SAP BW QUERY VARIABLES (BW增强变量)

ゝ一纸荒年。 2022-08-18 13:15 256阅读 0赞

转载地址：[http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog\_7ecc958c0102uxoy.html][http_blog.sina.com.cn_s_blog_7ecc958c0102uxoy.html]

**About Variable:**

1.Variable 是和InfoObject绑定的，可用于任何含有该IO的query中。

2.Variable有以下几种类型：

*  Characteristic：用于限制Char。
 *  Text：用于在报表动态显示文本。
 *  Hierarchy：用于限制Hierarchy。
 *  Hieararchy Node：用于限制Hierarchy Node。
 *  Formula: 可以在公式中使用变量，让用户输入一个数，读取某个Char.的属性（例如Prduct的price属性)等来用于计算。

**Offset的应用：设置偏移量**

SAP BI Content内置了很多标准变量。当其无法满足需求时，有时仅仅需要设置下偏移量就可以满足需求了。

例如系统已经有了当前月份的变量，通过偏移就可以获得上N个月和下N个月的变量，无需增强。

**定义Customer Exit Variables（BW 3.x ，BI7 类似）**

客户出口变量可以通过程序来处理变量逻辑。定义过程如下：

1.在query designer中，右键单击要建立变量的characteristic,选择New variable.

2.设置为customer exit类型

3.进入CMOD，修改：Enhancement      Exp   RSR00001 BI: Enhancements for Global Variables in Reporting-->Function exit        EXIT\_SAPLRRS0\_001-->INCLUDE ZXRSRU01 。该Function Module 将在query运行时被调用多次。

3-1：调用前，系统将其他变量的当前值保存在内表 ** I\_T\_VAR\_RANGE**中。The table type is RRS0\_T\_VAR\_RANGE, and row type RRS0\_S\_VAR\_RANGE references structure RRRANGEEXIT.This structure has the following fields:

<table style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border-collapse:collapse"> 
 <tbody> 
 <tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border:1pt solid windowtext; width:221.4pt"> Field </td> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:1pt 1pt 1pt medium; border-style:solid solid solid none; width:221.4pt"> Description </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt; border-style:none solid solid; width:221.4pt"> VNAM </td> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style:none solid solid none; width:221.4pt"> Variable name </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt; border-style:none solid solid; width:221.4pt"> IOBJNM </td> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style:none solid solid none; width:221.4pt"> InfoObject name </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt; border-style:none solid solid; width:221.4pt"> SIGN </td> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style:none solid solid none; width:221.4pt"> (I)ncluding&nbsp;[&nbsp;]&nbsp;or (E)xcluding&nbsp;]&nbsp;[ </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt; border-style:none solid solid; width:221.4pt"> OPT </td> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style:none solid solid none; width:221.4pt"> Operators: EQ =, BT&nbsp;[&nbsp;], LE&nbsp;&lt;&lt;/span&gt;=, LT&nbsp;&lt;&lt;/span&gt;, GE&nbsp;&gt;=, GT&nbsp;&gt;, CP, and so on </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt; border-style:none solid solid; width:221.4pt"> LOW </td> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style:none solid solid none; width:221.4pt"> Characteristic value </td> 
 </tr> 
 <tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt; border-style:none solid solid; width:221.4pt"> HIGH </td> 
 <td style="margin:0px; padding:0in 5.4pt; font-family:Verdana,宋体,sans-serif; line-height:18px; border-width:medium 1pt 1pt medium; border-style:none solid solid none; width:221.4pt"> Characteristic value of upper limit for intervals or node InfoObject for hierarchy nodes </td> 
 </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

3-2：每次调用时，系统会传递参数值给Function Module。其中，比较重要的参数如下：

**I\_STEP** 标识了该调用发生的时机：

*   I\_STEP = 1: Call is made directly before variable entry.
 *  I\_STEP = 2: Call is made directly after variable entry. This step is only executed if the same variable is **not input-ready and could not be filled for I\_STEP = 1**.
 *  I\_STEP = 3: In this call, you can check the values of the variables. When an exception (RAISE) is triggered, the variable screen appears again. I\_STEP = 2 is then also called again.
 *   I\_STEP = 0: The enhancement is not called from the variable screen. The call can originate from the authorization check or from the monitor.

**I\_VNAM**标识了当前要处理的变量。

3-3：完成变量的处理之后，应将变量的值写入**E\_T\_RANGE**。

Sample Code:

DATA: L\_S\_RANGE TYPE RSR\_S\_RANGESID.

DATA: L\_S\_VAR\_RANGE TYPE RRRANGEEXIT.

CASE I\_VNAM.

WHEN 'CUMMONTH'.

IF I\_STEP = 2. "after the popup

READ TABLE  I\_T\_VAR\_RANGE  INTO  L\_S\_VAR\_RANGE WITH KEY  VNAM = 'MONTH'.

IF SY-SUBRC = 0.

CLEAR L\_S\_RANGE.  
                                       L\_S\_RANGE-LOW = LOC\_VAR\_RANGE-LOW(4)."low value, for example, 200601  
                                       L\_S\_RANGE-LOW+4(2) = '01'.  
                                       L\_S\_RANGE-HIGH = LOC\_VAR\_RANGE-LOW. "high value = input  
                                       L\_S\_RANGE-SIGN = 'I'.  
                                       L\_S\_RANGE-OPT = 'BT'.  
                                     APPEND L\_S\_RANGE TO E\_T\_RANGE.  
                               ENDIF.  
               ENDIF.  
ENDCASE.

查看SAP Exit变量

SAP Exit变量为我们编写customer exit变量提供了很好的参考。

1. SE16 查看表  **RSZGLOBV**  可以得到系统全部变量的列表，选择process type=SAP Exit，即可获得所有的SAP Exit变量列表

2. SE37 查看  **RREX\_VARIABLE\_EXIT**  或 **RSVAREXIT\_ \***  可以找到SAP Exit变量的代码

[http_blog.sina.com.cn_s_blog_7ecc958c0102uxoy.html]: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7ecc958c0102uxoy.html