Gearman介绍、调研、测试与原理分析

你的名字 2022-08-12 18:58 215阅读 0赞

[Gearman分布式任务处理系统][Gearman]

gearman是什么？

它是分布式的程序调用框架，可完成跨语言的相互调用，适合在后台运行工作任务。最初是2005年perl版本，2008年发布C/C++版本。目前大部分源码都是（Gearmand服务job Server）C++，各个API实现有各种语言的版本。PHP的Client API与Worker API实现为C扩展，在PHP官方网站有此扩展的中英文文档。

gearman架构中的三个角色

client：请求的发起者，工作任务的需求方（可以是C、PHP、Java、Perl、Mysql udf等等）  
Job Server：请求的调度者，负责将client的请求转发给相应的worker（gearmand服务进程创建）  
worker：请求的处理者（可以是C、PHP、Java、Perl等等）

gearman是如何工作的？

[![是如何工作的][0275a8ea5c41a304717b97db0e58e51a.png]][0275a8ea5c41a304717b97db0e58e51a.png]  
从上图可以看出，Gearman Client API，Gearman Worker API，Gearman Job Server都是由gearman本身提供，我们在应用中只需要调用即可。目前client与worker api都很丰富。

gearman的吞吐能力

经过的测试，结果如下：

系统环境：ubuntu-14.0.4 1个CPU 4核 2G内存 （虚拟机）

默认启动：./gearmand -d

client.php

<table style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; border-collapse:collapse!important"> 
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  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

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 </tbody> 
</table>

<table style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; border-collapse:collapse!important"> 
 <tbody style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
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   <td style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:3em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0.3em 0px 0px!important; outline:0px!important; text-align:right!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:2.7em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:block!important">12</code></td> 
   <td style="border-width:0px 0px 0px 3px!important; border-left-style:solid!important; border-left-color:rgb(67,90,95)!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0px 0px 0.5em!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(255,170,62)!important">echo</code>&nbsp;<code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(92,230,56)!important">"end..."</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">, microtime(true),&nbsp;</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(92,230,56)!important">"\n"</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">;</code></td> 
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</table>

worker.php

<table style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; border-collapse:collapse!important"> 
 <tbody style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
  <tr style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
   <td style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:3em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0.3em 0px 0px!important; outline:0px!important; text-align:right!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:2.7em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:block!important">4</code></td> 
   <td style="border-width:0px 0px 0px 3px!important; border-left-style:solid!important; border-left-color:rgb(67,90,95)!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0px 0px 0.5em!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(255,170,62)!important">$gmw</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">-&gt;addFunction(</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(92,230,56)!important">"reserve"</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">,&nbsp;</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(91,161,207)!important">function</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">(</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(255,170,62)!important">$job</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">) { </code></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

<table style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; border-collapse:collapse!important"> 
 <tbody style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
  <tr style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
   <td style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:3em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0.3em 0px 0px!important; outline:0px!important; text-align:right!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:2.7em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:block!important">5</code></td> 
   <td style="border-width:0px 0px 0px 3px!important; border-left-style:solid!important; border-left-color:rgb(67,90,95)!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0px 0px 0.5em!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(91,161,207)!important">if</code>&nbsp;<code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">(</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(255,170,62)!important">$job</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">-&gt;unique() == 99999) { </code></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

<table style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; border-collapse:collapse!important"> 
 <tbody style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
  <tr style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
   <td style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:3em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0.3em 0px 0px!important; outline:0px!important; text-align:right!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:2.7em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:block!important">6</code></td> 
   <td style="border-width:0px 0px 0px 3px!important; border-left-style:solid!important; border-left-color:rgb(67,90,95)!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0px 0px 0.5em!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(255,170,62)!important">echo</code>&nbsp;<code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">microtime(true),&nbsp;</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(92,230,56)!important">"\n"</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">;</code></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

<table style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; border-collapse:collapse!important"> 
 <tbody style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
  <tr style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important"> 
   <td style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:3em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0.3em 0px 0px!important; outline:0px!important; text-align:right!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:2.7em!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:block!important">8</code></td> 
   <td style="border-width:0px 0px 0px 3px!important; border-left-style:solid!important; border-left-color:rgb(67,90,95)!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px 0px 0px 0.5em!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:top!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; color:rgb(185,189,182)!important"> <code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(91,161,207)!important">return</code>&nbsp;<code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(255,170,62)!important">strrev</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">(</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important; color:rgb(255,170,62)!important">$job</code><code style="border:0px!important; margin:0px!important; padding:0px!important; outline:0px!important; float:none!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; position:static!important; left:auto!important; top:auto!important; right:auto!important; bottom:auto!important; height:auto!important; width:auto!important; line-height:1.1em!important; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:1em!important; direction:ltr!important; display:inline!important">-&gt;workload());</code></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

启动一个job server实例：job server IP:127.0.0.1 PORT:4730

启动一个worker: php worker.php

worker注册reserve函数，将client的job字符串反转后返回。

client工作任务的消息为：just test it（12字节）

同步：4100/s异步：25700/s

memcached内存准持久化的吞吐能力测试./gearmand -d -q libmemcached --libmemcached-servers=127.0.0.1:11211

client投递100000个工作任务：16400/s

gearman典型的部署结构

[![gearman典型的部署结构][gearman]][gearman]

从上图可以看出，gearman支持的特性：

1.高可用

启动两个job server，他们是独立的服务进程，有各自的内存队列。当一个job server进程出现故障，另一个job server可以正常调度。（worker api与client api可以完成job server故障的切换）。在任何时候我们可以关闭某个worker，即使那个worker正在处理工作任务（Gearman不会让正在被执行的job丢失的，由于worker在工作时与Job server是长连接，所以一旦worker发生异常，Job server能够迅速感知并重新派发这个异常worker刚才正在执行的工作）

2.负载均衡（附gearman协议会详细解释）

job server并不主动分派工作任务，而是由worker从空闲状态唤醒之后到job server主动抓取工作任务。

3.可扩展

松耦合的接口和无状态的job，只需要启动一个worker，注册到Job server集群即可。新加入的worker不会对现有系统有任何的影响。

4.分布式

gearman是分布式的任务分发框架，worker与job server，client与job server通信基于tcp的socket连接。

5.队列机制

gearman内置内存队列，默认情况队列最大容量为300W，可以配置最大支持2^32-1，即4 294 967 295。

6.高性能

作为Gearman的核心，Job server的是用C/C++实现的，由于只是做简单的任务派发，因此系统的瓶颈不会出在Job server上。

两种工作任务

后台工作任务Background job——时序图

[![后台工作任务Background job——时序图][Background job]][Background job]

由图可知，client提交完job，job server成功接收后返回JOB\_CREATED响应之后，client就断开与job server之间的链接了。后续无论发生什么事情，client都是不关心的。同样，job的执行结果client端也没办法通过Gearman消息框架 获得。

一般工作任务Non-background job——时序图

[![一般工作任务Non-background job——时序图][Non-background job]][Non-background job]

由图可知，client端在job执行的整个过程中，与job server端的链接都是保持着的，这也给job完成后job server返回执行结果给client提供了通路。同时，在job执行过程当中，client端还可以发起job status的查询。当然，这需要worker端的支持的。

关于持久化

对于队列持久化的问题，是一个值得考虑的问题。持久化必然影响高性能。gearman支持后台工作任务的持久化，支持drizzle、mysql、memcached的持久化。对于client提交的background job，Job server除了将其放在内存队列中进行派发之外，还会将其持久化到外部的持久化队列中。一旦Job server发生问题重启，外部持久化队列中的background job将会被恢复到内存中，参与Job server新的派发当中。这保证了已提交未执行的background job不会由于Job server发生异常而丢失。并且我测试发现如果开启了持久化，那么后台工作任务会先将工作任务写到持久化介质，然后在入内存队列，再执行。非后台工作任务，由于client与job server是保持长连接的状态，如果工作任务执行异常，client可以灵活处理，所以无须持久化。

gearman框架中的一个问题

从典型部署结构看出，两个Job server之间是没有连接的。也就是Job server间是不共享background job的。如果通过让两个Job server指向同一个持久化队列，可以让两个Job serer互相备份。但实际上，这样是行不通的。因为Job server只有在启动时才会将持久化队列中的background job转入到内存队列。也就是说，Job server1如果宕机且永远不启动，Job server2一直正常运行，那么Job server1宕机前被提交到Job server1的未被执行的background job将永远都呆在持久化队列中，得不到执行。另外如果多个job server实例指向同一个持久化队列，同时重启多个job server实例会导致持久队列中的工作任务被多次载入，从而导致消息重复处理。

我建议的部署结构

[![我建议的部署结构][f3.jpg]][f3.jpg]

采用memcached做后台工作任务的准持久化队列，最好memcached和job server在内网的不同机器。两个机器的两个服务同时挂掉的可能性比较小，同时也保证了高性能。而且memcached应该为两个相互独立实例，防止其上述的gearman框架中的问题。我们可以做一个监控脚本，如果某个job server异常退出，可以重启，也最大化的保证了job server的高可用。

# [Unix进程控制-Supervisor][Unix_-Supervisor] #

*  ##### 关于Worker守护进程的启动和监控 #####
    
    上面例子中直接启动worker脚本作为守护进程,无法监控到worker进程是否存活.  
    使用Unix进程监控[supervisord][]则可轻松解决这个问题.  
    将如下配置添加到supervisord的配置中,即可实现由supervisord来启动和监控myworker.
    
        [program:myworker]
        command=/usr/local/php5415/bin/php myworker.php
        process_name=%(program_name)s_%(process_num)02d
        ;修改numprocs即可同时开启多个worker进程
        numprocs=1 
        directory=/data/www/gearman/worker
        autostart=true
        autorestart=true
        user=gearmand
        stopsignal=KILL

#     #

关于gearman的管理工具

目前有一个现在的管理工具，[https://github.com/brianlmoon/GearmanManager][https_github.com_brianlmoon_GearmanManager]，但是只支持php-5.2，不过可以自行修改支持php-5.4，我建议如果使用PHP作为worker进程，使用php-5.4以上的版本。该工具的设计方法可以借鉴，可以比较好的管理gearman worker。时间有限，还没有深入研究。

应用场景

1.结合linux crontab，php脚本负责产生job，将任务分发到多台服务器周期性的**并发执行**。可以取代目前我们比较多的crontab的工作任务。

2.邮件短信发送

3.异步log

4.跨语言相互调用（对于密集型计算的需求，可以用C实现，PHP直接调用）

5.其他耗时脚本

gearman安装（unbuntu）

1.下载

\#wget https://launchpadlibrarian.net/165674261/gearmand-1.1.12.tar.gz

2.安装依赖包

> \#sudo apt-get install libboost1.55-all-dev gperf libevent libevent-dev uuid libmemcached-dev
> 
> \#tar zxvf gearmand-1.1.12.tar.gz
> 
> \#cd gearmand-1.1.12.tar.gz

\#./configure --prefix=/home/phpboy/Server/gearman

> \#make & make install

3.启动

a)默认启动

> ./gearman -d

b)支持memcached准持久化

> ./gearmand -d -q libmemcached --libmemcached-servers=127.0.0.1:11211

4.安装php的gearman扩展

> \#wget http://pecl.php.net/get/gearman-1.1.2.tgz
> 
> \#tar zxvf gearman-1.1.2.tgz\#cd gearman-1.1.2
> 
> \#phpize
> 
> \#./configure --with-php-config=php-config
> 
> \#make & make install

5.php client api与php worker api的测试，可以用上面我的测试的示例

附gearmand（job server的启动参数简单说明）

> \-b, –backlog=BACKLOG 连接请求队列的最大值
> 
> \-d, –daemon Daemon 守护进程化
> 
> \-f, –file-descriptors=FDS 可打开的文件描述符数量
> 
> \-h, –help
> 
> \-l, –log-file=FILE Log 日志文件
> 
> \-L, –listen=ADDRESS 开启监听的地址
> 
> \-p, –port=PORT 开启监听的端口
> 
> \-P, –pid-file=FILE File pid file
> 
> \-r,–protocol=PROTOCOL 使用的协议
> 
> \-q, –queue-type=QUEUE 持久化队列类型
> 
> \-t, –threads=THREADS I/O线程数量
> 
> \-u, –user=USER 进程的有效用户名
> 
> libdrizzle Options:
> 
> \--libdrizzle-host=HOST Host of server.
> 
> \--libdrizzle-port=PORT Port of server.
> 
> \--libdrizzle-uds=UDS Unix domain socket for server.
> 
> \--libdrizzle-user=USER User name for authentication.
> 
> \--libdrizzle-password=PASSWORD Password for authentication.
> 
> \--libdrizzle-db=DB Database to use.
> 
> \--libdrizzle-table=TABLE Table to use.
> 
> \--libdrizzle-mysql Use MySQL protocol.
> 
> libmemcached Options:
> 
> \--libmemcached-servers=SERVER\_LIST List of Memcached servers to use.
> 
> libsqlite3 Options:
> 
> \--libsqlite3-db=DB Database file to use.
> 
> \--libsqlite3-table=TABLE Table to use.
> 
> libpq Options:
> 
> \--libpq-conninfo=STRING PostgreSQL connection information string.
> 
> \--libpq-table=TABLE Table to use.
> 
> http Options:
> 
> \--http-port=PORT Port to listen on.

附gearman通信协议，个人翻译与理解：

总括

Gearman工作在TCP上，默认端口为**4730**，client与job server、worker与job server的通信都基于此**tcp的socket连接**。client是工作任务的发起者，worker是可以注册处理函数的工作任务执行者，job server为工作的调度者。协议包含请求报文与响应报文两个部分，所有发向job server的数据包（TCP报文段的数据部分）认为是请求报文，所有从job server发出的数据包（TCP报文段的数据部分）认为是响应报文。worker或者client与job server间的通信是基于二进制数据流的，但在管理client也有基于行文本协议的通信。

请求的报文体

[![请求的报文体][f4.jpg]][f4.jpg]

响应的报文体

[![响应的报文体][f5.jpg]][f5.jpg]

后台工作任务Background job——时序图

[![后台工作任务Background job——时序图][Background job 1]][Background job 1]

一般工作任务Non-background job——时序图

[![一般工作任务Non-background job——时序图][Non-background job 1]][Non-background job 1]

二进制包

请求报文与响应报文是由二进制包封装。一个二进制包由头header和可选的数据部分data组成。

header的组成

a.报文类别，请求报文或者响应报文，4个字节  
"\\0REQ" 请求报文  
"\\0RES" 响应报文

b.包类型，高（大）字节序（网络字节序），4个字节可能的类型有

类型值 名称 报文类型 发送者

1 CAN\_DO REQ Worker

2 CANT\_DO REQ Worker

3 RESET\_ABILITIES REQ Worker

4 PRE\_SLEEP REQ Worker

5 (unused) - -

6 NOOP RES Worker

7 SUBMIT\_JOB REQ Client

8 JOB\_CREATED RES Client

9 GRAB\_JOB REQ Worker

10 NO\_JOB RES Worker

11 JOB\_ASSIGN RES Worker

12 WORK\_STATUS REQ Worker

13 WORK\_COMPLETE REQ Worker

14 WORK\_FAIL REQ Worker

15 GET\_STATUS REQ Client

16 ECHO\_REQ REQ Client/Worker

17 ECHO\_RES RES Client/Worker

18 SUBMIT\_JOB\_BG REQ Client

19 ERROR RES Client/Worker

20 STATUS\_RES RES Client

21 SUBMIT\_JOB\_HIGH REQ Client

22 SET\_CLIENT\_ID REQ Worker

23 CAN\_DO\_TIMEOUT REQ Worker

24 ALL\_YOURS REQ Worker

25 WORK\_EXCEPTION REQ Worker

26 OPTION\_REQ REQ Client/Worker

27 OPTION\_RES RES Client/Worker

28 WORK\_DATA REQ Worker

29 WORK\_WARNING REQ Worker

30 GRAB\_JOB\_UNIQ REQ Worker

31 JOB\_ASSIGN\_UNIQ RES Worker

32 SUBMIT\_JOB\_HIGH\_BG REQ Client

33 SUBMIT\_JOB\_LOW REQ Client

34 SUBMIT\_JOB\_LOW\_BG REQ Client

35 SUBMIT\_JOB\_SCHED REQ Client

36 SUBMIT\_JOB\_EPOCH REQ Client

c.可选数据部分长度，高（大）字节序（网络字节序），4个字节，可表示的值为4294967295

数据部分，数据部分的各个部分为null字符分隔。

具体各包类型的说明

client和worker都可以发送的请求报文：

ECHO\_REQ

当job server收到此包类型的请求报文时，就简单的产生一个包类型为ECHO\_RES，同时将请求报文的数据部分作为响应报文的数据部分的报文。主要用于测试或者调试

如：

Client -> Job Server

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ 报文类型

00 00 00 a0 16 (Packet type: ECHO\_ERQ)

00 00 00 04 4 (Packet length)

74 65 73 74 test (Workload)

client和worker都可以接收的响应报文：

ECHO\_RES

当job server响应ECHO\_REQ报文时发送的包类型为ECHO\_RES的响应报文

如：

Job Server -> Client

00 52 45 53 \\0RES 报文类型

00 00 00 a1 17 (Packet type: ECHO\_ERS)

00 00 00 04 4 (Packet length)

74 65 73 74 test (Workload)

ERROR

当job server发生错误时，需要通知client或者worker

client发送的请求报文：（仅能由client发送的请求报文）  
SUBMIT\_JOB, SUBMIT\_JOB\_BG,SUBMIT\_JOB\_HIGH, SUBMIT\_JOB\_HIGH\_BG,SUBMIT\_JOB\_LOW, SUBMIT\_JOB\_LOW\_BG

当client有一个工作任务需要运行，就会提交相应的请求报文，job server响应包类型为JOB\_CREATED数据部分为job handle的响应报文。SUBMIT\_JOB为普通的工作任务，client得到状态更新及通知任务已经完成的响应；SUBMIT\_JOB\_BG为异步的工作任务，client不关心任务的完成情况；SUBMIT\_JOB\_HIGH为高优先级的工作任务，SUBMIT\_JOB\_HIGH\_BG为高优先级的异步任务；SUBMIT\_JOB\_LOW为低优先级的工作任务，SUBMIT\_JOB\_LOW\_BG为低优先级的异步任务。

如：

Client -> Job Server

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ (报文类型)

00 00 00 07 7 (Packet type: SUBMIT\_JOB)

00 00 00 0d 13 (Packet length)

72 65 76 65 72 73 65 00 reverse\\0 (Function)

00 \\0 (Unique ID)

74 65 73 74 test (Workload)

SUBMIT\_JOB\_SCHED

和SUBMIT\_JOB\_BG类似，此类型的工作任务不会立即执行，而在设置的某个时间运行。

如：

Client -> Job Server

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ (报文类型)

00 00 00 23 35 (Packet type: SUBMIT\_JOB\_SCHED)

00 00 00 0d 13 (Packet length)

72 65 76 65 72 73 65 00 reverse\\0 (Function)

00 \\0 (Unique ID)

01 \\0 (minute 0-59)

01 \\0 (hour 0-23)

01 \\0 (day of month 1-31)

01 \\0 (day of month 1-12)

01 \\0 (day of week 0-6)

74 65 73 74 test (Workload)

SUBMIT\_JOB\_EPOCH

和SUBMIT\_JOB\_SCHED作用一样，只是将设置的时间定为了uinx时间戳GET\_STATUS获取某个工作任务执行的状态信息

OPTION\_REQ

设置client与job server连接的选项

client获取的响应报文：

JOB\_CREATED响应包类型为SUBMIT\_JOB\*的请求报文，数据部分为job handle

WORK\_DATA, WORK\_WARNING, WORK\_STATUS, WORK\_COMPLETE,WORK\_FAIL, WORK\_EXCEPTION

对于后台运行的工作任务，任务执行信息可以通过包类型为上面的值来查看。

STATUS\_RES

响应包类型为GET\_STATUS的请求报文，通常用来查看一个后台工作任务是否已经完成，以及完成的百分比。

OPTION\_RES

响应包类型为OPTION\_REQ的请求报文

worker发送的请求报文：

CAN\_DO

通知job server可以执行给定的function name的任务，此worker将会放到一个链表，当job server收到一个function name的工作任务时，worker为被唤醒。

CAN\_DO\_TIMEOUT

和CAN\_DO类似，只是针对给定的function\_name的任务设置了一个超时时间。

CANT\_DO

worker通知job server已经不能执行给定的function name的任务

RESET\_ABILITIES

worker通知job server不能执行任何function name的任务

PRE\_SLEEP

worker通知job server它将进入sleep阶段，而之后此worker会被包类型为NOOP的响应报文唤醒。

GRAB\_JOB

worker向job server抓取工作任务，job server将会响应NO\_JOB或者JOB\_ASSIG

NGRAB\_JOB\_UNIQ

和GRAB\_JOB类似，但是job server在有工作任务时将会响应JOB\_ASSIGN\_UNIQ

WORK\_DATA

worker请求报文的数据部分更新client

WORK\_WARNING

worker请求报文代表一个warning，它应该被对待为一个WARNING

WORK\_STATU

Sworker更新某个job handle的工作状态，job server应该储存这些信息，以便响应之后client的GET\_STATUS请求

WORK\_COMPLETE

通知job server及所有连接的client，数据部分为返回给client的数据

WORK\_FAIL

通知job server及所有连接的client，工作任务执行失败

WORK\_EXCEPTION

通知job server及所有连接的client，工作任务执行失败并给出相应的异常

SET\_CLIENT\_ID

设置worker ID，从而job server的控制台及报告命令可以标识各个worker，数据部分为worker实例的标识

ALL\_YOURS

暂未实现

worker获取的响应报文：

NOOP

job server唤醒sleep的worker，以便可以开始抓取工作任务

NO\_JOB

job server响应GRAB\_JOB的请求，通知worker没有等待执行的工作任务

JOB\_ASSIGN

job server响应GRAB\_JOB的请求，通知worker有需要执行的工作任务

JOB\_ASSIGN\_UNIQ

job server响应GRAB\_JOB\_UNIQ的请求，和JOB\_ASSIGN一样，只是为client传递了一个唯一标识

基于上述的协议描述一个完整的例子

worker注册可以执行的工作任务

Worker -> Job Server

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ (Magic)

00 00 00 01 1 (Packet type: CAN\_DO)

00 00 00 07 7 (Packet length)

72 65 76 65 72 73 65 reverse (Function)

worker检测或者抓取工作任务

Worker -> Job Server

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ (Magic)

00 00 00 09 9 (Packet type: GRAB\_JOB)

00 00 00 00 0 (Packet length)

job server响应worker的抓取工作（没有工作任务）

00 52 45 53 \\0RES (Magic)

00 00 00 0a 10 (Packet type: NO\_JOB)

00 00 00 00 0 (Packet length)

worker通知job server开始sleep

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ (Magic)

00 00 00 04 4 (Packet type: PRE\_SLEEP)

00 00 00 00 0 (Packet length)

client提交工作任务

Client -> Job Server

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ (Magic)

00 00 00 07 7 (Packet type: SUBMIT\_JOB)

00 00 00 0d 13 (Packet length)

72 65 76 65 72 73 65 00 reverse\\0 (Function)

00 \\0 (Unique ID)

74 65 73 74 test (Workload)

job server响应client的SUBMIT\_JOB请求，返回job handle

00 52 45 53 \\0RES (Magic)

00 00 00 08 8 (Packet type: JOB\_CREATED)

00 00 00 07 7 (Packet length)

48 3a 6c 61 70 3a 31 H:lap:1 (Job handle)

job server唤醒worker

Job Server -> Worker

00 52 45 53 \\0RES (Magic)

00 00 00 06 6 (Packet type: NOOP)

00 00 00 00 0 (Packet length)

worker的抓取工作任务

Worker -> Job Server

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ (Magic)

00 00 00 09 9 (Packet type: GRAB\_JOB)

00 00 00 00 0 (Packet length)

job server分配工作任务给worker

Job Server -> Worker

00 52 45 53 \\0RES (Magic)

00 00 00 0b 11 (Packet type: JOB\_ASSIGN)

00 00 00 14 20 (Packet length)

48 3a 6c 61 70 3a 31 00 H:lap:1\\0 (Job handle)

72 65 76 65 72 73 65 00 reverse\\0 (Function)

74 65 73 74 test (Workload)

worker完成工作任务通知job server

00 52 45 51 \\0REQ (Magic)

00 00 00 0d 13 (Packet type: WORK\_COMPLETE)

00 00 00 0c 12 (Packet length)

48 3a 6c 61 70 3a 31 00 H:lap:1\\0 (Job handle)

74 73 65 74 tset (Response)

job server通知client完成了工作任务

Job Server -> Client

00 52 45 53 \\0RES (Magic)

00 00 00 0d 13 (Packet type: WORK\_COMPLETE)

00 00 00 0c 12 (Packet length)

48 3a 6c 61 70 3a 31 00 H:lap:1\\0 (Job handle)

74 73 65 74 tset (Response)

每个client与job server是全双工通信，在一个socket可以完成多个工作任务的投递，但是收到任务的执行结果的顺序可能与投递的顺序不一致。

总结worker的工作流程：

1. Worker通过CAN\_DO消息，注册到Job server上。

2. 随后发起GRAB\_JOB，主动要求分派任务。

3. Job server如果没有job可分配，就返回NO\_JOB。

4. Worker收到NO\_JOB后，进入空闲状态，并给Job server返回PRE\_SLEEP消息，告诉Job server:”如果有工作来的话，用NOOP请求我先。”

5. Job server收到worker的PRE\_SLEEP消息后，明白了发送这条消息的worker已经进入了空闲态。

6. 这时如果有job提交上来，Job server会给worker先发一个NOOP消息。

7. Worker收到NOOP消息后，发送GRAB\_JOB向Job server请求任务。

8. Job server把工作派发给worker。

9. Worker干活，完事后返回WORK\_COMPLETE给Job server。

[Gearman]: http://blog.csdn.net/column/details/gearman.html
[0275a8ea5c41a304717b97db0e58e51a.png]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/0275a8ea5c41a304717b97db0e58e51a.png
[gearman]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/1977c62ded098a4057f391baead019f6.png
[Background job]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/f1.png
[Non-background job]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/f2.png
[f3.jpg]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/f3.jpg
[Unix_-Supervisor]: http://www.zrwm.com/?p=797
[supervisord]: http://www.zrwm.com/?cat=87
[https_github.com_brianlmoon_GearmanManager]: https://github.com/brianlmoon/GearmanManager
[f4.jpg]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/f4.jpg
[f5.jpg]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/f5.jpg
[Background job 1]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/f11.png
[Non-background job 1]: http://www.phpboy.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/f21.png