Shell脚本

迈不过友情╰ 2022-07-16 13:16 719阅读 1赞

1>利用vi 建立一个脚本文件，该文件在用户输入年、月之后，自动打印数出该年该月的日历。然后以3种不同方式执行该脚本，如有不能执行情况，请说明原因。
    脚本代码:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ cat -n printcal01
         1  #!/bin/bash
         2  
         3  #利用vi 建立一个脚本文件，该文件在用户输入年、月之后，自动打印数出该年该月的日历
         4  echo "Please input a year."
         5  read year
         6  echo "Please input a month."
         7  read month
         8  
         9  echo "$year 年 $month 月的日历为："
    10  cal $month $year
    
    测试:
    方式一:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ PATH=$PATH:.
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ echo $PATH
    /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:.
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ chmod a+x printcal01
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ printcal01
    Please input a year.
    2016
    Please input a month.
    10
    2016 年 10 月的日历为：
          十月 2016         
    日 一 二 三 四 五 六  
                       1  
     2  3  4  5  6  7  8  
     9 10 11 12 13 14 15  
    16 17 18 19 20 21 22  
    23 24 25 26 27 28 29  
    30 31      
    
    方式二:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash printcal01
    Please input a year.
    2000
    Please input a month.
    10
    2000 年 10 月的日历为：
          十月 2000         
    日 一 二 三 四 五 六  
     1  2  3  4  5  6  7  
     8  9 10 11 12 13 14  
    15 16 17 18 19 20 21  
    22 23 24 25 26 27 28  
    29 30 31              
    
    方式三:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash < printcal01
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ 
    没有达到脚本预期的结果
    
    2>编程提示用户输入两个单词，并将其读入，然后比较这两个单词，如果两个单词相同则显示“Match”，并显示“End of program”，如果不同则显示“End of program”。
    
    
    脚本代码:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ cat -n isequals01
         1  #!/bin/bash
         2  
         3  #提示用户输入两个单词，
         4  #并将其读入，
         5  #然后比较这两个字符串是否相等
         6  #如果这两个字符串相等，输出“Match”
         7  #并显示“End of the program”
         8  #如果这两个字符串不想等，输出“End of the program”
         9  
        10  #接受用户的输入
        11  echo "Please input two words."
        12  echo "Please input the first word."
        13  read firstString
        14  echo "Please input the second word."
        15  read secondString
        16  
        17  #比较这这两个字符串是否相同
        18  if [[ $firstString = $secondString ]]
        19      then echo "Match"
        20  fi
        21  echo "End of the program."
    
    测试:
    方式一:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ chmod a+x isequals01
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ isequals01
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    java
    Please input the second word.
    java
    Match
    End of the program.
    
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ isequals01
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    java
    Please input the second word.
    c
    End of the program.
    
    方式二:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash isequals01
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    java
    Please input the second word.
    java
    Match
    End of the program.
    
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash isequals01
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    java
    Please input the second word.
    c
    End of the program.
    
    方式三:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash < isequals01
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    End of the program.
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash < isequals01
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    End of the program.
    没有达到脚本预期的结果:
    
    3>修改上述程序，编程提示用户输入两个单词，并将其读入，然后比较这两个单词，如果两个单词相同显示“Match”,不同则显示“Not match”，最后显示“End of program”。
    <编程提示>请使用　if…then…else　控制结构。
    脚本代码:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ cat -n isequals02
         1  #!/bin/bash
         2  
         3  #提示用户输入两个单词，
         4  #并将其读入，
         5  #然后比较这两个字符串是否相等
         6  #如果这两个字符串相等，输出“Match”
         7  #如果这两个字符串不相等，输出“Not match”
         8  #最后显示“End of program.”
         9  
        10  #接受用户的输入
        11  echo "Please input two words."
        12  echo "Please input the first word."
        13  read firstString
        14  echo "Please input the second word."
        15  read secondString
        16  
        17  #比较这这两个字符串是否相同
        18  if [[ $firstString = $secondString ]]
        19      then echo "Match"
        20  else 
        21      echo "Not Match"
        22  fi
        23  echo "End of the program."
    
    测试:
    方式一:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ chmod a+x isequals02
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ isequals02
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    java
    Please input the second word.
    java
    Match
    End of the program.
    
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ isequals02
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    java
    Please input the second word.
    c
    Not Match
    End of the program.
    
    方式二：
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash isequals02
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    java
    Please input the second word.
    java
    Match
    End of the program.
    
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash isequals02
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    java
    Please input the second word.
    c
    Not Match
    End of the program.
    
    方式三:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash  < isequals02
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    Not Match
    End of the program.
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash  < isequals02
    Please input two words.
    Please input the first word.
    Not Match
    End of the program.
    未能达到预期的脚本运行结果:
    
    
    
    4>编程使用case结构创建一个简单的菜单，屏幕显示菜单：
    a. Current date and time
    b. User currently logged in
    c. Name of the working directory
    d. Contents of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    根据用户输入选项做相应操作。
    脚本代码:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ cat -n printmenu
         1  #!/bin/bash
         2  #author:lixinghai
         3  
         4  #编程使用case结构创建一个简单的菜单，
         5  #屏幕显示菜单
         6  # MENU
         7  #a.Current date and time
         8  #b.User currently logged in
         9  #c.Name of the working directory
        10  #d.Contests of the working directory
        11  #Enter a,b,c or d:
        12  
        13  echo -e "\n MENU \n"
        14  echo "a.Current date and time"
        15  echo "b.User currently logged in"
        16  echo "c.Name of the working directory"
        17  echo "d.Constests of the working directory"
        18  echo "Enter a,b,c or d:"
        19  
        20  read choice
        21  case $choice in 
        22      a)date;;
        23      b)who;;
        24      c)pwd;;
        25      d)ls;;
        26  esac
    
    测试:
    方式一:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ chmod a+x printmenu
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    a
    2016年 11月 17日 星期四 17:48:45 CST
    
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    b
    administrator :0           2016-11-17 17:32 (:0)
    administrator pts/10       2016-11-17 17:32 (:0)
    
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    c
    /home/administrator/LinuxShell
    
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    d
    123  chmod01     doubleprocess01  frequentcommands    m1.c    printcal01      
    ....(文件太多没有完全展示)
    
    方式二:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    a
    2016年 11月 17日 星期四 17:51:57 CST
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    b
    administrator :0           2016-11-17 17:32 (:0)
    administrator pts/10       2016-11-17 17:32 (:0)
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    c
    /home/administrator/LinuxShell
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    d
    123  chmod01     doubleprocess01  frequentcommands    m1.c    printcal01      showmenu         test        touch01
    
    方式三:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash < printmenu
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    Enter a,b,c or d:
    bash: 行 21: 未预期的符号 `)' 附近有语法错误
    bash: 行 21: `   a)date;;'
    
    不能够正确的执行:
    1>修改上题，使用户可以连续选择直到想退出时才退出。
    脚本代码:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ cat -n printmenu01
         1  #!/bin/bash
         2  #author:lixinghai
         3  
         4  #编程使用case结构创建一个简单的菜单，
         5  #屏幕显示菜单
         6  # MENU
         7  #a.Current date and time
         8  #b.User currently logged in
         9  #c.Name of the working directory
        10  #d.Contests of the working directory
        11  #Enter a,b,c or d:
        12  #使得用户可以连续选择，
        13  #直到用户想退出才退出。
        14  
        15  echo -e "\n MENU \n"
        16  echo "a.Current date and time"
        17  echo "b.User currently logged in"
        18  echo "c.Name of the working directory"
        19  echo "d.Constests of the working directory"
        20  echo "e.exit the menu"
        21  echo "Enter a,b,c,d or e:"
        22  echo " "
        23  
        24  while true
        25  do
        26      echo -n "Please input your choice:"
        27      read choice
        28      case $choice in 
        29          a)date;;
        30          b)who;;
        31          c)pwd;;
        32          d)ls;;
        33          e)break;;
        34      esac
        35  done
    
    测试:
    方式一:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ chmod a+x printmenu01
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ printmenu01
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    e.exit the menu
    Enter a,b,c,d or e:
    
    Please input your choice:a
    2016年 11月 17日 星期四 17:56:49 CST
    Please input your choice:b
    administrator :0           2016-11-17 17:32 (:0)
    administrator pts/10       2016-11-17 17:32 (:0)
    Please input your choice:c
    /home/administrator/LinuxShell
    Please input your choice:d
    123  chmod01     doubleprocess01  frequentcommands    m1.c    printcal01      showmenu         test        touch01
    (文件太多没有完全展示:)
    Please input your choice:e
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ 
    
    方式二:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash printmenu01
    
            MENU  
    
    a.Current date and time
    b.User currently logged in
    c.Name of the working directory
    d.Constests of the working directory
    e.exit the menu
    Enter a,b,c,d or e:
    
    Please input your choice:a
    2016年 11月 17日 星期四 17:58:31 CST
    Please input your choice:b
    administrator :0           2016-11-17 17:32 (:0)
    administrator pts/10       2016-11-17 17:32 (:0)
    Please input your choice:c
    /home/administrator/LinuxShell
    Please input your choice:d
    123  chmod01     doubleprocess01  frequentcommands    m1.c    printcal01      showmenu         test        touch01
    1.c  commandchar     echo         frequentcommands01  m2.c    printcharacter  singlechar           test01          traversearray
    2.c  commandchar01   edit         getsum          man01   printf01    singlechar01         test02          until
    3.c  commandchar02   errfile      groupcommand01      manwc   printf02    singleprocess01      test03          userinfor
    abc  commands    exe1         groupcommand02      menu    printmenu   source           test04          varibles01
    alias01  commandsAssist  exe2         head01          mv01    printmenu01     source1          test05          varibles02
    alias02  copy        exe6         Hello.c         mv02    privilege   source2          test06          varibles03
    alias03  copyandcat  exist        history01       mv03    read        source3          test07          wc01
    array    cp01        explain      history02       myfile      reverse     source5          testcase        wc02
    case     cp02        fibolaqi     history5        newfile     rmdir01     specialcharacters01  testfile        while
    cat01    CResource   fibolaqi01   isequals        outappend   rmdir02     specialcharacters02  testfor
    cat02    cuts        fibonacci    isequals01          pdw01   rmdir03     stdin            testfor01
    cat03    DestDir     fibonacci01      isequals02          position    script      stdout01         testuntil
    cat11    different   file         line            pr      shellscript01   stdout02         testwhile
    cd01     dir01       file.c       logicalor       prfile      shellscript02   $student*           testwhile01
    cd02     dir02       find         longicaland         printarray  shellscript03   systeminfor          threeprocess01
    chmod    doublechars     for          longicalseq         printcal    shift01     tail01           tmp1
    Please input your choice:e
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ 
    
    方式三:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash < printmenu01
    your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your choice:Please input your 
    ...(使用该方式出现死循环)
    不能够正确的执行:
    
    6.设计一个程序，从命令行接收数值参数，并计算这些参数的和。
    脚本代码:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ cat -n getsum
         1  #!/bin/bash
         2  
         3  #设计一个程序，从命令行接受数值参数，并计算这些参数的和
         4  sum=0
         5  if [[ $1 -eq "" ]]
         6      then echo "ERROR:parameters hanpped error"
         7      echo "Please try again"
         8  else
         9      while [[ $1 -ne "" ]]
        10          do
        11              let "sum=sum+$1"
        12              shift
        13          done
        14      echo "The sum of all the numbers is $sum "
    15  fi
    
    测试：
    方式一:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ chmod a+x getsum
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ getsum 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 
    The sum of all the numbers is 45 
    
    方式二:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash getsum 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 
    The sum of all the numbers is 45 
    
    方式三:
    administrator@administrator-virtual-machine:~/LinuxShell$ bash < getsum
    ERROR:parameters hanpped error
    Please try again
    不能够正确的执行：
    。
    总结：运行脚本有三种方式
    1>将当前目录添加到环境变量中:PATH=$PATH:.
    给脚本添加可执行的权限
    直接在命令行输出脚本的名字,然后回车
    在脚本正确的前提下,基本上都是可以成功运行的
    2>使用bash 脚本的名字
    在脚本正确的前提下,基本上都是可以成功运行的
    3>使用bash < 脚本的名字
    在脚本正确的前提下,如果需要从标准输入流接受用户的输入,都是不能直接执行成功的