Spring对Controller、Service、Dao进行Junit单元测试总结

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-06-16 06:49 256阅读 0赞

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### Spring对Controller、Service、Dao进行Junit单元测试总结 ###

所有用Junit进行单元测试，都需要下面的配置

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = {
       "classpath:applicationContext.xml"})

applicationContext.xml 是整个项目的Spring的配置文件。包括数据源配置、MVC配置和各种Bean的注册扫描。如果你是多个文件，就用都好隔开写多个，像这样

{ "classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:servlet-context.xml"}

### 1.Dao层的单元测试。 ###

将\*Mapper接口注入进来，直接调用即可。加上@Transactional 事物管理注解以后，单元测试执行完后会撤销对数据库的修改。想看增删改的结果的话，可以把这个注解先注释。

~~~java  
package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.dao.UserMapper;  
import com.susq.mbts.domain.User;  
import org.junit.Test;  
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;  
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;  
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.Date;

/\*\*  
\* Created by susq on 2017-5-3.  
\*/  
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  
@ContextConfiguration(locations = \{“classpath:applicationContext.xml”\})  
@Transactional  
public class DaoTests \{  
@Autowired  
private UserMapper userMapper;

@Test
    public void testSelect() {
        User userInfo = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1L);
        System.out.println(userInfo);
    }
    
    
    @Test
    public void insert(){
        User user = new User();

// user.setId(5L);  
user.setAge(“9”);  
user.setName(“王五”);  
user.setSex(“M”);  
user.setCreateTime(new Date());  
userMapper.insert(user);  
\}

@Test
    public void testUpdate() {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(5L);
        user.setAge("999");
        user.setName("王五");
        user.setSex("M");
        user.setCreateTime(new Date());
    
        userMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(user);
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        userMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(7L);
    }

~~~

### 2. Service层的单元测试与Dao层基本一致，把Service注入进来调用就行。 ###

~~~java  
package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.domain.User;  
import com.susq.mbts.service.UserService;  
import org.junit.Test;  
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;  
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;  
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/\*\*  
\* Created by susq on 2017-5-8.  
\*/  
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)  
@ContextConfiguration(locations = \{“classpath:applicationContext.xml”\})  
public class Sertest \{  
@Autowired  
private UserService userService;

@Test
    public void selectUserTest() {
        User u = userService.selectUser(1);
        System.out.println(u);
    }

\}  
~~~

### 3. Controller层的单元测试 ###

一种是把Controller的Bean注入进来，调里面的方法，这很显然比较扯淡，连Url都没经过，只测了方法。另一种是使用MockMvc模拟通过url的接口调用。MockMvc是SpringMVC提供的Controller测试类，每次进行单元测试时，都是预先执行@Before中的setup方法，初始healthArticleController单元测试环境。  
 注意：一定要把待测试的Controller实例进行MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(xxxxController).build(); 否则会抛出无法找到@RequestMapping路径的异常：No mapping found for HTTP request with URI \[/cms/app/getArticleList\] in DispatcherServlet

package testDao;
    
    import com.susq.mbts.controller.UserController;
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
    import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
    
    
    /** * Created by susq on 2017-5-8. */
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations = {
       "classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
    public class ConTest { 
        @Autowired
        private UserController userController;
    
        private MockMvc mockMvc;
    
        @Before
        public void setup(){
            mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(userController).build();
        }
    
        @Test
        public void Ctest() throws Exception {
            ResultActions resultActions = this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/show_user3").param("id", "1"));
            MvcResult mvcResult = resultActions.andReturn();
            String result = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
            System.out.println("=====客户端获得反馈数据:" + result);
            // 也可以从response里面取状态码，header,cookies...
    // System.out.println(mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus());
        }
    }

源码链接：[http://download.csdn.net/detail/u013041642/9836760][http_download.csdn.net_detail_u013041642_9836760]

[http_download.csdn.net_detail_u013041642_9836760]: http://download.csdn.net/detail/u013041642/9836760