL;
 } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException |
 InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException |
 NoSuchMethodException | InvocationTargetException e) {
 throw new RuntimeException(e);
 }
 }
 
 public Object getObject(String id) {
 return pool.get(id);
 }
 
 public void putObject(String id, Object object) {
 pool.put(id, object);
 }
 
 public void clear() {
 pool.clear();
 }
 }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">84</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">85</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">86</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">87</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">88</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">89</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">90</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">91</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">92</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">93</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">94</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">95</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">96</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">97</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">98</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">99</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">100</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">101</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">102</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">103</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">104</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">105</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">106</li></ul>

*  Client

*  ComplexBean

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">public class ComplexBean {
 
 private String name;
 
 private Bean refBean;
 
 public String getName() {
 return name;
 }
 
 public void setName(String name) {
 this.name = name;
 }
 
 public Bean getRefBean() {
 return refBean;
 }
 
 public void setRefBean(Bean refBean) {
 this.refBean = refBean;
 }
 
 @Override
 public String toString() {
 return "ComplexBean{" +
 "name='" + name + '\'' +
 ", refBean=" + refBean +
 '}';
 }
 }
 </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li></ul>

Spring框架就是通过这种方式将成员变量值以及依赖对象等都放在配置文件中进行管理的,从而实现了较好地解耦(不过Spring是通过XML作为配置文件).

--------------------

## 访问成员变量 ##

通过`Class`对象的的`getField()`方法可以获取该类所包含的全部或指定的成员变量`Field`,`Filed`提供了如下两组方法来读取和设置成员变量值.

*  `getXxx(Object obj)`: 获取obj对象的该成员变量的值, 此处的Xxx对应8中基本类型,如果该成员变量的类型是引用类型, 则取消get后面的Xxx;
 *  `setXxx(Object obj, Xxx val)`: 将obj对象的该成员变量值设置成val值.此处的Xxx对应8种基本类型, 如果该成员类型是引用类型, 则取消set后面的Xxx;

注: getDeclaredXxx方法可以获取所有的成员变量,无论private/public;

--------------------

## 使用反射获取泛型信息 ##

为了通过反射操作泛型以迎合实际开发的需要, Java新增了`java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType` `java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType``java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable` `java.lang.reflect.WildcardType`几种类型来代表不能归一到Class类型但是又和原始类型同样重要的类型.

其中, 我们可以使用`ParameterizedType`来获取泛型信息.

--------------------

## 使用反射获取注解 ##

使用反射获取注解信息的相关介绍, 请参看我的博客[Java注解实践][Java]

--------------------

## 反射性能测试 ##

`Method/Constructor/Field/Element`都继承了`AccessibleObject`,`AccessibleObject`类中有一个`setAccessible`方法:

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">public void setAccessible(boolean flag) throws SecurityException {
 ...
 }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

该方法有两个作用:   
1. 启用/禁用访问安全检查开关:值为true,则指示反射的对象在使用时取消Java语言访问检查;值为false,则指示应该实施Java语言的访问检查;   
2. 可以禁止安全检查, 提高反射的运行效率.

执行上面程序,在我的机器上会有如下结果:   
![6d3be95016c7d953.png][]   
机器配置信息如下:   
![9aa0dae43500afb4.png][]  
可以看到使用反射会比直接调用慢`3000毫秒`,但是前提是该方法会执行20E+次(而且服务器的性能也肯定比我的机器要高),因此在我们的实际开发中,其实是不用担心反射机制带来的性能消耗的,而且禁用访问权限检查,也会有性能的提升.

[Link 1]: http://baike.baidu.com/link?url=mrgpl84UGDDAsAA-ZUdUKiSLG3poWhTQUiau-nEvLRypGfjhJCjgjPu6JSfKKoYSgXgxolJcyaMT9qiyJ-SWqK
[JDK]: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Class.html
[Java]: http://blog.csdn.net/zjf280441589/article/details/50444343
[6d3be95016c7d953.png]: http://i4.tietuku.com/6d3be95016c7d953.png
[9aa0dae43500afb4.png]: http://i4.tietuku.com/9aa0dae43500afb4.png