mongo shell连接到mongoDB及shell提示符下执行js脚本

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-07-16 00:57 487阅读 0赞

> 同mysql数据库类似，mongoDB也可通过mongo客户端连接到mongod服务器来进行绝大多数日常管理。这个命令行工具就是mongo，在mysql中则是mysql。通过mongo命令可以连接到本机，异机，以及在linux shell或者mongo shell下执行js脚本。本文即是对此展开的描述。

## 一、mongo客户端连接到mongoDB ##

//mongo连接格式
    $ mongo some-host:30000/myDB 
    
    //连接到本机缺省端口，缺省数据库test
    C:\Users\Think>mongo
    MongoDB shell version: 3.2.9
    connecting to: test
    
    //连接到远程主机副本集，并查看版本
    C:\Users\Think>mongo 192.168.1.242:27000
    MongoDB shell version: 3.2.9
    connecting to: 192.168.1.242:27000/test
    repSetTest:PRIMARY> db.version()
    3.0.12
    
    //连接到远程主机mongos
    C:\Users\Think>mongo 192.168.1.242:27017
    MongoDB shell version: 3.2.9
    connecting to: 192.168.1.242:27017/test
    mongos>
    
    //连接到特定的DB，端口号后加"/"及DB名
    C:\Users\Think>mongo 192.168.1.242:27000/tempdb
    MongoDB shell version: 3.2.9
    connecting to: 192.168.1.242:27000/tempdb
    repSetTest:PRIMARY> db
    tempdb
    
    //不连接任何DB，然后在提示符下进行连接DB
    C:\Users\Think>mongo --nodb
    MongoDB shell version: 3.2.9
    > db
    2016-09-06T14:56:19.323+0800 E QUERY    [thread1] ReferenceError: db is not defined :
    @(shell):1:1
    
    > conn = new Mongo("192.168.1.242:27000")
    connection to 192.168.1.242:27000
    > db = conn.getDB("tempdb")
    tempdb
    repSetTest:PRIMARY> db
    tempdb
    
    //使用connect方式连接数据库
    C:\Users\Think>mongo --nodb
    MongoDB shell version: 3.2.9
    > var db=connect("192.168.1.242:27017/tempdb");
    connecting to: 192.168.1.242:27017/tempdb
    mongos> var list=db.user.find().toArray();
    mongos> printjson(list);
    [
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57cf79a7ed46066de447aac4"),
                    "ename" : "robin"
            },
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57cf79aded46066de447aac5"),
                    "ename" : "jerry"
            },
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57cf79b3ed46066de447aac6"),
                    "ename" : "fred"
            }
    ]

## 二、shell提示符下执行js脚本 ##

1、调用单个js脚本
    # more find.js 
    var item=db.user.find({}).toArray();
    printjson(item);
    
    # mongo localhost:27000/tempdb find.js //调用时指定了主机及库名
    MongoDB shell version: 3.0.12
    connecting to: localhost:27000/tempdb
    [
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57ce64c4843451f0d789a05e"),
                    "ename" : "robin"
            },
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57ce6a940b4ef68464e67f8d"),
                    "ename" : "fred"
            }
    ]
    
    2、同时调用多个js脚本，如下，先执行insert.js，然后再执行find.js
    # mongo localhost:27000/tempdb insert.js find.js 
    MongoDB shell version: 3.0.12
    connecting to: localhost:27000/tempdb
    loading file: insert.js
    loading file: find.js
    [
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57ce64c4843451f0d789a05e"),
                    "ename" : "robin"
            },
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57ce6a940b4ef68464e67f8d"),
                    "ename" : "fred"
            },
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57ce6c6aff7edaac9160fe47"),
                    "ename" : "jack"
            }
    ]
    
    //下面在Windows环境下调用js脚本访问Linux下的mongodb
    //命令行下调用时，此时未指定主机及库名，主机及库名在js脚本中定义
    C:\Users\Think>type d:\temp\mongo_test.js
    var mongo=new Mongo("192.168.1.242:27017");
    var db=mongo.getDB("tempdb");
    var collection=db.getCollection("user");
    var list= collection.find().toArray();
    printjson(list);
    
    C:\Users\Think>mongo "d:\temp\mongo_test.js"
    MongoDB shell version: 3.2.9
    connecting to: test
    Cannot use 'commands' readMode, degrading to 'legacy' mode
    [
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57cf79a7ed46066de447aac4"),
                    "ename" : "robin"        //Author: Leshami
            },                               //Blog : http://blog.csdn.net/leshami 
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57cf79aded46066de447aac5"),
                    "ename" : "jerry"
            },
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57cf79b3ed46066de447aac6"),
                    "ename" : "fred"
            }
    ]
    
    3、mongo提示符下执行使用load调用js
    [root@node1 ~]# mongo localhost:27000
    MongoDB shell version: 3.0.12
    connecting to: localhost:27000/test
    repSetTest:PRIMARY> use tempdb
    switched to db tempdb
    repSetTest:PRIMARY> load("find.js")
    [
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57ce64c4843451f0d789a05e"),
                    "ename" : "robin"
            },
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57ce6a940b4ef68464e67f8d"),
                    "ename" : "fred"
            },
            {
                    "_id" : ObjectId("57ce6c6aff7edaac9160fe47"),
                    "ename" : "jack"
            }
    ]
    true
    
    4、命令提示符下直接执行javascript方法
    C:\Users\Think>mongo 192.168.1.242:27017/tempdb --eval "printjson(db.getCollectionNames())"
    MongoDB shell version: 3.2.9
    connecting to: 192.168.1.242:27017/tempdb
    [ "system.indexes", "user" ]
    
    5、mongo提示符下调用系统命令
    mongos> run("ls","-l","/home/robin")
    2016-09-07T09:38:21.907+0800 I -        shell: started program (sh70522):  ls -l /home/robin
    sh70522| total 4
    sh70522| -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2 Sep  7 09:38 test.txt
    0