在macOS 10.12 Sierra上安装Tomcat 8.5

阳光穿透心脏的1/2处 2022-07-13 06:45 149阅读 0赞

https://wolfpaulus.com/journal/mac/tomcat8/

The Servlet 4.0 specification is out and Tomcat 9.0.x will support it. However, at this point Tomcat 8.5.x is the best Tomcat version and it is supporting the 3.1 Servlet Spec.

Since OS X 10.7 Java is not (pre-)installed anymore, let’s fix that first.

## Prerequisite: Java ##

As I’m writing this, Java 1.8.0\_101 is the latest version, available for download here: [http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html][http_www.oracle.com_technetwork_java_javase_downloads_index.html]

The JDK installer package come in an dmg and installs easily on the Mac; and after opening the Terminal app again,

java -version

now shows something like this:

java version "1.8.0_101"
    Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_101-b13)
    Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.101-b13, mixed mode)

Whatever you do, when opening Terminal and running java -version, you should see something like this, with a version of at least 1.7.x I.e. Tomcat 8.x requires Java 7 or later.

sudo is a program for Unix-like operating systems, allowing you to run programs with the security privileges of another user (normally the superuser, or root). Since we are creating directories, outside of your home folder, administrator right are required. I.e., when executing  sudo you will be asked to enter your password; and your Mac User account needs to be an ‘Admin’ account.

JAVA\_HOME is an important environment variable, not just for Tomcat, and it’s important to get it right. Here is a trick that allows me to keep the environment variable current, even after a Java Update was installed. In ~/.bash\_profile, I set the variable like so:

export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home)

## Installing Tomcat ##

Here are the easy to follow steps to get it up and running on your Mac

1.  Download a binary distribution of the core module: apache-tomcat-8.5.5.tar.gz from [here][]. I picked the tar.gz in Binary Distributions / Core section.
2.  Opening/unarchiving the archive will create a folder structure in your Downloads folder: (btw, this free [Unarchiver app][] is perfect for all kinds of compressed files and superior to the built-in Archive Utility.app)  
    ~/Downloads/apache-tomcat-8.5.5
3.  Open to Terminal app to move the unarchived distribution to /usr/local  
    `sudo mkdir -p /usr/local`  
    `sudo mv ~/Downloads/apache-tomcat-8.5.5 /usr/local`
4.  To make it easy to replace this release with future releases, we are going to create a symbolic link that we are going to use when referring to Tomcat (after removing the old link, you might have from installing a previous version):  
    `sudo rm -f /Library/Tomcat sudo ln -s /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.5 /Library/Tomcat`
5.  Change ownership of the /Library/Tomcat folder hierarchy:  
    `sudo chown -R <your_username> /Library/Tomcat`
6.  Make all scripts executable:  
    `sudo chmod +x /Library/Tomcat/bin/*.sh`

![tc855][]

## Tomcat 8.x ##

Instead of using the start and stop scripts, like so:  
`$ /Library/Tomcat/bin/startup.sh Using CATALINA_BASE: /Library/Tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /Library/Tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /Library/Tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_101.jdk/Contents/Home Using CLASSPATH: /Library/Tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/Library/Tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar Tomcat started.`  
`$ /Library/Tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh Using CATALINA_BASE: /Library/Tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /Library/Tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /Library/Tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_101.jdk/Contents/Home Using CLASSPATH: /Library/Tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/Library/Tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar`  
you may also want to check out [Activata’s Tomcat Controller][Activata_s Tomcat Controller] (should the site be down, download it here [Tomcat Controller][]), a tiny freeware app, providing a UI to quickly start/stop Tomcat. It may not say so, but Tomcat Controller works on macOS 10.12 just fine.

[![Tomcat Controller][Tomcat Controller 1]][Tomcat Controller 1]

Finally, after your started Tomcat, open your Mac’s Web browser and take a look at the default page: [http://localhost:8080][http_localhost_8080]

[http_www.oracle.com_technetwork_java_javase_downloads_index.html]: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
[here]: http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi
[Unarchiver app]: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/the-unarchiver/id425424353?mt=12
[tc855]: https://wolfpaulus.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/tc855-1024x941.png
[Activata_s Tomcat Controller]: http://www.activata.co.uk/tomcatcontroller/
[Tomcat Controller]: https://wolfpaulus.com/misc/TomcatController_1_2.dmg.zip
[Tomcat Controller 1]: https://wolfpaulus.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/tcontroller.png
[http_localhost_8080]: http://localhost:8080/