HttpClient4.x 使用cookie保持会话

绝地灬酷狼 2022-08-11 06:58 205阅读 0赞

HttpClient4.x可以自带维持会话功能，只要使用同一个HttpClient且未关闭连接，则可以使用相同会话来访问其他要求登录验证的服务（见TestLogin()方法中的“执行get请求”部分）。  
如果需要使用HttpClient池，并且想要做到一次登录的会话供多个HttpClient连接使用，就需要自己保存会话信息。因为客户端的会话信息是保存在cookie中的（JSESSIONID），所以只需要将登录成功返回的cookie复制到各个HttpClient使用即可。  
使用Cookie的方法有两种，可以自己使用CookieStore来保存（见TestCookieStore()方法），也可以通过HttpClientContext上下文来维持（见TestContext()方法）。  
附带HttpClient4.3示例代码 http://www.myexception.cn/program/1459749.html 。  
  
  
package com.sunbin.httpSession;  
  
  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.HashMap;  
import java.util.Iterator;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.Map;  
import java.util.Map.Entry;  
  
  
import org.apache.http.HeaderIterator;  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.ParseException;  
import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;  
import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;  
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;  
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieSpecProvider;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BasicClientCookie;  
import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BestMatchSpecFactory;  
import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BrowserCompatSpecFactory;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
import org.junit.Test;  
  
  
public class TestHttpClient \{  
  
  
  // 创建CookieStore实例  
  static CookieStore cookieStore = null;  
  static HttpClientContext context = null;  
  String loginUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/j\_spring\_security\_check";  
  String testUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/account/querySubAccount.action";  
  String loginErrorUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/CwlProClient/login/login.jsp";  
  
  
  @Test  
  public void testLogin() throws Exception \{  
    System.out.println("----testLogin");  
  
  
    // // 创建HttpClientBuilder  
    // HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();  
    // // HttpClient  
    // CloseableHttpClient client = httpClientBuilder.build();  
    // 直接创建client  
    CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();  
  
  
    HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(loginUrl);  
    Map parameterMap = new HashMap();  
    parameterMap.put("j\_username", "sunb012");  
    parameterMap.put("j\_password", "sunb012");  
    UrlEncodedFormEntity postEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(  
        getParam(parameterMap), "UTF-8");  
    httpPost.setEntity(postEntity);  
    System.out.println("request line:" + httpPost.getRequestLine());  
    try \{  
      // 执行post请求  
      HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);  
      String location = httpResponse.getFirstHeader("Location")  
          .getValue();  
      if (location != null && location.startsWith(loginErrorUrl)) \{  
        System.out.println("----loginError");  
      \}  
      printResponse(httpResponse);  
  
  
      // 执行get请求  
      System.out.println("----the same client");  
      HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl);  
      System.out.println("request line:" + httpGet.getRequestLine());  
      HttpResponse httpResponse1 = client.execute(httpGet);  
      printResponse(httpResponse1);  
  
  
  
  
      // cookie store  
      setCookieStore(httpResponse);  
      // context  
      setContext();  
    \} catch (IOException e) \{  
      e.printStackTrace();  
    \} finally \{  
      try \{  
        // 关闭流并释放资源  
        client.close();  
      \} catch (IOException e) \{  
        e.printStackTrace();  
      \}  
    \}  
  \}  
  
  
  @Test  
  public void testContext() throws Exception \{  
    System.out.println("----testContext");  
    // 使用context方式  
    CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();  
    HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl);  
    System.out.println("request line:" + httpGet.getRequestLine());  
    try \{  
      // 执行get请求  
      HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet, context);  
      System.out.println("context cookies:"  
          + context.getCookieStore().getCookies());  
      printResponse(httpResponse);  
    \} catch (IOException e) \{  
      e.printStackTrace();  
    \} finally \{  
      try \{  
        // 关闭流并释放资源  
        client.close();  
      \} catch (IOException e) \{  
        e.printStackTrace();  
      \}  
    \}  
  \}  
  
  
  @Test  
  public void testCookieStore() throws Exception \{  
    System.out.println("----testCookieStore");  
    // 使用cookieStore方式  
    CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom()  
        .setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();  
    HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(testUrl);  
    System.out.println("request line:" + httpGet.getRequestLine());  
    try \{  
      // 执行get请求  
      HttpResponse httpResponse = client.execute(httpGet);  
      System.out.println("cookie store:" + cookieStore.getCookies());  
      printResponse(httpResponse);  
    \} catch (IOException e) \{  
      e.printStackTrace();  
    \} finally \{  
      try \{  
        // 关闭流并释放资源  
        client.close();  
      \} catch (IOException e) \{  
        e.printStackTrace();  
      \}  
    \}  
  \}  
  
  
  public static void printResponse(HttpResponse httpResponse)  
      throws ParseException, IOException \{  
    // 获取响应消息实体  
    HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
    // 响应状态  
    System.out.println("status:" + httpResponse.getStatusLine());  
    System.out.println("headers:");  
    HeaderIterator iterator = httpResponse.headerIterator();  
    while (iterator.hasNext()) \{  
      System.out.println("\\t" + iterator.next());  
    \}  
    // 判断响应实体是否为空  
    if (entity != null) \{  
      String responseString = EntityUtils.toString(entity);  
      System.out.println("response length:" + responseString.length());  
      System.out.println("response content:"  
          + responseString.replace("\\r\\n", ""));  
    \}  
  \}  
  
  
  public static void setContext() \{  
    System.out.println("----setContext");  
    context = HttpClientContext.create();  
    Registry<CookieSpecProvider> registry = RegistryBuilder  
        .<CookieSpecProvider> create()  
        .register(CookieSpecs.BEST\_MATCH, new BestMatchSpecFactory())  
        .register(CookieSpecs.BROWSER\_COMPATIBILITY,  
            new BrowserCompatSpecFactory()).build();  
    context.setCookieSpecRegistry(registry);  
    context.setCookieStore(cookieStore);  
  \}  
  
  
  public static void setCookieStore(HttpResponse httpResponse) \{  
    System.out.println("----setCookieStore");  
    cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();  
    // JSESSIONID  
    String setCookie = httpResponse.getFirstHeader("Set-Cookie")  
        .getValue();  
    String JSESSIONID = setCookie.substring("JSESSIONID=".length(),  
        setCookie.indexOf(";"));  
    System.out.println("JSESSIONID:" + JSESSIONID);  
    // 新建一个Cookie  
    BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("JSESSIONID",  
        JSESSIONID);  
    cookie.setVersion(0);  
    cookie.setDomain("127.0.0.1");  
    cookie.setPath("/CwlProClient");  
    // cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.VERSION\_ATTR, "0");  
    // cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.DOMAIN\_ATTR, "127.0.0.1");  
    // cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.PORT\_ATTR, "8080");  
    // cookie.setAttribute(ClientCookie.PATH\_ATTR, "/CwlProWeb");  
    cookieStore.addCookie(cookie);  
  \}  
  
  
  public static List<NameValuePair> getParam(Map parameterMap) \{  
    List<NameValuePair> param = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
    Iterator it = parameterMap.entrySet().iterator();  
    while (it.hasNext()) \{  
      Entry parmEntry = (Entry) it.next();  
      param.add(new BasicNameValuePair((String) parmEntry.getKey(),  
          (String) parmEntry.getValue()));  
    \}  
    return param;  
  \}  
\}