Dubbo 的简单实用

小咪咪 2022-07-12 05:06 229阅读 0赞

1.  使用Dubbo 的安装一个注册中心来注册服务，一般选用的是 zookeeper 。zookeeper的安装并不是很复杂。
2.  Dubbo采用全spring配置方式，透明化接入应用，对应用没有任何API侵入，只需用Spring加载Dubbo的配置即可，Dubbo基于Spring的Schema扩展进行加载。可以直接像使用本地已经实现的接口一样，通过Spring Bean 容器里面直接获取。这也是Dubbo最大的好处之一。

3.结构工程

![这是一个简单的工程结构][SouthEast]  
这是一个简单的工程结构：  
consumer 消费者 ，消费服务，是使用服务的对象。一个消费者可以消费多个服务。  
provider 服务提供者 ，提供实现了的接口。一个服务者也可以像多个消费者提供服务。  
interface 公共接口（消费者和服务提供者共用）

（一）Interface  
普通 Java 模块，没有引用其他相关的包

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

定义了一个接口，给 consumer ，provider使用 ，没有实现。  
实现在 provider 里面。使用在 consumer 里面。

public interface IUserService {
    
         boolean login(String username, String password);
    }

(二) Provider  
主要功能是，实现接口IUserService ，并注册到注册中心。

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>DubboDemo</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.linving.DubboDemo</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.linving.DubboDemo</groupId>
        <artifactId>provider</artifactId>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>provider</name>
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
        
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <junit.version>3.8.1</junit.version>
            <springframework.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</springframework.version>
            <commonsLogging.version>1.2</commonsLogging.version>
        </properties>
        
    
        <dependencies>
            
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                <version>${commonsLogging.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
                <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
                <version>1.8.5</version>
            </dependency>
            
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.3</version>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.3</version>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
                        <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
                        <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
                        <artifactId>jms</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>0.1</version>
            </dependency>
            
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.linving.DubboDemo</groupId>
                <artifactId>interface</artifactId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
            
        </dependencies>
    </project>

类：

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 2]  
UserServiceImpl 是接口的实现。

SpringBeanFactory 是 spring bean加载类，用来启动spring容器。

provider 一般不用Tomcat或者其他容器中启动。有个启动类即可。

在看看 服务是这么注册到 注册中心的。

applicationContext.xml 平常spring 加载的一些配置，没有什么特殊的。

spring-provider.xml 负责 注册到注册中心并注册服务。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
            http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
        
        <dubbo:application name="dubbodemo-provider"/>
        
        <dubbo:registry id="dubbodemo" address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
        
        <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="28080"/>
        
        <dubbo:service timeout="3000" interface="com.linving.service.IUserService" ref="userService"/>
        
        
    </beans>

就这样就可以 发布一个服务了。 记得打开注册中心。

**Consumer**  
服务消费者

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <parent>
            <artifactId>DubboDemo</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.linving.DubboDemo</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <groupId>com.linving.DubboDemo</groupId>
        <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
    
        <name>consumer</name>
        <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    
        
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <junit.version>3.8.1</junit.version>
            <springframework.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</springframework.version>
            <commonsLogging.version>1.2</commonsLogging.version>
        </properties>
        
    
        <dependencies>
            
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>${springframework.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                <version>${commonsLogging.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
                <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
                <version>1.8.5</version>
            </dependency>
            
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
                <version>2.5.3</version>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                        <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
                <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
                <version>3.3.3</version>
                <exclusions>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
                        <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
                        <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                    <exclusion>
                        <groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
                        <artifactId>jms</artifactId>
                    </exclusion>
                </exclusions>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId>
                <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
                <version>0.1</version>
            </dependency>
            
    
            
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.linving.DubboDemo</groupId>
                <artifactId>interface</artifactId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
            </dependency>
            
        </dependencies>
    </project>

![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 3]

Consumer 服消费者：实际运用一般是一个WebApp ,在容器中启动。这里没有写成一个web 项目。  
看看是怎么获取注册中心的信息的：

spring-consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
            http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">
    
        
        <dubbo:application name="dubbodemo-consumer"/>
        
        <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://localhost:2181"/>
        
        <dubbo:protocol port="28080"/>
        
        <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="com.linving.service.IUserService"/>
        
        
    </beans>

UserServiceConsumer.java

@Component
    public class UserServiceConsumer {
    
        private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserServiceConsumer.class);
    
        public static void main(String args[]) {
            ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            //调用远程服务 
            IUserService userService = (IUserService) ctx.getBean("userService");
            logger.info("执行结果：" + userService.login("hello", "hello"));
        }
    }
    
    
    可像调用本地 实现一样调用远程服务了。
    
    
    项目代码地址： 
    https://git.oschina.net/linving/DubboDemo.git

[SouthEast]: /images/20220711/2906a265a75c44db92902b37ffd58100.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220711/8326784867054caf8a8665fefde88faf.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220711/4c1b9fa851854be7a875e900e34638a2.png
[SouthEast 3]: /images/20220711/53c7fbf1a8f24496a4eb030374e8f3ed.png