VirtualBox创建11G+ASM实例数据库

绝地灬酷狼 2022-08-10 13:54 160阅读 0赞

1、组   
groupadd -g 500 dba  
groupadd -g 501 oinstall  
  
2、用户  
useradd -u 500 -g dba -G oinstall oracle

useradd -u 501 -g dba -G oinstall grid

/home/oracle/.bash\_profile  
export NLS\_LANG=american\_america.ZHS16GBK  
export EDITOR=vi  
export ORACLE\_SID=prod  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/app/oracle  
export ORACLE\_HOME=$ORACLE\_BASE/product/11.2.0/db\_1  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=$ORACLE\_HOME/lib  
export PATH=$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin

umask 022

/home/grid/.bash\_profile

export EDITOR=vi  
export ORACLE\_SID=+ASM  
export ORACLE\_BASE=/u01/grid  
export ORACLE\_HOME=/u01/11.2/grid  
export LD\_LIBRARY\_PATH=$ORACLE\_HOME/lib  
export PATH=$ORACLE\_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin  
umask 022

3、内核、包  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# vi /etc/sysctl.conf                ------文件最后加一下内容  
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576  
fs.file-max = 6815744  
kernel.shmall = 2097152  
kernel.shmmax = 536870912  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
net.ipv4.ip\_local\_port\_range = 9000 65500  
net.core.rmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.rmem\_max = 4194304  
net.core.wmem\_default = 262144  
net.core.wmem\_max = 1048586  
  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# vi /etc/security/limits.conf  
oracle              soft    nproc   2047  
oracle              hard    nproc   16384  
oracle              soft    nofile  1024  
oracle              hard    nofile  65536  
oracle              soft    stack   10240  
grid              soft    nproc   2047  
grid              hard    nproc   16384  
grid              soft    nofile  1024  
grid              hard    nofile  65536  
grid              soft    stack   10240  
  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# chkconfig ntpd off             ---关掉操作系统时间服务  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# chkconfig sendmail off  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak  
  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# cd /etc/yum.repos.d  
\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# cp rhel-debuginfo.repo yum.repo  
\[root@node1 yum.repos.d\]\# vi yum.repo  
\[base\]  
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux  
baseurl=file:///media/Server  
enabled=1  
gpgcheck=0  
  
加载ISO镜像文件  挂载  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# mount /dev/cdrom /media  
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum clean all  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum install -y sysstat\*  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum install -y libaio\*  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum install -y unix\*  
\[root@node1 ~\]\# yum install -y \*ftp\*  
  
4、安装软件目录  
grid用户  
mkdir -p /u01/grid  
mkdir -p /u01/11.2/grid  
chown -R grid:dba /u01/grid  
chown -R grid:dba /u01/11.2/grid  
mkdir -R /u01/app/oraInventory  
chown -R grid:dba  /u01/app/oraInventory  
oracle用户  
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle  
chown -R oracle:dba /u01  
  
5存储  
配置裸设备（修改/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules文件）  
   
1.先将磁盘进行分区  
\#fdisk /dev/sdb  
\#fdisk /dev/sdc  
2.编辑/etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules配置文件  
\#vi  /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules  
加载裸设备,添加以下内容  
1)设置分区与RAW对应关系  
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdb" , RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"  
ACTION=="add", ENV\{MAJOR\}=="120", ENV\{MINOR\}=="1905", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %M %m"  
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdc" , RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"  
ACTION=="add", ENV\{MAJOR\}=="120", ENV\{MINOR\}=="1921", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"  
2)设置RAW的权限  
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw1",owner="grid", GROUP="dba", MODE="660"  
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw2",owner="grid", GROUP="dba", MODE="660"  
  
 如果多个RAW的权限相同可以做以下设置，如raw1,raw2权限相同：  
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="raw\[1-2\]",owner="grid", GROUP="dba", MODE="660"  
  
或者

raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdc1   ---重启会失效

之前通过/etc/init.d/rawdevices来管理raw设备的启动和关闭。  
rhel5正规的方法是通过udev来管理raw。裸设备绑定的重启命令为start\_udev   
  
3.重启服务  
 \#start\_udev  
4.查看raw设备  
\#ls -lrt /dev/raw 或者   
\#raw -aq  
  
6、软件  
grid 、oracle  
7oracle数据库  
  
ASM常用命令及视图  
create diskgroup datadg external redundancy disk '/dev/raw/raw1';  
drop diskgroup datadg;  
alter diskgroup datadg add disk '/dev/raw/raw2';  
  
select name,path from v$asm\_disk;  
alter diskgroup datadg drop disk '名称'  
  
v$asm\_disk(stat)\\diskgroup\\operation\\client\\file\\template\\alias