akka学习教程(九) STM软件事务内存

ゝ一世哀愁。 2022-07-11 04:25 165阅读 0赞

# akka系列文章目录 #

*  [akka学习教程(十四) akka分布式实战][akka_ akka]
 *  [akka学习教程(十三) akka分布式][akka_ akka 1]
 *  [akka学习教程(十二) Spring与Akka的集成][akka_ Spring_Akka]
 *  [akka学习教程(十一) akka持久化][akka_ akka 2]
 *  [akka学习教程(十) agent][akka_ agent]
 *  [akka学习教程(九) STM软件事务内存][akka_ STM]
 *  [akka学习教程(八) Actor中的Future-询问模式][akka_ Actor_Future-]
 *  [akka学习教程(七) 内置状态转换Procedure][akka_ _Procedure]
 *  [akka学习教程(六) 路由器Router][akka_ _Router]
 *  [akka学习教程(五) inbox消息收件箱][akka_ inbox]
 *  [akka学习教程(四) actor生命周期][akka_ actor]
 *  [akka学习教程(三) 不可变对象][akka_]
 *  [akka学习教程(二)HelloWord][akka_HelloWord]
 *  [akka学习教程(一)简介][akka]

**软件事务内存（STM）**：顾名思义，这是事务。与关系型数据库中的事务类似，具有ACID属性。  
在分布式任务中，有可能会有和事务相关的处理，这里将举例说明AKKA中STM的用法。

假设公司给员工发工资业务，`CompanyActor`是公司actor， `EmployeeActor`是员工actor，公司账户减钱，员工账户加钱，这就要求事务。代码中有重要注释。

package akka.stm;
    
    import akka.actor.ActorRef;
    import akka.actor.ActorSystem;
    import akka.actor.Props;
    import akka.pattern.Patterns;
    import akka.transactor.Coordinated;
    import akka.util.Timeout;
    import com.typesafe.config.ConfigFactory;
    import scala.concurrent.Await;
    
    import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
    
    /** * Created by liubenlong on 2017/1/16. */
    public class STMMain { 
        public static ActorRef companyActor = null;
        public static ActorRef employeeActor = null;
    
    
        public static void main(String [] args) throws Exception {
            ActorSystem system = ActorSystem.create("stm", ConfigFactory.load("akka.conf"));
            companyActor = system.actorOf(Props.create(CompanyActor.class), "CompanyActor");
            employeeActor = system.actorOf(Props.create(EmployeeActor.class), "EmployeeActor");
    
            Timeout timeout = new Timeout(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    
            for(int i = 0 ; i < 23; i ++){
                companyActor.tell(new Coordinated(i, timeout), ActorRef.noSender());
    
                Thread.sleep(200);
    
                int companyCount = (int) Await.result(Patterns.ask(companyActor, "getCount", timeout), timeout.duration());
                int employeeCount = (int) Await.result(Patterns.ask(employeeActor, "getCount", timeout), timeout.duration());
    
                System.out.println("companyCount = " + companyCount + ";employeeCount = " + employeeCount);
                System.out.println("-----------------------");
            }
    
        }
    }

package akka.stm;
    
    import akka.actor.*;
    import akka.event.Logging;
    import akka.event.LoggingAdapter;
    import akka.transactor.Coordinated;
    import scala.concurrent.stm.Ref;
    import scala.concurrent.stm.japi.STM;
    
    /** * Created by liubenlong on 2017/1/12. */
    public class CompanyActor extends UntypedActor { 
    
        private final LoggingAdapter log = Logging.getLogger(getContext().system(), this);
    
        private Ref.View<Integer> count = STM.newRef(100);//定义账户余额
    
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Object o) throws Throwable {
            if(o instanceof Coordinated){
                Coordinated coordinated = (Coordinated) o;
                int downCount = (int) coordinated.getMessage();//传递过来的参数，减多少。
                STMMain.employeeActor.tell(coordinated.coordinate(downCount), getSelf());//通知employeeActor增加费用
    
                try {
       //注意这里异常要及时处理，否则异常会一直扩散，导致回退到系统刚启动时的初始状态！
                    coordinated.atomic(() -> {
                        if(count.get() < downCount) throw new RuntimeException("余额不足！");
                        STM.increment(count, -downCount);//减余额
                    });
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }else if("getCount".equals(o)){
                getSender().tell(count.get(), getSelf());
            }else{
                unhandled(o);
            }
        }
    
    }

package akka.stm;
    
    import akka.actor.UntypedActor;
    import akka.event.Logging;
    import akka.event.LoggingAdapter;
    import akka.transactor.Coordinated;
    import scala.concurrent.stm.Ref;
    import scala.concurrent.stm.japi.STM;
    
    /** * Created by liubenlong on 2017/1/12. */
    public class EmployeeActor extends UntypedActor { 
    
        private final LoggingAdapter log = Logging.getLogger(getContext().system(), this);
    
        private Ref.View<Integer> count = STM.newRef(20);//员工账户
    
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Object o) throws Throwable {
            if(o instanceof Coordinated){
                Coordinated coordinated = (Coordinated) o;
                int downCount = (int) coordinated.getMessage();//员工增加的工资
    
                try {
       //注意这里异常要及时处理，否则异常会一直扩散，导致回退到系统刚启动时的初始状态！
                    coordinated.atomic(() -> STM.increment(count, downCount));//Employee增加工资
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
    
            }else if("getCount".equals(o)){
                getSender().tell(count.get(), getSelf());
            }else{
                unhandled(o);
            }
        }
    
    }

运行结果：

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kka-remote_2.11\2.4.16\akka-remote_2.11-2.4.16.jar;D:\LocalRepository\com\typesafe\akka\akka-stream_2.11\2.4.16\akka-stream_2.11-2.4.16.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\reactivestreams\reactive-streams\1.0.0\reactive-streams-1.0.0.jar;D:\LocalRepository\com\typesafe\ssl-config-core_2.11\0.2.1\ssl-config-core_2.11-0.2.1.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\scala-lang\modules\scala-parser-combinators_2.11\1.0.4\scala-parser-combinators_2.11-1.0.4.jar;D:\LocalRepository\com\typesafe\akka\akka-protobuf_2.11\2.4.16\akka-protobuf_2.11-2.4.16.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\uncommons\maths\uncommons-maths\1.2.2a\uncommons-maths-1.2.2a.jar;D:\LocalRepository\io\aeron\aeron-driver\1.0.4\aeron-driver-1.0.4.jar;D:\LocalRepository\io\aeron\aeron-client\1.0.4\aeron-client-1.0.4.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\agrona\Agrona\0.9.0\Agrona-0.9.0.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\projectlombok\lombok-maven-plugin\1.12.2.0\lombok-maven-plugin-1.12.2.0.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\apache\maven\maven-plugin-api\3.0.4\maven-plugin-api-3.0.4.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\apache\maven\maven-model\3.0.4\maven-model-3.0.4.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\codehaus\plexus\plexus-utils\2.0.6\plexus-utils-2.0.6.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\apache\maven\maven-artifact\3.0.4\maven-artifact-3.0.4.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\sonatype\sisu\sisu-inject-plexus\2.3.0\sisu-inject-plexus-2.3.0.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\codehaus\plexus\plexus-component-annotations\1.5.5\plexus-component-annotations-1.5.5.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\codehaus\plexus\plexus-classworlds\2.4\plexus-classworlds-2.4.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\sonatype\sisu\sisu-inject-bean\2.3.0\sisu-inject-bean-2.3.0.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\sonatype\sisu\sisu-guice\3.1.0\sisu-guice-3.1.0-no_aop.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\sonatype\sisu\sisu-guava\0.9.9\sisu-guava-0.9.9.jar;D:\LocalRepository\org\projectlombok\lombok\1.12.2\lombok-1.12.2.jar;D:\Program Files (x86)\ideaIU-2016.2.5\lib\idea_rt.jar" com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain akka.stm.STMMain
    companyCount = 100;employeeCount = 20
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 99;employeeCount = 21
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 97;employeeCount = 23
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 94;employeeCount = 26
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 90;employeeCount = 30
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 85;employeeCount = 35
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 79;employeeCount = 41
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 72;employeeCount = 48
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 64;employeeCount = 56
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 55;employeeCount = 65
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 45;employeeCount = 75
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 34;employeeCount = 86
    -----------------------
    companyCount = 22;employeeCount = 98
    -----------------------
    java.lang.RuntimeException: 余额不足！
        at akka.stm.CompanyActor.lambda$onReceive$0(CompanyActor.java:34)
        at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157) at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
        at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl.atomic(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:141) at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157) at akka.stm.CompanyActor.onReceive(CompanyActor.java:33) at akka.actor.UntypedActor$$anonfun$receive$1.applyOrElse(UntypedActor.scala:165)
    	at akka.actor.Actor$class.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:496) at akka.actor.UntypedActor.aroundReceive(UntypedActor.scala:95) at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala:526) at akka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:495) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:257) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:224) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.exec(Mailbox.scala:234) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:260) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1339)
    	at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1979)
    	at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:107)
    akka.transactor.CoordinatedTransactionException: Exception in coordinated atomic
    	at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:144)
    	at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
    	at akka.stm.EmployeeActor.onReceive(EmployeeActor.java:25)
    	at akka.actor.UntypedActor$$anonfun$receive$1.applyOrElse(UntypedActor.scala:165) at akka.actor.Actor$class.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:496) at akka.actor.UntypedActor.aroundReceive(UntypedActor.scala:95) at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala:526) at akka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:495) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:257) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:224) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.exec(Mailbox.scala:234) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:260) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1339) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1979) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:107) Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: 余额不足！ at akka.stm.CompanyActor.lambda$onReceive$0(CompanyActor.java:34) at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
    	at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50)
        at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl.atomic(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)
        at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:141)
        at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
        at akka.stm.CompanyActor.onReceive(CompanyActor.java:33)
        ... 12 more
    companyCount = 9;employeeCount = 111
    -----------------------
    java.lang.RuntimeException: 余额不足！
    companyCount = 9;employeeCount = 111
        at akka.stm.CompanyActor.lambda$onReceive$0(CompanyActor.java:34)
    -----------------------
        at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157) at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
        at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl.atomic(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:141) at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157) at akka.stm.CompanyActor.onReceive(CompanyActor.java:33) at akka.actor.UntypedActor$$anonfun$receive$1.applyOrElse(UntypedActor.scala:165)
    	at akka.actor.Actor$class.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:496) at akka.actor.UntypedActor.aroundReceive(UntypedActor.scala:95) at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala:526) at akka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:495) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:257) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:224) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.exec(Mailbox.scala:234) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:260) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1339)
    	at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1979)
    	at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:107)
    akka.transactor.CoordinatedTransactionException: Exception in coordinated atomic
    	at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:144)
    	at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
    	at akka.stm.EmployeeActor.onReceive(EmployeeActor.java:25)
    	at akka.actor.UntypedActor$$anonfun$receive$1.applyOrElse(UntypedActor.scala:165) at akka.actor.Actor$class.aroundReceive(Actor.scala:496) at akka.actor.UntypedActor.aroundReceive(UntypedActor.scala:95) at akka.actor.ActorCell.receiveMessage(ActorCell.scala:526) at akka.actor.ActorCell.invoke(ActorCell.scala:495) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.processMailbox(Mailbox.scala:257) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.run(Mailbox.scala:224) at akka.dispatch.Mailbox.exec(Mailbox.scala:234) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:260) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1339) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1979) at scala.concurrent.forkjoin.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:107) Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: 余额不足！ at akka.stm.CompanyActor.lambda$onReceive$0(CompanyActor.java:34) at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
    	at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50)
        at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAtomicImpl(InTxnImpl.scala:387) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.atomic(InTxnImpl.scala:248) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CCSTMExecutor.apply(CCSTMExecutor.scala:24) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl.atomic(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43)
        at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:141)
        at akka.transactor.Coordinated.atomic(Coordinated.scala:157)
        at akka.stm.CompanyActor.onReceive(CompanyActor.java:33)
        ... 12 more
    companyCount = 9;employeeCount = 111
    -----------------------
    java.lang.RuntimeException: 余额不足！
        at akka.stm.CompanyActor.lambda$onReceive$0(CompanyActor.java:34)
        at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157) at akka.transactor.Coordinated$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(Coordinated.scala:157)
        at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:50) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.CommitBarrierImpl$MemberImpl$$anonfun$atomic$1.apply(CommitBarrierImpl.scala:43) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.runBlock(InTxnImpl.scala:560) at scala.concurrent.stm.ccstm.InTxnImpl.topLevelAttempt(InTxnImpl.scala:516)

注意：需要引入`transactor`的maven配置：

<dependency>
        <groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId>
        <artifactId>akka-actor_2.11</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.16</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId>
        <artifactId>akka-agent_2.11</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.16</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.typesafe.akka</groupId>
        <artifactId>akka-transactor_2.10</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.16</version>
    </dependency>

# 参考资料 #

*  书籍《java高并发程序设计》
 *  [AKKA官方文档][AKKA]

[akka_ akka]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54603296
[akka_ akka 1]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54601998
[akka_ Spring_Akka]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54601448
[akka_ akka 2]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54584303
[akka_ agent]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54576611
[akka_ STM]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54576412
[akka_ Actor_Future-]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54575312
[akka_ _Procedure]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54574878
[akka_ _Router]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54574064
[akka_ inbox]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54377820
[akka_ actor]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54093889
[akka_]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/54093794
[akka_HelloWord]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53782971
[akka]: http://blog.csdn.net/liubenlong007/article/details/53782966
[AKKA]: http://akka.io/docs/