【狂云歌之unity_vr】unity项目持续集成dailybuild以及多平台打包管理

清疚 2022-07-11 06:58 357阅读 0赞

# 【狂云歌之unity\_vr】unity项目持续集成dailybuild以及多平台打包管理 #

![unityvr][]

## 前言 ##

持续集成的意义就不多说了。unity通常打包一般就直接build&run，但是在实际项目中，往往直接在服务器build包，所以命令行打包必不可少，这里一方面分享unity打包做持续集成，一方面分享使用unity管理多平台打包，例如一个vrapp需要支持gear版本，支持小米版本，支持cardboard版本等等~懂的人就知道这里具有一定的管理维护成本。

我们做vr相关的app，需要支持gear、cardboard、小米、vivo、大朋、暴风、Idealens、pico、nibiru、酷开等一大堆平台，曾经还有lg和htcvive、oculus平台，未来还会有更多的平台，所以关于unity项目的多平台管理是很重要的，在这方面我们也在探索，积累了一点经验。这里介绍的主要是基于unity中c\#写的打包和多平台管理，如果将其中一部分功能使用python和其他配置文件来实现也是可以的，只是用c\#直接做会方便许多。

## jenkins ##

![jenkins][]

[https://jenkins.io/index.html][https_jenkins.io_index.html]

jenkins不用多说，懂的人都了解是干什么的，来源于hudson，可以比较容易的搭起一个持续集成服务器，支持svn和git等版本管理。支持bash，所以可以用bash、python等大部分脚本来写打包脚本和前后的处理。

## unity命令行打包 ##

unity如何进行命令行打包呢，其实unity是支持以命令行方式启动的，但是需要关闭editor支持执行命令，如下：

${unity可执行文件路径} -projectPath ${项目路径} 
    -executeMethod CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease 
    -batchmode -quit -logFile ${放log的路径} 
    -ForceExitEditor

整体比较容易理解，其中`CloudBuild.PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease`是一个类的静态方法，然后在这个方法中写打包相关逻辑即可。

EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);
    string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };
    BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);

核心逻辑就这么多，就会开始打一个android包并且生成到buildpath下面

## 多平台打包管理 ##

### 准备工作 ###

对unity插件不熟悉的可以看下 [开发unity插件——一次搞定unity编辑器常用功能][unity_unity]

我这里准备了一个全局的配置文件，当然这个可以使用外部配置文件来管理配置，是一个道理的。这里定义了两个平台版本一个是alpha一个是beta，使用宏来区分不同平台的版本号。

using UnityEngine;
    using System.Collections;
    
    public class GlobalConfig {
    #if CLOUD_ALPHA
        public const int ClientVersionCode = 1;
        public const string ClientVersion = "1.0";
    #elif CLOUD_BETA
        public const int ClientVersionCode = 2;
        public const string ClientVersion = "1.1";
    #endif
    }

文件目录组织大概如下，其中CloudBuild是编辑器工具，包含菜单项和打包功能，两个平台分别依赖不同的so文件和manifest文件。

![dir][]

制作了一个menu，主要包含的功能是可以在alpha和beta平台之间切换，可以打alpha平台的apk包，当然想打beta平台的包只需要简单修改。

![menu][]

### manifest管理 ###

写个简单的脚本进行manifest替换就好，对于alpha平台和beta平台各有自己的manifest文件，在切换平台的时候将对应的manifest复制替换。

/// <summary>
    ///  使用相应的androidmanifest
    /// </summary>
    static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename)
    {
        string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);
        string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";
        string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";
        File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);
        AssetDatabase.Refresh();//因为修改了manifest文件，所以刷新unity的assets
    }

### 依赖包管理 ###

为什么要做依赖包管理呢？因为在使用不同平台sdk的时候，可能会引入很多sdk，每个sdk里包含自己的so、jar、aar包等，如果什么都不管理，直接打包的话，那么这些依赖的文件都会打进所有的apk包，简单来说就会增加包的体积，更严重的情况下，这些不同平台sdk里的依赖库可能还会有冲突，如果打进同一个apk包，后果不堪设想~

做依赖包管理主要依赖unity自己的assetimport管理如下图，那么只要在需要的时候勾选不需要的时候取消勾选就好了，我们要做的就是用代码来自动实现这个功能。

![assetsimport][]

先准备好各个平台的依赖包路径

static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {
        "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so",
    };
    
    static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {
        "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so",
    };

然后在切换不同平台的时候对这些依赖包的import做处理，这块Asset属于plugin，所以使用pluginimporter来管理勾选的问题。

static void ChangePluginToAlpha()
    {
        SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);
        SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false);
    }
    
    static void ChangePluginToBeta()
    {
        SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);
        SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true);
    }
    
    static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true)
    {
        foreach(var path in plugins)
        {
            PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;
            vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);
        }
    }

非常简单一看就可以懂，然后试一下就明白了。

### 平台切换 ###

平台切换功能主要是在editor里调试各个平台功能的时候使用的菜单项，功能也很简单，就做了下面几件事情  
\- 切平台和宏定义  
\- 切playersetting参数  
\- 切buildscene配置  
\- 切manifest和依赖包  
\- 保存及打开对应平台的场景（如果场景不是复用的）

代码示例如下，因为我们做vr相关的app，所以在gear平台时vrsupport为true，其他平台时为false，如果不同平台的scene不一样，那么在最后问用户是否保存当前场景，然后打开对应平台的场景。

/// <summary>
    /// 切换alpha平台
    /// </summary>
    [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)]
    static void SwitchToAlpha()
    {
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);
        PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
        EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {
            new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),
            new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)
        };//场景
        UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
        ChangePluginToAlpha();
        EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();
        EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
    }

### 打包 ###

那么最后打包脚本如下，粗看信息量可能比较大，实际只做了几件事情  
\- 准备好要打包的scene  
\- 将当前editor的状态保存一下，以便打完包恢复，这是为了开发使用方便而已，否则在开发机上打个包就发现editor的很多属性变了有时很尴尬  
\- 处理android的签名问题  
\- 打包  
\- 最后如果是windows，一般是开发机，直接打开build好的apk所在文件夹，方便使用

/// <summary>
    /// </summary>
    [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")]
    static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease()
    {
        EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);
        string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };
        string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();
        if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null)
        {
            Debug.LogError("error scene is null");
            return;
        }
        string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;
        string name = PlayerSettings.productName;
        bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;
        PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
        PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";
        PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;
        PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;
        PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;
        string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);
        UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
        ChangePluginToAlpha();
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);
        string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));
        BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);
        PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;
        PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);
        PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;
        PlayerSettings.productName = name;
        PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
        PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
        string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\');
    #if UNITY_EDITOR_WIN
        System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\"");
    #endif
    }

完整的CloudBuild文件如下：

using UnityEngine;
    using UnityEditor;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System;
    using System.Globalization;
    using UnityEditor.SceneManagement;
    /// <summary>
    /// </summary>
    partial class CloudBuild
    {
        const string PRODUCT_NAME = "狂云歌VR";
        const string DEFINES_ALPHA  = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_ALPHA;";
        const string DEFINES_BETA = "CROSS_PLATFORM_INPUT;MOBILE_INPUT;CLOUD_BETA;";
        const string DEFINES_RELEASE = "CLOUD_RELEASE";
    
        static string[] Plugins_Alpha = new string[] {
            "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/alpha.so",
        };
    
        static string[] Plugins_Beta = new string[] {
            "Assets/Plugins/Android/libs/armeabi-v7a/beta.so",
        };
    
        // Build the Android APK and place into main project folder
        static string GetBuildPathAndroid()
        {
            string dirPath = Application.dataPath + "/../build/android/";
            if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(dirPath))
            {
                System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(dirPath);
            }
            return dirPath;
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// </summary>
        [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/CloudAlpha-Release")]
        static void PerformBuildAndroidCloudAlphaRelease()
        {
            EditorUserBuildSettings.SwitchActiveBuildTarget(BuildTarget.Android);
            string[] scenes = { "Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", "Assets/Scenes/Main.unity" };
            string path = GetBuildPathAndroid();
            if (scenes == null || scenes.Length == 0 || path == null)
            {
                Debug.LogError("error scene is null");
                return;
            }
            string tempid = PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier;
            string name = PlayerSettings.productName;
            bool virtualRealitySupported = PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported;
            PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
            PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = "net.itsong.vralpha";
            PlayerSettings.productName = PRODUCT_NAME;
            PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
            PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
            PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
            PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
            PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;
            PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;
            string defines = PlayerSettings.GetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android);
            UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
            ChangePluginToAlpha();
            PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA + DEFINES_RELEASE);
            string buildpath = path + string.Format("cloudvr_alpha_release_{0}.apk", DateTime.Now.ToString("MMddHHmm", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));
            BuildPipeline.BuildPlayer(scenes, buildpath, BuildTarget.Android, BuildOptions.None);
            PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = virtualRealitySupported;
            PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, defines);
            PlayerSettings.bundleIdentifier = tempid;
            PlayerSettings.productName = name;
            PlayerSettings.Android.keystoreName = "";
            PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasName = "";
            PlayerSettings.Android.keyaliasPass = "";
            PlayerSettings.Android.keystorePass = "";
            string dir = path.Replace('/', '\\');
    #if UNITY_EDITOR_WIN
            System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("explorer.exe", "\"" + dir + "\"");
    #endif
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 切换alpha平台
        /// </summary>
        [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToAlpha", priority = 50)]
        static void SwitchToAlpha()
        {
            PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_ALPHA);
            PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_ALPHA);
            PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
            EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {
                new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),
                new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)
            };//场景
            UseAndroidManifest("Alpha");
            ChangePluginToAlpha();
            EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();
            EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        /// 切换beta平台
        /// </summary>
        [UnityEditor.MenuItem("CloudBuild/SwitchToBeta", priority = 50)]
        static void SwitchToBeta()
        {
            PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.Android, DEFINES_BETA);
            PlayerSettings.SetScriptingDefineSymbolsForGroup(BuildTargetGroup.iOS, DEFINES_BETA);
            PlayerSettings.virtualRealitySupported = true;
            EditorBuildSettings.scenes = new EditorBuildSettingsScene[] {
                new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Init.unity", true),
                new EditorBuildSettingsScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity", true)
            };//场景
            UseAndroidManifest("Beta");
            ChangePluginToBeta();
            EditorSceneManager.SaveCurrentModifiedScenesIfUserWantsTo();
            EditorSceneManager.OpenScene("Assets/Scenes/Main.unity");
        }
    
        /// <summary>
        ///  使用相应的androidmanifest
        /// </summary>
        static void UseAndroidManifest(string filename)
        {
            string src_filename = string.Format("AndroidManifest-{0}.xml", filename);
            string dst_filename = "AndroidManifest.xml";
            string path = Application.dataPath + "/Plugins/Android/";
            File.Copy(path + src_filename, path + dst_filename, true);
    
            PlayerSettings.Android.bundleVersionCode = GlobalConfig.ClientVersionCode;
            PlayerSettings.bundleVersion = GlobalConfig.ClientVersion;
            AssetDatabase.Refresh();
        }
    
        static void ChangePluginToAlpha()
        {
            SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, true);
            SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, false);
        }
    
        static void ChangePluginToBeta()
        {
            SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Alpha, false);
            SetEnablePluginImport(Plugins_Beta, true);
        }
    
        static void SetEnablePluginImport(string[] plugins, bool enable = true)
        {
            foreach(var path in plugins)
            {
                PluginImporter vrlib = AssetImporter.GetAtPath(path) as PluginImporter;
                vrlib.SetCompatibleWithPlatform(BuildTarget.Android, enable);
            }
        }
    }

## 后续 ##

这里没写build ios ipa包的过程，ios的build过程会稍微长一些，要先build好xcode project然后再通过xcode的命令行去打包，所以前半部分与android是可以复用的，只要稍加修改就可以支持ios的build。另外我们现在做vr相关的app，大部分都是android版本，所以apk的管理比较实用。

> VR开发或者unity相关交流可以邮件madcloudsong@qq.com  
> 转载请注明原文链接  
> [http://blog.csdn.net/madcloudsong/article/details/54603548][http_blog.csdn.net_madcloudsong_article_details_54603548]

[unityvr]: /images/20220711/d9799b34cc364ce0b0a819db967510b2.png
[jenkins]: /images/20220711/1bf6b84b2cac44348d2b9eeb2c8e01e2.png
[https_jenkins.io_index.html]: https://jenkins.io/index.html
[unity_unity]: http://blog.csdn.net/madcloudsong/article/details/54408103
[dir]: /images/20220711/0efa1f10ec6e4183a05b2752d5d7932d.png
[menu]: /images/20220711/60198db298204b329a6845c1329d279f.png
[assetsimport]: /images/20220711/93b040b5f751467896b4bdf1e499e8d6.png
[http_blog.csdn.net_madcloudsong_article_details_54603548]: http://blog.csdn.net/madcloudsong/article/details/54603548