Windows7+VS2012下OpenGL 4的环境配置

你的名字 2022-07-15 00:19 217阅读 0赞

# [Windows7+VS2012下OpenGL 4的环境配置][Windows7_VS2012_OpenGL 4] #

系统环境

Windows 7 Ultimate x64，Visual Studio Ultimate 2012 Update 4，和一块支持OpenGL 4.x的显卡。

--------------------

准备工作

首先用[GPU Caps Viewer][]检查机器最高支持的OpenGL及GLSL版本。比如我的机器可以支持OpenGL 4.5和GLSL 4.5：

id="iframe\_0.8438952273643598" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/gpu-caps-viewer.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.8438952273643598',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 408px; height: 583px;">

下载GLEW和GLFW的源码。其中[GLEW][]用来管理和载入OpenGL的各种扩展库，[GLFW][]用来创建窗口和控制鼠标及键盘的交互。我使用的版本分别是glew-1.12.0和glfw-3.1.1。下载地址分别为：

[https://sourceforge.net/projects/glew/files/glew/1.12.0/glew-1.12.0.zip/download][https_sourceforge.net_projects_glew_files_glew_1.12.0_glew-1.12.0.zip_download]

[http://sourceforge.net/projects/glfw/files/glfw/3.1.1/glfw-3.1.1.zip/download][http_sourceforge.net_projects_glfw_files_glfw_3.1.1_glfw-3.1.1.zip_download]

下载并安装[CMAKE][]。用来辅助编译GLFW。我使用的版本为cmake-3.2.1。下载地址为：

[http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.2/cmake-3.2.1-win32-x86.exe][http_www.cmake.org_files_v3.2_cmake-3.2.1-win32-x86.exe]

--------------------

编译GLFW

打开CMAKE。点击“Browsw source…”选择GLFW的根目录，点击“Browse build…”任意选取一个新建的文件夹作为输出目录。点击“Configure”：

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在弹出的窗口中选择“Visual Studio 11 2012”，点击“Finish”：

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保持默认配置即可。如果想用头文件+.dll的方式调用GLFW，可以勾选“BUILD\_SHARED\_LINKS”；不勾选则是默认的头文件+.lib方式调用。为“CMAKE\_INSTALL\_PREFIX”选择一个新的位置，用来存放用VS2012编译输出的结果。然后点击“Generate”，VS2012项目文件就生成完毕了。

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打开刚刚指定的Build目录，用Visual Studio 2012打开GLFW.sln文件。为保险起见，先用Debug方式编译ZERO\_CHECK，如果没有报错，则用Release方式编译ALL\_BUILD，再编译INSTALL。

id="iframe\_0.9553105630766385" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/vs2012-glfw.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.9553105630766385',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 924px; height: 769px;">

如果编译成功，在之前指定的GLFW文件夹内会多出两个文件夹include和lib，这里面就包含着我们会用到的头文件和链接库文件：

id="iframe\_0.8917844937472885" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/glfw-directory.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.8917844937472885',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 834px; height: 435px;">

把include中的GLFW文件夹拷贝到一个你觉得方便的位置，比如“E:\\dev-lib\\opengl4\\include”：

id="iframe\_0.14830359125378356" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/glfw-include.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.14830359125378356',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 815px; height: 428px;">

把lib中的glfw3.lib文件拷贝到新的位置，比如“E:\\dev-lib\\opengl4\\lib”：

id="iframe\_0.7854555186303311" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/glfw-lib.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.7854555186303311',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 839px; height: 439px;">

--------------------

编译GLEW

用Visual Studio 2012打开GLEW目录下build\\vc10\\glew.sln文件，第一次打开时会提示是否把VS2010项目转换成VS2012项目，选择是即可。选择Release方式，点击BUILD -> Build Solution：

id="iframe\_0.43994285825952284" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/vs2012-glew.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.43994285825952284',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 924px; height: 480px;">

如果编译成功，会发现在bin\\Release\\Win32目录下有3个新文件。把glew32.dll文件拷贝到C:\\Windows\\SysWOW64目录下。

id="iframe\_0.17201029844931437" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/glew-bin.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.17201029844931437',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 853px; height: 437px;">

glewinfo.exe和visualinfo.exe可以用来查看系统对OpenGL各个特性的支持情况，比如：

id="iframe\_0.9096049747081323" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/glewinfo.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.9096049747081323',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 727px; height: 732px;">

把lib\\Release\\Win32目录下的glew32.lib拷贝到之前的“E:\\dev-lib\\opengl4\\lib”中。把include目录中的GL文件夹拷贝到之前的“E:\\dev-lib\\opengl4\\include”中。

--------------------

新建项目

打开Visual Studio 2012，点击FILE -> New -> Project…，选择Visual C++ -> Win32 Console Application。比如命名为“ogl4-test”：

id="iframe\_0.6414979522452131" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/vs2012-new-project.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.6414979522452131',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 924px; height: 643px;">

右击项目名称，点击Properties。在Configuration Properties -> VC++ Directories中，为Include Directories添加“E:\\dev-lib\\opengl4\\include;”；为Library Directories添加“E:\\dev-lib\\opengl4\\lib;”。注意为Debug和Release都要添加：

id="iframe\_0.2916629829714654" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/project-properties.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.2916629829714654',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 924px; height: 663px;">

在Configuration Properties -> Linker -> Input中，为Additional Dependencies添加“glew32.lib;glfw3.lib;opengl32.lib;”。注意为Debug和Release都要添加：

id="iframe\_0.7228504866287562" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/linker-input.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.7228504866287562',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 924px; height: 667px;">

把以下代码拷贝到0gl4-test.cpp文件中。代码来自[Anton's OpenGL 4 Tutorials][Anton_s OpenGL 4 Tutorials]

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

#include "stdafx.h"
    #include <GL/glew.h>
    //#define GLFW_DLL
    #include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
    
    
    int main(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
    {
        // start GL context and O/S window using the GLFW helper library
        if (!glfwInit ()) {
            fprintf (stderr, "ERROR: could not start GLFW3\n");
            return 1;
        } 
    
        GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow (800, 600, "Hello Triangle", NULL, NULL);
        if (!window) {
            fprintf (stderr, "ERROR: could not open window with GLFW3\n");
            glfwTerminate();
            return 1;
        }
        glfwMakeContextCurrent (window);
                                      
        // start GLEW extension handler
        glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;
        glewInit ();
    
        // get version info
        const GLubyte* renderer = glGetString (GL_RENDERER); // get renderer string
        const GLubyte* version = glGetString (GL_VERSION); // version as a string
        printf ("Renderer: %s\n", renderer);
        printf ("OpenGL version supported %s\n", version);
    
        // tell GL to only draw onto a pixel if the shape is closer to the viewer
        glEnable (GL_DEPTH_TEST); // enable depth-testing
        glDepthFunc (GL_LESS); // depth-testing interprets a smaller value as "closer"
        
        float points[] = {
            0.0f,  0.5f,  0.0f,
            0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f,
            -0.5f, -0.5f,  0.0f
        };
    
        GLuint vbo = 0;
        glGenBuffers (1, &vbo);
        glBindBuffer (GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
        glBufferData (GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 9 * sizeof (float), points, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
    
        GLuint vao = 0;
        glGenVertexArrays (1, &vao);
        glBindVertexArray (vao);
        glEnableVertexAttribArray (0);
        glBindBuffer (GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo);
        glVertexAttribPointer (0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, NULL);
    
        const char* vertex_shader =
            "#version 400\n"
            "in vec3 vp;"
            "void main () {
          "
            "  gl_Position = vec4 (vp, 1.0);"
            "}";
    
        const char* fragment_shader =
            "#version 400\n"
            "out vec4 frag_colour;"
            "void main () {
          "
            "  frag_colour = vec4 (0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0);"
            "}";
    
        GLuint vs = glCreateShader (GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
        glShaderSource (vs, 1, &vertex_shader, NULL);
        glCompileShader (vs);
        GLuint fs = glCreateShader (GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
        glShaderSource (fs, 1, &fragment_shader, NULL);
        glCompileShader (fs);
    
        GLuint shader_programme = glCreateProgram ();
        glAttachShader (shader_programme, fs);
        glAttachShader (shader_programme, vs);
        glLinkProgram (shader_programme);
    
        // Loop until the user closes the window
        while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
        {
            // wipe the drawing surface clear
            glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
            glUseProgram (shader_programme);
            glBindVertexArray (vao);
            // draw points 0-3 from the currently bound VAO with current in-use shader
            glDrawArrays (GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
            // update other events like input handling 
            glfwPollEvents ();
            // put the stuff we've been drawing onto the display
            glfwSwapBuffers (window);
        }
    
        // close GL context and any other GLFW resources
        glfwTerminate();
    
        return 0;
    }

![复制代码][copycode.gif]

点击“Local Windows Debugger”，就可以看见如下效果：

id="iframe\_0.978680235197976" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/triangle.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.978680235197976',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 851px; height: 727px;">

--------------------

另一枚例子

这是一个用合成的Gerstner波绘制水面的例子，根据[《水面的简单渲染 – Gerstner波》][_ Gerstner]修改而来。完整代码下载地址：[http://pan.baidu.com/s/1gdzoe4b][http_pan.baidu.com_s_1gdzoe4b]，所需的配置文件下载地址：[http://pan.baidu.com/s/1pJ81kyZ][http_pan.baidu.com_s_1pJ81kyZ]。项目托管地址：[https://github.com/johnhany/OpenGLProjects/tree/master/GerstnerWave][https_github.com_johnhany_OpenGLProjects_tree_master_GerstnerWave]。

效果如下：

id="iframe\_0.8924721453220488" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://johnhany.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/gerstner-waves.jpg?\_=5557636%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:924px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe\_0.8924721453220488',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-style: none; border-width: initial; width: 842px; height: 727px;">

原文链接：[Windows7+VS2012下OpenGL 4的环境配置][Windows7_VS2012_OpenGL 4 1]

http://www.cnblogs.com/rainbow70626/p/5557636.html

[Windows7_VS2012_OpenGL 4]: http://www.cnblogs.com/rainbow70626/p/5557636.html
[GPU Caps Viewer]: http://www.ozone3d.net/gpu_caps_viewer/
[GLEW]: http://glew.sourceforge.net/
[GLFW]: http://www.glfw.org/
[https_sourceforge.net_projects_glew_files_glew_1.12.0_glew-1.12.0.zip_download]: https://sourceforge.net/projects/glew/files/glew/1.12.0/glew-1.12.0.zip/download
[http_sourceforge.net_projects_glfw_files_glfw_3.1.1_glfw-3.1.1.zip_download]: http://sourceforge.net/projects/glfw/files/glfw/3.1.1/glfw-3.1.1.zip/download
[CMAKE]: http://www.cmake.org/
[http_www.cmake.org_files_v3.2_cmake-3.2.1-win32-x86.exe]: http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.2/cmake-3.2.1-win32-x86.exe
[Anton_s OpenGL 4 Tutorials]: http://antongerdelan.net/opengl/hellotriangle.html
[copycode.gif]: /images/20220715/b64a463d6cdb49ba98fb1c4a6ba39689.png
[_ Gerstner]: http://johnhany.net/2014/02/water-rendering-with-gerstner-wave/
[http_pan.baidu.com_s_1gdzoe4b]: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1gdzoe4b
[http_pan.baidu.com_s_1pJ81kyZ]: http://pan.baidu.com/s/1pJ81kyZ
[https_github.com_johnhany_OpenGLProjects_tree_master_GerstnerWave]: https://github.com/johnhany/OpenGLProjects/tree/master/GerstnerWave
[Windows7_VS2012_OpenGL 4 1]: http://johnhany.net/2015/03/environment-for-opengl-4-with-vs2012/