JDK5.0新特性系列使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令

傷城~ 2022-08-10 14:47 69阅读 0赞

/**
     * 在J2SE5.0之前使用Runtime的exec方法执行本地命令.
     * 在J2Se5.0之后,可以使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令
     * 它提供的功能更加丰富,能够设置设置工作目录、环境变量等
     * 本例PorcessBuilder执行Windows操作系统的"ipconfig/all"命令,获取本机网卡的MAC地址
    */
    /**关键技术剖析
     * 用本命令名和命令的参数选项构造ProcessBuilder对象,它的start方法执行命令,启动一个进程,返回一个Process对象
     * ProcessBuilder的environment方法获得运行进程的环境变量,得到一个Map,可以修改环境变量
     * ProcessBuilder的directory方法切换工作目录
     * Process的getInputStream方法获得进程的标准输出流,getErrorStream方法获得进程的错误输出流
    */
    
    public class UsingProcessBuilder {
    	public static List<String> getPhysicalAddress(){
    		Process p = null;
    		List<String> address = new ArrayList<String>(); //物理网卡列表
    		try{
    			p = new ProcessBuilder("ipconfig","/all").start(); //执行ipconfig/all命令
    		}catch(IOException e){
    			return address;
    		}
    		byte[] b = new byte[1024];
    		int readbytes = -1;
    		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
    		//读取进程输出值
    		//在JAVA IO中,输入输出是针对JVM而言,读写是针对外部数据源而言
    		InputStream in = p.getInputStream();
    		try{
    			while((readbytes = in.read(b)) != -1){
    				sb.append(new String(b,0,readbytes));
    			}
    		}catch(IOException e1){
    		}finally {
    			try{
    				in.close();
    			}catch (IOException e2){
    			}
    		}
    		//以下是分析输出值,得到物理网卡
    		String rtValue = sb.toString();
    		int i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :");
    		while (i > 0){
    			rtValue = rtValue.substring(i + "Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :".length());
    			address.add(rtValue.substring(1,18));
    			i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :");
    		}
    
    		return address;
    	}
    
    	public static boolean executeMyCommand1(){
    		//创建系统进程创建器
    		ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("myCommand","myArg1","myArg2");
    		Map<String, String> env = pb.environment(); //获得进程的环境
    		//设置和去除环境变量
    		env.put("VAR1", "myValue");
    		env.remove("VAR0");
    		env.put("VAR2", env.get("VAR1") + ";");
    		//迭代环境变量,获取属性名和属性值
    		Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator();
    		String sysatt = null;
    		while(it.hasNext())
    		{
    			sysatt = (String)it.next();
    			System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt));
    		}
    		pb.directory(new File("C:/temp"));
    		try{
    			Process p = pb.start(); //得到进程实例
    			//等待进程执行完毕
    			if(p.waitFor() != 0){
    				//如果进程运行结果不为0,表示进程是错误退出的
    				//获得进程实例的错误输出
    				InputStream error = p.getErrorStream();
    				//do something
    			}
    			InputStream sdin = p.getInputStream(); //获得进程实例的标准输出
    			//do something
    		}catch(IOException e){
    		}catch(InterruptedException e){
    		}
    		return true;
    	}
    	
    	public static void executeMyCommand2(){
    		ProcessBuilder pb = null;
    		String sysatt = null;
    		try
    		{
    			//创建一个进程示例
    			pb = new ProcessBuilder("cmd.exe");
    			//获取系统参数并打印显示
    			Map<String, String> env = pb.environment();
    			Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator();
    			while(it.hasNext())
    			{
    				sysatt = (String)it.next();
    				System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt));
    			}
    			//设置工作目录
    			pb.directory(new File("d://myDir"));
    			Process p = pb.start();
    			//将要执行的Windows命令写入
    			BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(p.getOutputStream()));
    			//'/r/n'是必须写入的     
    			bw.write("test.bat /r/n");
    			bw.write("ping -t www.yahoo.com.cn /r/n");
    			//flush()方法是必须调用的
    			bw.flush();
    			//将执行结果打印显示
    			InputStream is = p.getInputStream();
    			InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "GBK");
    			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
    			String line;
    			while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)
    			{
    				System.out.println(line);
    			}
    		}
    		catch (Exception e)
    		{
    			e.printStackTrace();
    		}
    	}
    	
    	public static void main(String[] args){
    		List<String> address = UsingProcessBuilder.getPhysicalAddress();
    		for(String add : address){
    			System.out.printf("物理网卡地址: %s%n",add);
    		}
    		executeMyCommand1();
    		executeMyCommand2();
    	}
    }