操作系统服务：其它模块

爱被打了一巴掌 2022-07-18 05:46 147阅读 0赞

http://[blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/52454579][blog.csdn.net_pipisorry_article_details_52454579]

# IO模块    #

*  [16.2. `io` — Core tools for working with streams][16.2. _io_ _ Core tools for working with streams]
    
     *  [16.2.1. Overview][]
        
         *  [16.2.1.1. Text I/O][16.2.1.1. Text I_O]
         *  [16.2.1.2. Binary I/O][16.2.1.2. Binary I_O]
         *  [16.2.1.3. Raw I/O][16.2.1.3. Raw I_O]
     *  [16.2.2. High-level Module Interface][]
        
         *  [16.2.2.1. In-memory streams][]
     *  [16.2.3. Class hierarchy][]
        
         *  [16.2.3.1. I/O Base Classes][16.2.3.1. I_O Base Classes]
         *  [16.2.3.2. Raw File I/O][16.2.3.2. Raw File I_O]
         *  [16.2.3.3. Buffered Streams][]
         *  [16.2.3.4. Text I/O][16.2.3.4. Text I_O]
     *  [16.2.4. Performance][]
        
         *  [16.2.4.1. Binary I/O][16.2.4.1. Binary I_O]
         *  [16.2.4.2. Text I/O][16.2.4.2. Text I_O]
         *  [16.2.4.3. Multi-threading][]
         *  [16.2.4.4. Reentrancy][]

### python使用字符串构建stdin对象 ###

\{不知道有没有其它更好的方法\}

python直接在代码中读入字符串到stdin中

import sys, io, re
    
    sys.stdin = io.StringIO('''4,6
    8 9 6 5
    9,7
    8,5
    8,4
    9,3
    7,3
    7,2
    ''')
    a = []
    while True:
        try:
            ai = input()
            a.append(ai)
        except:
            break
    print(a)

或者input()一下就调用一下写好的程序！

Note: 如果是python2则字符串要是unicode，即io.StringIO(u'''\*\*\*\*\*\*\*''')

\[ [`io.``StringIO`][io._StringIO] ( *initial\_value=''*, *newline='\\n'* )\]  
\[ [io][] — Core tools for working with streams ``\] `` ``

`皮皮Blog`

# 其它模块    #

*  [16.4. `argparse` — Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands][16.4. _argparse_ _ Parser for command-line options_ arguments and sub-commands]
    
     *  [16.4.1. Example][]
        
         *  [16.4.1.1. Creating a parser][]
         *  [16.4.1.2. Adding arguments][]
         *  [16.4.1.3. Parsing arguments][]
     *  [16.4.2. ArgumentParser objects][]
        
         *  [16.4.2.1. prog][]
         *  [16.4.2.2. usage][]
         *  [16.4.2.3. description][]
         *  [16.4.2.4. epilog][]
         *  [16.4.2.5. parents][]
         *  [16.4.2.6. formatter\_class][16.4.2.6. formatter_class]
         *  [16.4.2.7. prefix\_chars][16.4.2.7. prefix_chars]
         *  [16.4.2.8. fromfile\_prefix\_chars][16.4.2.8. fromfile_prefix_chars]
         *  [16.4.2.9. argument\_default][16.4.2.9. argument_default]
         *  [16.4.2.10. allow\_abbrev][16.4.2.10. allow_abbrev]
         *  [16.4.2.11. conflict\_handler][16.4.2.11. conflict_handler]
         *  [16.4.2.12. add\_help][16.4.2.12. add_help]
     *  [16.4.3. The add\_argument() method][16.4.3. The add_argument_ method]
        
         *  [16.4.3.1. name or flags][]
         *  [16.4.3.2. action][]
         *  [16.4.3.3. nargs][]
         *  [16.4.3.4. const][]
         *  [16.4.3.5. default][]
         *  [16.4.3.6. type][]
         *  [16.4.3.7. choices][]
         *  [16.4.3.8. required][]
         *  [16.4.3.9. help][]
         *  [16.4.3.10. metavar][]
         *  [16.4.3.11. dest][]
         *  [16.4.3.12. Action classes][]
     *  [16.4.4. The parse\_args() method][16.4.4. The parse_args_ method]
        
         *  [16.4.4.1. Option value syntax][]
         *  [16.4.4.2. Invalid arguments][]
         *  [16.4.4.3. Arguments containing `-`][16.4.4.3. Arguments containing _-]
         *  [16.4.4.4. Argument abbreviations (prefix matching)][16.4.4.4. Argument abbreviations _prefix matching]
         *  [16.4.4.5. Beyond `sys.argv`][16.4.4.5. Beyond _sys.argv]
         *  [16.4.4.6. The Namespace object][]
     *  [16.4.5. Other utilities][]
        
         *  [16.4.5.1. Sub-commands][]
         *  [16.4.5.2. FileType objects][]
         *  [16.4.5.3. Argument groups][]
         *  [16.4.5.4. Mutual exclusion][]
         *  [16.4.5.5. Parser defaults][]
         *  [16.4.5.6. Printing help][]
         *  [16.4.5.7. Partial parsing][]
         *  [16.4.5.8. Customizing file parsing][]
         *  [16.4.5.9. Exiting methods][]
     *  [16.4.6. Upgrading optparse code][]
 *  [16.5. `getopt` — C-style parser for command line options][16.5. _getopt_ _ C-style parser for command line options]

*  [16.9. `getpass` — Portable password input][16.9. _getpass_ _ Portable password input]
 *  [16.10. `curses` — Terminal handling for character-cell displays][16.10. _curses_ _ Terminal handling for character-cell displays]
    
     *  [16.10.1. Functions][]
     *  [16.10.2. Window Objects][]
     *  [16.10.3. Constants][]
 *  [16.11. `curses.textpad` — Text input widget for curses programs][16.11. _curses.textpad_ _ Text input widget for curses programs]
    
     *  [16.11.1. Textbox objects][]
 *  [16.12. `curses.ascii` — Utilities for ASCII characters][16.12. _curses.ascii_ _ Utilities for ASCII characters]
 *  [16.13. `curses.panel` — A panel stack extension for curses][16.13. _curses.panel_ _ A panel stack extension for curses]
    
     *  [16.13.1. Functions][]
     *  [16.13.2. Panel Objects][]
 *  [16.14. `platform` — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data][16.14. _platform_ _ Access to underlying platform_s identifying data]
    
     *  [16.14.1. Cross Platform][]
     *  [16.14.2. Java Platform][]
     *  [16.14.3. Windows Platform][]
        
         *  [16.14.3.1. Win95/98 specific][16.14.3.1. Win95_98 specific]
     *  [16.14.4. Mac OS Platform][]
     *  [16.14.5. Unix Platforms][]
 *  [16.15. `errno` — Standard errno system symbols][16.15. _errno_ _ Standard errno system symbols]
 *  [16.16. `ctypes` — A foreign function library for Python][16.16. _ctypes_ _ A foreign function library for Python]
    
     *  [16.16.1. ctypes tutorial][]
        
         *  [16.16.1.1. Loading dynamic link libraries][]
         *  [16.16.1.2. Accessing functions from loaded dlls][]
         *  [16.16.1.3. Calling functions][]
         *  [16.16.1.4. Fundamental data types][]
         *  [16.16.1.5. Calling functions, continued][16.16.1.5. Calling functions_ continued]
         *  [16.16.1.6. Calling functions with your own custom data types][]
         *  [16.16.1.7. Specifying the required argument types (function prototypes)][16.16.1.7. Specifying the required argument types _function prototypes]
         *  [16.16.1.8. Return types][]
         *  [16.16.1.9. Passing pointers (or: passing parameters by reference)][16.16.1.9. Passing pointers _or_ passing parameters by reference]
         *  [16.16.1.10. Structures and unions][]
         *  [16.16.1.11. Structure/union alignment and byte order][16.16.1.11. Structure_union alignment and byte order]
         *  [16.16.1.12. Bit fields in structures and unions][]
         *  [16.16.1.13. Arrays][]
         *  [16.16.1.14. Pointers][]
         *  [16.16.1.15. Type conversions][]
         *  [16.16.1.16. Incomplete Types][]
         *  [16.16.1.17. Callback functions][]
         *  [16.16.1.18. Accessing values exported from dlls][]
         *  [16.16.1.19. Surprises][]
         *  [16.16.1.20. Variable-sized data types][]
     *  [16.16.2. ctypes reference][]
        
         *  [16.16.2.1. Finding shared libraries][]
         *  [16.16.2.2. Loading shared libraries][]
         *  [16.16.2.3. Foreign functions][]
         *  [16.16.2.4. Function prototypes][]
         *  [16.16.2.5. Utility functions][]
         *  [16.16.2.6. Data types][]
         *  [16.16.2.7. Fundamental data types][]
         *  [16.16.2.8. Structured data types][]
         *  [16.16.2.9. Arrays and pointers][]

[皮皮Blog][Blog]

from:  [http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/52454579][blog.csdn.net_pipisorry_article_details_52454579]

ref: \[[16. Generic Operating System Services][]\]

[blog.csdn.net_pipisorry_article_details_52454579]: http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry/article/details/52454579
[16.2. _io_ _ Core tools for working with streams]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html
[16.2.1. Overview]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#overview
[16.2.1.1. Text I_O]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#text-i-o
[16.2.1.2. Binary I_O]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#binary-i-o
[16.2.1.3. Raw I_O]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#raw-i-o
[16.2.2. High-level Module Interface]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#high-level-module-interface
[16.2.2.1. In-memory streams]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#in-memory-streams
[16.2.3. Class hierarchy]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#class-hierarchy
[16.2.3.1. I_O Base Classes]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#i-o-base-classes
[16.2.3.2. Raw File I_O]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#raw-file-i-o
[16.2.3.3. Buffered Streams]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#buffered-streams
[16.2.3.4. Text I_O]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#id1
[16.2.4. Performance]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#performance
[16.2.4.1. Binary I_O]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#id2
[16.2.4.2. Text I_O]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#id3
[16.2.4.3. Multi-threading]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#multi-threading
[16.2.4.4. Reentrancy]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#reentrancy
[io._StringIO]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#io.StringIO
[io]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/io.html#module-io
[16.4. _argparse_ _ Parser for command-line options_ arguments and sub-commands]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html
[16.4.1. Example]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#example
[16.4.1.1. Creating a parser]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#creating-a-parser
[16.4.1.2. Adding arguments]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#adding-arguments
[16.4.1.3. Parsing arguments]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#parsing-arguments
[16.4.2. ArgumentParser objects]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#argumentparser-objects
[16.4.2.1. prog]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#prog
[16.4.2.2. usage]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#usage
[16.4.2.3. description]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#description
[16.4.2.4. epilog]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#epilog
[16.4.2.5. parents]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#parents
[16.4.2.6. formatter_class]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#formatter-class
[16.4.2.7. prefix_chars]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#prefix-chars
[16.4.2.8. fromfile_prefix_chars]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#fromfile-prefix-chars
[16.4.2.9. argument_default]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#argument-default
[16.4.2.10. allow_abbrev]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#allow-abbrev
[16.4.2.11. conflict_handler]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#conflict-handler
[16.4.2.12. add_help]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#add-help
[16.4.3. The add_argument_ method]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#the-add-argument-method
[16.4.3.1. name or flags]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#name-or-flags
[16.4.3.2. action]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#action
[16.4.3.3. nargs]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#nargs
[16.4.3.4. const]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#const
[16.4.3.5. default]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#default
[16.4.3.6. type]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#type
[16.4.3.7. choices]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#choices
[16.4.3.8. required]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#required
[16.4.3.9. help]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#help
[16.4.3.10. metavar]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#metavar
[16.4.3.11. dest]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#dest
[16.4.3.12. Action classes]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#action-classes
[16.4.4. The parse_args_ method]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#the-parse-args-method
[16.4.4.1. Option value syntax]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#option-value-syntax
[16.4.4.2. Invalid arguments]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#invalid-arguments
[16.4.4.3. Arguments containing _-]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#arguments-containing
[16.4.4.4. Argument abbreviations _prefix matching]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#argument-abbreviations-prefix-matching
[16.4.4.5. Beyond _sys.argv]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#beyond-sys-argv
[16.4.4.6. The Namespace object]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#the-namespace-object
[16.4.5. Other utilities]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#other-utilities
[16.4.5.1. Sub-commands]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#sub-commands
[16.4.5.2. FileType objects]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#filetype-objects
[16.4.5.3. Argument groups]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#argument-groups
[16.4.5.4. Mutual exclusion]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#mutual-exclusion
[16.4.5.5. Parser defaults]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#parser-defaults
[16.4.5.6. Printing help]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#printing-help
[16.4.5.7. Partial parsing]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#partial-parsing
[16.4.5.8. Customizing file parsing]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#customizing-file-parsing
[16.4.5.9. Exiting methods]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#exiting-methods
[16.4.6. Upgrading optparse code]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/argparse.html#upgrading-optparse-code
[16.5. _getopt_ _ C-style parser for command line options]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/getopt.html
[16.9. _getpass_ _ Portable password input]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/getpass.html
[16.10. _curses_ _ Terminal handling for character-cell displays]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.html
[16.10.1. Functions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.html#functions
[16.10.2. Window Objects]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.html#window-objects
[16.10.3. Constants]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.html#constants
[16.11. _curses.textpad_ _ Text input widget for curses programs]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.html#module-curses.textpad
[16.11.1. Textbox objects]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.html#textbox-objects
[16.12. _curses.ascii_ _ Utilities for ASCII characters]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.ascii.html
[16.13. _curses.panel_ _ A panel stack extension for curses]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.panel.html
[16.13.1. Functions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.panel.html#functions
[16.13.2. Panel Objects]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/curses.panel.html#panel-objects
[16.14. _platform_ _ Access to underlying platform_s identifying data]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html
[16.14.1. Cross Platform]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#cross-platform
[16.14.2. Java Platform]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#java-platform
[16.14.3. Windows Platform]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#windows-platform
[16.14.3.1. Win95_98 specific]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#win95-98-specific
[16.14.4. Mac OS Platform]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#mac-os-platform
[16.14.5. Unix Platforms]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/platform.html#unix-platforms
[16.15. _errno_ _ Standard errno system symbols]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/errno.html
[16.16. _ctypes_ _ A foreign function library for Python]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html
[16.16.1. ctypes tutorial]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#ctypes-tutorial
[16.16.1.1. Loading dynamic link libraries]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#loading-dynamic-link-libraries
[16.16.1.2. Accessing functions from loaded dlls]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#accessing-functions-from-loaded-dlls
[16.16.1.3. Calling functions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#calling-functions
[16.16.1.4. Fundamental data types]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#fundamental-data-types
[16.16.1.5. Calling functions_ continued]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#calling-functions-continued
[16.16.1.6. Calling functions with your own custom data types]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#calling-functions-with-your-own-custom-data-types
[16.16.1.7. Specifying the required argument types _function prototypes]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#specifying-the-required-argument-types-function-prototypes
[16.16.1.8. Return types]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#return-types
[16.16.1.9. Passing pointers _or_ passing parameters by reference]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#passing-pointers-or-passing-parameters-by-reference
[16.16.1.10. Structures and unions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#structures-and-unions
[16.16.1.11. Structure_union alignment and byte order]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#structure-union-alignment-and-byte-order
[16.16.1.12. Bit fields in structures and unions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#bit-fields-in-structures-and-unions
[16.16.1.13. Arrays]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#arrays
[16.16.1.14. Pointers]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#pointers
[16.16.1.15. Type conversions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#type-conversions
[16.16.1.16. Incomplete Types]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#incomplete-types
[16.16.1.17. Callback functions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#callback-functions
[16.16.1.18. Accessing values exported from dlls]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#accessing-values-exported-from-dlls
[16.16.1.19. Surprises]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#surprises
[16.16.1.20. Variable-sized data types]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#variable-sized-data-types
[16.16.2. ctypes reference]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#ctypes-reference
[16.16.2.1. Finding shared libraries]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#finding-shared-libraries
[16.16.2.2. Loading shared libraries]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#loading-shared-libraries
[16.16.2.3. Foreign functions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#foreign-functions
[16.16.2.4. Function prototypes]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#function-prototypes
[16.16.2.5. Utility functions]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#utility-functions
[16.16.2.6. Data types]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#data-types
[16.16.2.7. Fundamental data types]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#ctypes-fundamental-data-types-2
[16.16.2.8. Structured data types]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#structured-data-types
[16.16.2.9. Arrays and pointers]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/ctypes.html#arrays-and-pointers
[Blog]: http://blog.csdn.net/pipisorry
[16. Generic Operating System Services]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/allos.html