使用cookie绕过验证码进行模拟登录

川长思鸟来 2022-08-09 09:55 302阅读 0赞

1.工具  
httpClient jar包  
任意抓包工具 推荐 firefox的 firebug（非常好用）

在使用httpClient进行模拟登录时，有时候会遇到需要输入验证码的情况。而对验证码进行识别的方法既费时效果还不好。这里提供一个取巧的方法，即使用浏览器登录时产生的cookie进行登录。

2.上代码  
首先是一个模拟http请求的工具类

import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
    import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
    import org.apache.http.ParseException;
    import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
    import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;
    import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
    import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
    import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
    import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
    import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
    
    public class Http {
    
        static CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null;
        static RequestConfig requestConfig = null;
    
        static {
             requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.BEST_MATCH).build();
             httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
        }
    
    
    
    
        public static String doGet(String url) {
    
    
            RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.BEST_MATCH).build();
             CloseableHttpClient   httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
            try {  
               // 创建httpget.    
               HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(url);
               httpget.addHeader("Cookie", "xxxxxxx");
               httpget.addHeader("Accept-Encoding","gzip, deflate");
               httpget.addHeader("Accept-Language","zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3");
               httpget.addHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
               httpget.addHeader("Connection","keep-alive");
               httpget.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json; charset=UTF-8");
               httpget.addHeader("Referer","http://www.zhihu.com/");
               httpget.addHeader("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0");
               System.out.println("executing request " + httpget.getURI()); 
               // 执行get请求.    
               CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget); 
               try {  
                   // 获取响应实体    
                   HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); 
                   System.out.println("--------------------------------------"); 
                   // 打印响应状态    
                   System.out.println(response.getStatusLine()); 
                   if (entity != null) {  
                    return EntityUtils.toString(entity);
                   }  
                   System.out.println("------------------------------------"); 
               } finally {  
                   response.close(); 
               }  
           } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {  
               e.printStackTrace(); 
           } catch (ParseException e) {  
               e.printStackTrace(); 
           } catch (IOException e) {  
               e.printStackTrace(); 
           } 
            return null;
        }
    
    
        /**以utf-8形式读取*/
        public static String doPost(String url,List<NameValuePair> formparams) {
            return doPost(url, formparams,"UTF-8");
        }
    
        public static String doPost(String url,List<NameValuePair> formparams,String charset) {
             RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec(CookieSpecs.BEST_MATCH).build();
             CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).build();
            // 创建默认的httpClient实例.    
           // CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); 
         // 创建httppost    
            HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url); 
            httppost.addHeader("Cookie", "xxxxxxx");
            httppost.addHeader("Accept-Encoding","gzip, deflate");
            httppost.addHeader("Accept-Language","zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3");
            httppost.addHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
            httppost.addHeader("Connection","keep-alive");
            httppost.addHeader("Content-Type","application/json; charset=UTF-8");
            httppost.addHeader("Referer","http://www.zhihu.com/");
            httppost.addHeader("User-Agent","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:38.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/38.0");
    
    
            UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;
            try {
                uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, charset);
                httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);
                CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
                try {
                    // 打印响应状态    
                    System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
                     HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); 
                     if (entity != null) {  
                        return EntityUtils.toString(entity);
                     }  
                } finally {  
                    response.close(); 
                }  
            } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {  
                e1.printStackTrace(); 
            } catch (IOException e) {  
                e.printStackTrace(); 
            } 
            return null;
        }
    }

httppost.addHeader(“Cookie”, “xxxxxxx”); 这里xxxxxx的即为登录时产生的cookie 由于每个浏览器产生的cookie不尽相同，故以xxxxx代替

测试类 这里模拟登录的是知乎

public class Test {
    
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            String content = Http.doGet("http://www.zhihu.com/");
            System.out.println(content);
        }
    
    }

测试结果  
![这里写图片描述][20151019225725767]

[20151019225725767]: /images/20220731/30c5c0e0020349128c9e771d728e2427.png