[转]MySQL高可用性之Keepalived+Mysql（双主热备）

水深无声 2022-08-17 15:19 176阅读 0赞

环境描述：

OS：CentOS6.5_X64
    MASTER：192.168.0.202
    BACKUP：192.168.0.203
    VIP：192.168.0.204
       
        
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1、配置两台Mysql主主同步

[root@master ~]# yum install mysql-server mysql -y
    [root@master ~]# service mysqld start
    [root@master ~]# mysqladmin -u root password 123.com
    [root@master ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf #开启二进制日志，设置id
    [mysqld]
    server-id = 1                    #backup这台设置2
    log-bin = mysql-bin
    binlog-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema       #忽略写入binlog日志的库
    auto-increment-increment = 2             #字段变化增量值
    auto-increment-offset = 1              #初始字段ID为1
    slave-skip-errors = all                       #忽略所有复制产生的错误 
    [root@master ~]# service mysqld restart
       
        
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先查看下log bin日志和pos值位置   
![这里写图片描述][20150629181758847]

master配置如下：

[root@ master ~]# mysql -u root -p123.com
    mysql> GRANT  REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED  BY 'replication';
    mysql> flush  privileges;
    mysql> change  master to
        -> master_host='192.168.0.203',     -> master_user='replication',     -> master_password='replication',     -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',     -> master_log_pos=106; #对端状态显示的值 mysql> start  slave;         #启动同步
       
        
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backup配置如下：

[root@backup ~]#  mysql -u root -p123.com
    mysql> GRANT  REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED  BY 'replication';
    mysql> flush  privileges;
    mysql> change  master to
        -> master_host='192.168.0.202',     -> master_user='replication',     -> master_password='replication',     -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',     -> master_log_pos=106; mysql> start  slave;
       
        
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主主同步配置完毕，查看同步状态Slave\_IO和Slave\_SQL是YES说明主主同步成功。   
![这里写图片描述][20150629181918439]

在master插入数据测试下：   
![这里写图片描述][20150629181951781]

在backup查看是否同步成功：   
![这里写图片描述][20150629182016620]

可以看到已经成功同步过去，同样在backup插入到user表数据，一样同步过去，双主就做成功了。

2、配置keepalived实现热备

[root@backup ~]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel #安装依赖包
       
        
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[root@master ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
    [root@master ~]# tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
    [root@master ~]# cd keepalived-1.2.7
    [root@master ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
    make && make install
       
        
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将keepalived配置成系统服务

[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
    [root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
    [root@master ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived/
    [root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
    [root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
       
        
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[root@master ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    ! Configuration File forkeepalived
    global_defs {
    notification_email {
    test@sina.com
     }
    notification_email_from  admin@test.com
    smtp_server 127.0.0.1
    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    router_id MYSQL_HA      #标识，双主相同
     }
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
     state BACKUP           #两台都设置BACKUP
     interface eth0
     virtual_router_id 51       #主备相同
     priority 100           #优先级，backup设置90
     advert_int 1
     nopreempt             #不主动抢占资源，只在master这台优先级高的设置，backup不设置
     authentication {
     auth_type PASS
     auth_pass 1111
     }
     virtual_ipaddress {
     192.168.0.204
     }
    }
    virtual_server 192.168.0.204 3306 {
     delay_loop 2
     #lb_algo rr #LVS算法，用不到，我们就关闭了
     #lb_kind DR #LVS模式，如果不关闭，备用服务器不能通过VIP连接主MySQL
     persistence_timeout 50  #同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台真实服务器
     protocol TCP
     real_server 192.168.0.202 3306 {   #检测本地mysql，backup也要写检测本地mysql
     weight 3
     notify_down /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh    #当mysq服down时，执行此脚本，杀死keepalived实现切换
     TCP_CHECK {
     connect_timeout 3    #连接超时
     nb_get_retry 3       #重试次数
     delay_before_retry 3 #重试间隔时间
      }
    }
       
        
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[root@master ~]# vi /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
    #!/bin/bash
    pkill keepalived
    [root@master ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/keepalived/mysql.sh
    [root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
       
        
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backup服务器只修改priority为90、nopreempt不设置、real\_server设置本地IP。

授权两台Mysql服务器允许root远程登录，用于在其他服务器登陆测试！

mysql> grant all on *.* to'root'@'192.168.0.%' identified by '123.com';
    mysql> flush privileges;
       
        
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3、测试高可用性

1、通过Mysql客户端通过VIP连接，看是否连接成功。
    2、停止master这台mysql服务，是否能正常切换过去，可通过ip addr命令来查看VIP在哪台服务器上。
    3、可通过查看/var/log/messges日志，看出主备切换过程
    4、master服务器故障恢复后，是否主动抢占资源，成为活动服务器。
       
        
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本文出自 “李振良的技术博客” 博客 http://lizhenliang.blog.51cto.com/7876557/1362313
       
        
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[20150629181758847]: /images/20220731/d43c3e663eb84241abf533338dcb9ec8.png
[20150629181918439]: /images/20220731/2ac4039025b5463fb3fff94bbf3e5291.png
[20150629181951781]: /images/20220731/d2b6bbf98f5144ef951228fcd1a81837.png
[20150629182016620]: /images/20220731/214ad7f9220241a58d1b297b46bcf52b.png