Docker学习（11）------Docker 容器别名使用

分手后的思念是犯贱 2022-06-17 07:17 719阅读 0赞

# 操作环境 #

Centos 7

Docker version 17.04.0-ce, build 4845c56

# 操作步骤 #

我们发现在docker 宿主机重启后或者docker 服务重启后，docker container的ip会发生改变，所以在docker 内部通过ip从一个container来连接另一台container就不适用了，

这里我们使用--link参数，通过别名的方式来标识一台container。

1.创建两台container，我们等下再重启docker服务后，观察这两台container ip的改变

[root@docker-1 ~]# docker run -dti --name centos6-1 ae5cb7280ec3  
    1838d9e0ad114d457bfdf87f5a0f69690515b0397c852778d485a9a7c040b823
    [root@docker-1 ~]# docker run -dti --name centos6-2 ae5cb7280ec3  
    2b9cee066baf1e3da551df60f26c6817c958ce9a34a6095724f040c8712deb25

2.创建一台container，通过link参数来设置centos6-1 centos6-2两台container的别名，在docker服务重启后，通过别名的方式可以ping通这两台container，分别设置centos6-1，centos6-2对应的别名为webserver-1，webserver-2

[root@docker-1 ~]# docker run -ti --name centos6-3 --link=centos6-1:webserver-1 --link=centos6-2:webserver-2  ae5cb7280ec3  
    [root@88ee1d89cd2d /]#

查看/etc/hosts文件

[root@88ee1d89cd2d /]# cat /etc/hosts
    127.0.0.1       localhost
    ::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
    fe00::0 ip6-localnet
    ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
    ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
    ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
    172.17.0.3      webserver-1 1838d9e0ad11 centos6-1
    172.17.0.4      webserver-2 2b9cee066baf centos6-2
    172.17.0.5      88ee1d89cd2d

我们看到webserver-1，webserver-2对应的ip为172.17.0.3,172.17.0.4

4.重启docker服务，再来查看两台container对应的ip

[root@docker-1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload 
    [root@docker-1 ~]# systemctl restart docker
    [root@docker-1 ~]# docker ps
    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
    a4c364c53f9b        registry            "/entrypoint.sh /e..."   6 days ago          Up 28 seconds       0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp   quizzical_bell
    [root@docker-1 ~]# docker start centos6-2 centos6-1 centos6-3
    centos6-2
    centos6-1
    centos6-3

查看centos6-3中的/etc/hosts文件

[root@docker-1 ~]# docker attach centos6-3
    [root@88ee1d89cd2d /]# cat /etc/hosts
    127.0.0.1       localhost
    ::1     localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
    fe00::0 ip6-localnet
    ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
    ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
    ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
    172.17.0.4      webserver-1 1838d9e0ad11 centos6-1
    172.17.0.3      webserver-2 2b9cee066baf centos6-2
    172.17.0.5      88ee1d89cd2d

这里我们发现webserver-1，webserver-2对应的ip已经发生改变，下面通过ping，检查这两台container是否ping得通

[root@88ee1d89cd2d /]# ping webserver-1      
    PING webserver-1 (172.17.0.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from webserver-1 (172.17.0.4): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.156 ms
    64 bytes from webserver-1 (172.17.0.4): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms
    64 bytes from webserver-1 (172.17.0.4): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms
    64 bytes from webserver-1 (172.17.0.4): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.060 ms
    ^C
    --- webserver-1 ping statistics ---
    4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3701ms
    rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.059/0.083/0.156/0.042 ms
    [root@88ee1d89cd2d /]# ping webserver-2
    PING webserver-2 (172.17.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
    64 bytes from webserver-2 (172.17.0.3): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.126 ms
    64 bytes from webserver-2 (172.17.0.3): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.060 ms
    64 bytes from webserver-2 (172.17.0.3): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms
    64 bytes from webserver-2 (172.17.0.3): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.059 ms
    64 bytes from webserver-2 (172.17.0.3): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms
    ^C
    --- webserver-2 ping statistics ---
    5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet loss, time 4903ms
    rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.059/0.074/0.126/0.026 ms

通过ping检查两台container的别名，都可以ping通。