Android:自定义dialog

水深无声 2022-06-18 05:59 250阅读 0赞

原文地址:[http://www.open-china.net/blog/42853.html][http_www.open-china.net_blog_42853.html]

Android给我们提供了 AlertDialog类，使我们可以很容易地通过它的内部类Builder构建弹出式对话框。但是有时候为了给用户更好的体验，可能需要更改Dialog的外观和结构。解决的办法是自定义AlertDialog和AlertDialog.Builder类。   
Android提供的默认Dialog如下图所示：   
 ![0_1318213478cFXF.gif][]  
  
**1、定义对话框的外观**   
  
我们想实现的自定义对话框如下图所示：   
 ![0_1318213511UE33.gif][]

我们要实现的Dialog支持：

*  通过外部String或Resource命名Title
 *  通过外部String、layout、Resource定义对话框内容
 *  设置了positive和negative按钮及监听器

**2、定义Layout、Theme和Style**   
  
对话框通过自定义布局（layout）渲染其内容，布局文件中定义了用于显示标题的TextView、显示内容的TextView，以及两个按钮。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:orientation="vertical"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:minWidth="280dip"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
     
        <LinearLayout 
            android:orientation="vertical"
            android:background="@drawable/header"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
     
            <TextView
                style="@style/DialogText.Title"
                android:id="@+id/title"
                android:paddingRight="8dip"
                android:paddingLeft="8dip"
                android:background="@drawable/title"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
     
        </LinearLayout>
     
        <LinearLayout 
            android:id="@+id/content"
            android:orientation="vertical"
            android:background="@drawable/center"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
     
            <TextView
                style="@style/DialogText"
                android:id="@+id/message"
                android:padding="5dip"
                android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
     
        </LinearLayout>
     
        <LinearLayout 
            android:orientation="horizontal"
            android:background="@drawable/footer"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
     
            <Button 
                android:id="@+id/positiveButton"
                android:layout_marginTop="3dip"
                android:layout_width="0dip"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:singleLine="true"/>
     
            <Button 
                android:id="@+idegativeButton"
                android:layout_marginTop="3dip"
                android:layout_width="0dip"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:singleLine="true"/>
     
        </LinearLayout>
     
    </LinearLayout>

根部的LinearLayou宽度被设置为fill\_parent，并且最小宽度为280dp，从而使对话框的宽度始终是设备屏幕宽度的87.5%。   
  
自定义主题应该声明对话框为floating ，并且使用了自定义背景和自定义标题视图。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <resources>
     
        <style name="Dialog" parent="android:style/Theme.Dialog">
            <item name="android:windowBackground">@null</item>
            <item name="android:windowNoTitle">true</item>
            <item name="android:windowIsFloating">true</item>
        </style>
     
    </resources>

然后我们需要定义标题和内容的外观

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <resources>
     
        <style name="DialogText">
            <item name="android:textColor">#FF000000</item>
            <item name="android:textSize">12sp</item>
        </style>
     
        <style name="DialogText.Title">
            <item name="android:textSize">16sp</item>
            <item name="android:textStyle">bold</item>
        </style>
     
    </resources>

**3、定义Dialog和Builder类**   
我们自定义的Builder类最好和AlterDialog.Bulider类有相同的方法，以便使用方便。

package net.androgames.blog.sample.customdialog.dialog;
     
    import net.androgames.blog.sample.customdialog.R;
    import android.app.Dialog;
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.content.DialogInterface;
    import android.view.LayoutInflater;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
    import android.widget.Button;
    import android.widget.LinearLayout;
    import android.widget.TextView;
     
    /**
     * 
     * Create custom Dialog windows for your application
     * Custom dialogs rely on custom layouts wich allow you to 
     * create and use your own look & feel.
     * 
     * Under GPL v3 : http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html
     * 
     * @author antoine vianey
     *
     */
    public class CustomDialog extends Dialog {
     
        public CustomDialog(Context context, int theme) {
            super(context, theme);
        }
     
        public CustomDialog(Context context) {
            super(context);
        }
     
        /**
         * Helper class for creating a custom dialog
         */
        public static class Builder {
     
            private Context context;
            private String title;
            private String message;
            private String positiveButtonText;
            private String negativeButtonText;
            private View contentView;
     
            private DialogInterface.OnClickListener 
                            positiveButtonClickListener,
                            negativeButtonClickListener;
     
            public Builder(Context context) {
                this.context = context;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set the Dialog message from String
             * @param title
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setMessage(String message) {
                this.message = message;
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set the Dialog message from resource
             * @param title
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setMessage(int message) {
                this.message = (String) context.getText(message);
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set the Dialog title from resource
             * @param title
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setTitle(int title) {
                this.title = (String) context.getText(title);
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set the Dialog title from String
             * @param title
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setTitle(String title) {
                this.title = title;
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set a custom content view for the Dialog.
             * If a message is set, the contentView is not
             * added to the Dialog...
             * @param v
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setContentView(View v) {
                this.contentView = v;
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set the positive button resource and it"s listener
             * @param positiveButtonText
             * @param listener
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setPositiveButton(int positiveButtonText,
                    DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener) {
                this.positiveButtonText = (String) context
                        .getText(positiveButtonText);
                this.positiveButtonClickListener = listener;
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set the positive button text and it"s listener
             * @param positiveButtonText
             * @param listener
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setPositiveButton(String positiveButtonText,
                    DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener) {
                this.positiveButtonText = positiveButtonText;
                this.positiveButtonClickListener = listener;
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set the negative button resource and it"s listener
             * @param negativeButtonText
             * @param listener
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setNegativeButton(int negativeButtonText,
                    DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener) {
                this.negativeButtonText = (String) context
                        .getText(negativeButtonText);
                this.negativeButtonClickListener = listener;
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Set the negative button text and it"s listener
             * @param negativeButtonText
             * @param listener
             * @return
             */
            public Builder setNegativeButton(String negativeButtonText,
                    DialogInterface.OnClickListener listener) {
                this.negativeButtonText = negativeButtonText;
                this.negativeButtonClickListener = listener;
                return this;
            }
     
            /**
             * Create the custom dialog
             */
            public CustomDialog create() {
                LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context
                        .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
                // instantiate the dialog with the custom Theme
                final CustomDialog dialog = new CustomDialog(context, 
                		R.style.Dialog);
                View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialog, null);
                dialog.addContentView(layout, new LayoutParams(
                        LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
                // set the dialog title
                ((TextView) layout.findViewById(R.id.title)).setText(title);
                // set the confirm button
                if (positiveButtonText != null) {
                    ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton))
                            .setText(positiveButtonText);
                    if (positiveButtonClickListener != null) {
                        ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton))
                                .setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                                    public void onClick(View v) {
                                        positiveButtonClickListener.onClick(
                                        		dialog, 
                                                DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE);
                                    }
                                });
                    }
                } else {
                    // if no confirm button just set the visibility to GONE
                    layout.findViewById(R.id.positiveButton).setVisibility(
                            View.GONE);
                }
                // set the cancel button
                if (negativeButtonText != null) {
                    ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton))
                            .setText(negativeButtonText);
                    if (negativeButtonClickListener != null) {
                        ((Button) layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton))
                                .setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                                    public void onClick(View v) {
                                        positiveButtonClickListener.onClick(
                                        		dialog, 
                                                DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE);
                                    }
                                });
                    }
                } else {
                    // if no confirm button just set the visibility to GONE
                    layout.findViewById(R.id.negativeButton).setVisibility(
                            View.GONE);
                }
                // set the content message
                if (message != null) {
                    ((TextView) layout.findViewById(
                    		R.id.message)).setText(message);
                } else if (contentView != null) {
                    // if no message set
                    // add the contentView to the dialog body
                    ((LinearLayout) layout.findViewById(R.id.content))
                            .removeAllViews();
                    ((LinearLayout) layout.findViewById(R.id.content))
                            .addView(contentView, 
                                    new LayoutParams(
                                            LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 
                                            LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
                }
                dialog.setContentView(layout);
                return dialog;
            }
     
        }
     
    }

**4、使用自定义的Bulider类**

/**
     * Build the desired Dialog
     * CUSTOM or DEFAULT
     */
    @Override
    public Dialog onCreateDialog(int dialogId) {
        Dialog dialog = null;
        switch (dialogId) {
            case CUSTOM_DIALOG :
                CustomDialog.Builder customBuilder = new
                    CustomDialog.Builder(CustomDialogActivity.this);
                customBuilder.setTitle("Custom title")
                    .setMessage("Custom body")
                    .setNegativeButton("Cancel", 
                            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            CustomDialogActivity.this
                            .dismissDialog(CUSTOM_DIALOG);
                        }
                    })
                    .setPositiveButton("Confirm", 
                            new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            dialog.dismiss();
                        }
                    });
                dialog = customBuilder.create();
                break;
            case DEFAULT_DIALOG :
                AlertDialog.Builder alertBuilder = new
                    AlertDialog.Builder(CustomDialogActivity.this);
                alertBuilder.setTitle("Default title")
                    .setMessage("Default body")
                    .setNegativeButton("Cancel", 
                    		new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            dialog.dismiss();
                        }
                    })
                    .setPositiveButton("Confirm", 
                    		new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            CustomDialogActivity.this
                            .dismissDialog(DEFAULT_DIALOG);
                        }
                    });
                dialog = alertBuilder.create();
                break;
        }
        return dialog;
    }

[http_www.open-china.net_blog_42853.html]: http://www.open-china.net/blog/42853.html
[0_1318213478cFXF.gif]: /images/20220618/0f531a0b38e44c4fb0eabebc3638ccfa.png
[0_1318213511UE33.gif]: /images/20220618/e3d697a2b03b4801b5374cb6fd05096d.png