SQL 语句查看表结构

亦凉 2022-08-13 12:40 272阅读 0赞

exec sp\_help ‘表名’

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怎样在sql sever中用sql命令查看表结构？

可以使用内置的存储过程sp\_MShelpcolumns。  
如查询表B\_RWZL的结构：  
sp\_MShelpcolumns 'dbo.B\_RWZL'

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（1）  
SELECT  
表名=case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end,  
表说明=case when a.colorder=1 then isnull(f.value,'') else '' end,  
字段序号=a.colorder,  
字段名=a.name,  
标识=case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else '' end,  
主键=case when exists(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects where xtype='PK' and parent\_obj=a.id and name in (  
SELECT name FROM sysindexes WHERE indid in(  
SELECT indid FROM sysindexkeys WHERE id = a.id AND colid=a.colid  
))) then '√' else '' end,  
类型=b.name,  
占用字节数=a.length,  
长度=COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),  
小数位数=isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),  
允许空=case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end,  
默认值=isnull(e.text,''),  
字段说明=isnull(g.\[value\],'')  
FROM syscolumns a  
left join systypes b on a.xusertype=b.xusertype  
inner join sysobjects d on a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties'  
left join syscomments e on a.cdefault=e.id  
left join sysproperties g on a.id=g.id and a.colid=g.smallid  
left join sysproperties f on d.id=f.id and f.smallid=0  
\--where d.name='要查询的表' --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件  
order by a.id,a.colorder  
  
（2）  
  
SQL2000系统表的应用  
\--1：获取当前数据库中的所有用户表  
  
select Name from sysobjects where xtype='u' and status>=0  
  
\--2：获取某一个表的所有字段  
  
select name from syscolumns where id=object\_id('表名')  
  
\--3：查看与某一个表相关的视图、存储过程、函数  
  
select a.\* from sysobjects a, syscomments b where a.id = b.id and b.text like '%表名%'  
  
\--4：查看当前数据库中所有存储过程  
  
select name as 存储过程名称 from sysobjects where xtype='P'  
  
\--5：查询用户创建的所有数据库  
  
select \* from master..sysdatabases D where sid not in(select sid from master..syslogins where name='sa')  
  
或者  
  
select dbid, name AS DB\_NAME from master..sysdatabases where sid <> 0x01  
  
\--6：查询某一个表的字段和数据类型  
  
select column\_name,data\_type from information\_schema.columns  
where table\_name = '表名'  
  
\--7:取得表字段的描述  
select name,  
(select value from sysproperties where id = syscolumns.id and smallid=syscolumns.colid) as 描述  
from syscolumns where id=object\_id('表名')