JavaWeb开发之SSH框架整合——Struts2+Spring3+Hibernate3三大框架的整合

心已赠人 2022-06-16 01:09 273阅读 0赞

## Struts2+Spring3+Hibernate3导包 ##

### Struts2导包与配置 ###

Struts2/apps/struts2-blank.war/WEB-INF/lib/\*.jar

如下图所示：

![Center][]

导入与Spring整合的jar包

*  struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.15.1.jar  用于Struts2整合Spring
 *  struts2-json-plugin-2.3.15.1.jar    用于Struts2整合AJAX
 *  struts2-convention-plugin-2.3.15.1.jar  用于Struts使用注解

配置web.xml

<filter>
      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> 
      <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> 
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> 
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
    </filter-mapping>

在src下新建struts.xml(也可以从 Struts2/apps/struts2-blank.war/WEB-INF/classes下拷贝)

### Spring导包与配置 ###

Spring3.2开发最基本的jar包

*  spring-beans-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
 *  spring-context-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
 *  spring-core-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
 *  spring-expression-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
 *  com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar
 *  com.springsource.org.apache.log4j-1.2.15.jar

AOP开发

*  spring-aop-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
 *  spring-aspects-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
 *  com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
 *  com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar

Spring JDBC开发

*  spring-jdbc-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar
 *  spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

Spring事务管理

*  spring-tx-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

Spring整合其他ORM框架

*  spring-orm-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

Spring在web中使用

*  spring-web-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

Spring整合Junit测试

*  spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

(注意：Spring中没有引入c3p0和数据库驱动)

配置：

在src或者WEB-INF下新建applicationContext.xml、在src下新建并配置log4j.properties

在web.xml中配置监听器

<listener>
    	
    	<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    
    
    <context-param>
    	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    	<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

在applicationContext.xml中引入aop、tx、context约束(具体可以从dist包中的xsd-config.html中进行拷贝)

log4j.properties

### direct log messages to stdout ###
    log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
    log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
    
    ### direct messages to file mylog.log ###
    log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
    log4j.appender.file.File=c:/mylog.log
    log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
    log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
    
    ### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###
    
    log4j.rootLogger=off, stdout

在Servlet/Filter中获得Spring上下文对象

WebApplicationContext  context=WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);

### Hibernate的导包与配置 ###

需要导入的jar包如下

解压根目录/hibernate3.jar

解压根目录/lib/required/\*.jar 如下图所示

![Center 1][]

解压根目录/lib/jpa/hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar

数据库连接池c3p0—解压根目录/lib/optional/c3p0/c3p0-0.9.1.jar

整合log4j: slf4j-log4j12-1.7.2.jar(需单独下载) 、log4j-1.2.16.jar(在Spring导包时已经导入)

使用二级缓存Ehcache(需单独下载,解压后):

*  commons-logging.jar(在Spring导包时已导入)
 *  backport-util-concurrent.jar
 *  ehcache-1.5.0.jar

数据库驱动:

*  mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar

进行配置:

在src下创建hibernate.cfg.xml

在PO所在包下创建  类名.hbm.xml

在hibernate.cfg.xml中通过<mapping>完成持久化类映射

Configurationconfiguration = new Configuration().configure();
    SessionFactorysessionFactory= configuration.buildSessionFactory();
    Sessionsession = sessionFactory.openSession()/ getCurrentSession();
    Transactiontransaction = session.beginTransaction();
    数据库操作
    transaction.commit();

hibernate.cfg.xml的约束可以在 hibernate3.jar/org.hibernate/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd中找到复制拷贝即可

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

至于持久类映射文件的约束可以在  hibernate3.jar/org.hibernate/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd中找到复制到 \*.hbm.xml中即可。

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">

创建包结构

*  ssh1.test.action
 *  ssh1.test.dao
 *  ssh1.test.service
 *  ssh1.test.vo

创建实体类Book

新建一个JSP页面addBook.jsp

<s:form action="book_add" namespace="/" method="post" theme="simple">
    	图书名称:<s:textfield name="name"/><br/>
    	图书价格:<s:textfield name="price"/><br/>
    	<s:submit value="添加图书"/>
    </s:form>

创建BookService、BookDao、BookAction

配置struts.xml

# Struts2和Spring整合的两种方式 #

## 方式一: 由Struts2自己管理Action ##

导入struts2-spring-plugin-x.x.x.jar

Action对象的创建由Struts2自己管理

在struts.xml中配置Action

这种方式在Action中获取Service时只需要在Action中声明一Service变量 然后再提供一个Setter方法 并在applicationContext.xml中注册一下Service即可。然后由Struts2自己创建Action后就会自动按照名称为Action注入Service 如下所示在applicationContext.xml中需如下进行配置：

之所以Struts2会自动按照名称为Action注入名称对应的Service 是因为在struts2-spring-plugin-x.x.x.jar下有一配置文件: struts-plugin.xml 在此文件中开启了如下常量

引发了另一个常量的执行:(Spring的工厂类按照名称自动注入)

struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name

## 方式二: Action的创建交由Spring进行管理 ##

也需要导入struts2-spring-plugin-x.x.x.jar

可以在struts.xml中的对应的<action>标签上通过一个伪类名方式进行配置

在applicationContext.xml中配置和伪类名相同的Bean

<bean id="bookAction" class="ssh1.test.action.BookAction" scope="prototype">
    		<property name="bookService" ref="bookService" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="bookService" class="ssh1.test.service.BookService">
    		<property name="bookDao" ref="bookDao" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="bookDao" class="ssh1.test.dao.BookDao" />

推荐使用第二种方式，在Spring中管理的类，可以对其进行AOP开发，统一的管理

注意：由Sping统一管理创建Action时 一定要声明为scope="prototype" 否则会有线程安全问题

# Spring整合Hibernate #

## 整合方式一:零障碍整合(含有hibernate.cfg.xml) ##

具体源代码可以上我的GitHub上下载 [https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh1][https_github.com_LX1993728_ssh1]

可以在Spring中引入Hibernate的配置文件

1. 通过LocalSessionFactoryBean在spring中直接引用Hibernate的配置文件

<bean id="sessionFactory"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
    	</bean>

2. Spring提供了Hibernate的模板，只需要将HibernateTemplate模板注入给DAO(前提是DAO继承自HibernateDaoSupport)，注意：注入sessionFactory便可自动设置Hibernate模板

<bean id="bookDao" class="ssh1.test.dao.BookDao">
    		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    	</bean>

改写DAO，继承自HibernateDaoSupport

public class BookDao extends HibernateDaoSupport {
    	public void save(Book book) {
    		System.out.println("DAO层保存图书");
    		this.getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
    	}
    }

3.创建一个持久化类的映射文件(Book.hbm.xml)

<hibernate-mapping>
    	<class name="ssh1.test.vo.Book" table="book">
    		<id name="id" column="id">
    			<generator class="native" />
    		</id>
    		<property name="name" />
    		<property name="price" />
    	</class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

4.使用HibernateTransactionManager管理Spring事务

<bean id="transactionManager"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    	</bean>

5.使用<tx:annotation-driven>开启注解事务

<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

项目名myspring\_ssh1 具体代码如下：

![Center 2][]  
代码如下：

Book

package ssh1.test.vo;
    
    public class Book {
    	private Integer id;
    	private String name;
    	private Double price;
    	public Integer getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    	public void setId(Integer id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    	public Double getPrice() {
    		return price;
    	}
    	public void setPrice(Double price) {
    		this.price = price;
    	}
    	
    }

Book.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-mapping>
    	<class name="ssh1.test.vo.Book" table="book">
    		<id name="id" column="id">
    			<generator class="native" />
    		</id>
    		<property name="name" />
    		<property name="price" />
    	</class>
    </hibernate-mapping>

BookDao

package ssh1.test.dao;
    
    import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
    
    import ssh1.test.vo.Book;
    
    public class BookDao extends HibernateDaoSupport {
    	public void save(Book book) {
    		System.out.println("DAO层保存图书");
    		this.getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
    	}
    }

BookService

package ssh1.test.service;
    
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    import ssh1.test.dao.BookDao;
    import ssh1.test.vo.Book;
    
    @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = false)
    public class BookService {
    	private BookDao bookDao;
    
    	public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
    		this.bookDao = bookDao;
    	}
    
    	public void add(Book book) {
    		System.out.println("Service层保存图书......");
    		bookDao.save(book);
    	}
    }

BookAction

package ssh1.test.action;
    
    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
    
    import ssh1.test.service.BookService;
    import ssh1.test.vo.Book;
    
    public class BookAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Book> {
    	private BookService bookService;
    
    	public void setBookService(BookService bookService) {
    		this.bookService = bookService;
    	}
    
    	// 模型驱动类
    	private Book book=new Book();
    
    	public Book getModel() {
    		return book;
    	}
    
    	// 请求处理的方法
    	public String add() {
    		System.out.println("web层的方法添加执行了......");
    		bookService.add(book);
    		return NONE;
    	}
    
    }

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
    
    <struts>
    
    	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
    	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    	<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
    		<action name="book_*" class="bookAction" method="{1}"></action>
    	</package>
    
    </struts>

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
    	"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
    	
    	
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
    		com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    	</property>
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.url">
    		jdbc:mysql:///ssh1
    	</property>
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.password">root</property>
    	
    	
    	<property name="hibernate.dialect">
    		org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
    	</property>
    
    	
    	
    	<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
    	
    	<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
    
    	<property name="hibernate.connection.autocommit">false</property>
    	
    	<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
    
    	
    	
    	<property name="connection.provider_class">
    		org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider
    	</property>
    
    	
    	<property name="c3p0.min_size">5</property>
    	
    	<property name="c3p0.max_size">20</property>
    	
    	<property name="c3p0.timeout">120</property>
    	
    	<property name="c3p0.idle_test_period">3000</property>
    
    	
    	<mapping resource="ssh1/test/vo/Book.hbm.xml" />
    
    </session-factory>
    </hibernate-configuration>

applicationContext.xml

log4j.properties

addBook.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    	pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>添加图书</h1>
    <s:form action="book_add" namespace="/" method="post" theme="simple" >
    图书名称:<s:textfield name="name" /><br>
    图书价格:<s:textfield name="price"/>
    <s:submit value="添加图书"/>
    </s:form>
    </body>
    </html>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    
    	
    	<listener>
    		
    		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    	</listener>
    
    	
    	<context-param>
    		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    	</context-param>
    
    	
    	<filter>
    		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    	</filter>
    	<filter-mapping>
    		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    	</filter-mapping>
    
    	<welcome-file-list>
    		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    	</welcome-file-list>
    
    </web-app>

运行结果如下

![Center 3][]![Center 4][]  
![Center 5][]

## 方式二: 没有Hibernate配置文件的形式 ##

不再需要Hibernate配置文件的形式，将Hibernate配置文件的信息直接配置到Spring中。

Hibernate配置文件的信息包括: 连接数据库基本参数、Hibernate常用属性、连接池和映射

将Hibernate配置文件相关的信息整合到Spring中

1.连接池

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
    	
    	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" />
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    	</bean>

2.配置Hibernate常用属性以及持久化类映射文件

<bean id="sessionFactory"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    		
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    		
    		<property name="hibernateProperties">
    			<props>
    				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.autocommit">false</prop>
    				<prop key="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</prop>
    			</props>
    		</property>
    
    		
    		<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
    			<list>
    				<value>classpath:ssh2/test/vo</value>
    			</list>
    		</property>
    	</bean>

HibernateTemplate的API

*  Serializable save(Object entity):保存数据
 *   void update(Object entity) :修改数据
 *   void delete(Object entity) :删除数据
 *   <T> T get(Class<T> entityClass, Serializable id):根据ID进行检索.立即检索
 *   <T> T load(Class<T> entityClass, Serializable id) :根据ID进行检索.延迟检索.
 *   List find(String queryString, Object... values) :支持HQL查询.直接返回List集合.
 *   List findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria)  :离线条件查询.
 *   List findByNamedQuery(String queryName, Object... values):命名查询的方式.

OpenSessionInView解决延迟加载问题

load延迟加载 一旦session关闭后就会在使用数据时出现异常，可以在web.xml中通过配置OpenSessionInView过滤器来解决代理对象在Session关闭后导致延迟加载无法取出数据的问题

<filter>
    		<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
    		<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
    	</filter>
    	<filter-mapping>
    		<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
    		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    	</filter-mapping>

新建项目myspring3\_ssh2 项目结构如下：

![Center 6][]![Center 7][]  
具体实现代码如下：有兴趣的可以上我GitHub上下载[https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh2][https_github.com_LX1993728_ssh2]

Book

package ssh2.test.vo;
    
    public class Book {
    	private Integer id;
    	private String name;
    	private Double price;
    
    	public Integer getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    
    	public void setId(Integer id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public Double getPrice() {
    		return price;
    	}
    
    	public void setPrice(Double price) {
    		this.price = price;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
    	}
    
    }

Book.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
    <hibernate-mapping>
    	<class name="ssh2.test.vo.Book" table="book">
    		<id name="id" column="id">
    			<generator class="native" />
    		</id>
    		<property name="name" />
    		<property name="price" />
    	</class>
    	
    	<query name="findByName">
    	 from Book where name = ?
    	</query>
    </hibernate-mapping>

BookDao

package ssh2.test.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
    import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
    
    import ssh2.test.vo.Book;
    
    public class BookDao extends HibernateDaoSupport {
    	public void save(Book book) {
    		System.out.println("DAO层保存图书");
    		this.getHibernateTemplate().save(book);
    	}
    
    	public void update(Book book) {
    		this.getHibernateTemplate().update(book);
    	}
    
    	public void delete(Book book) {
    		this.getHibernateTemplate().delete(book);
    	}
    
    	public Book findById(Integer id) {
    		return this.getHibernateTemplate().get(Book.class, id);
    	}
    
    	public List<Book> findAll() {
    		return this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from Book");
    	}
    
    	public List<Book> findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria) {
    		return this.getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(criteria);
    	}
    
    	public List<Book> findByName(String name) {
    		return this.getHibernateTemplate().findByNamedQuery("findByName", name);
    	}
    
    	public Book findByIdLazy(Integer id) {
    		return this.getHibernateTemplate().load(Book.class, id);
    	}
    
    }

BookService

package ssh2.test.service;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    import ssh2.test.dao.BookDao;
    import ssh2.test.vo.Book;
    
    @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = false)
    public class BookService {
    	private BookDao bookDao;
    
    	public void setBookDao(BookDao bookDao) {
    		this.bookDao = bookDao;
    	}
    
    	public void add(Book book) {
    		System.out.println("Service层保存图书......");
    		bookDao.save(book);
    	}
    
    	public void update(Book book) {
    		bookDao.update(book);
    	}
    
    	public void delete(Book book) {
    		bookDao.delete(book);
    	}
    
    	public Book findById(Integer id) {
    		return bookDao.findById(id);
    	}
    
    	public List<Book> findAll() {
    		return bookDao.findAll();
    	}
    
    	public List<Book> findByCriteria(DetachedCriteria criteria) {
    		return bookDao.findByCriteria(criteria);
    	}
    
    	public List<Book> findByName(String name) {
    		return bookDao.findByName(name);
    	}
    
    	public Book findByIdLazy(Integer id) {
    		return bookDao.findByIdLazy(id);
    	}
    }

BookAction

package ssh2.test.action;
    
    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
    
    import ssh2.test.service.BookService;
    import ssh2.test.vo.Book;
    
    public class BookAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Book> {
    	private BookService bookService;
    
    	public void setBookService(BookService bookService) {
    		this.bookService = bookService;
    	}
    
    	// 模型驱动类
    	private Book book=new Book();
    
    	public Book getModel() {
    		return book;
    	}
    
    	// 请求处理的方法
    	public String add() {
    		System.out.println("web层的方法添加执行了......");
    		bookService.add(book);
    		return NONE;
    	}
    
    }

SSHTest

package ssh2.test.junitDemo;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
    import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
    import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
    import ssh2.test.service.BookService;
    import ssh2.test.vo.Book;
    
    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
    public class SSHTest {
    	@Autowired
    	@Qualifier("bookService")
    	private BookService bookService;
    
    	@Test
    	public void demo1() {
    		Book book = new Book();
    		book.setId(1);
    		book.setName("Java从入门到精通");
    		book.setPrice(98d);
    		bookService.update(book);
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void demo2() {
    		Book book = new Book();
    		book.setId(1);
    		bookService.delete(book);
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void demo3() {
    		Book book = bookService.findById(2);
    		System.out.println(book);
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void demo4() {
    		List<Book> books = bookService.findAll();
    		for (Book book : books) {
    			System.out.println(book);
    		}
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void demo5() {
    		DetachedCriteria criteria = DetachedCriteria.forClass(Book.class);
    		criteria.add(Restrictions.eq("name", "Struts2开发入门"));
    		List<Book> books = bookService.findByCriteria(criteria);
    		for (Book book : books) {
    			System.out.println(book);
    		}
    	}
    
    	@Test
    	public void demo6() {
    		List<Book> books = bookService.findByName("SSH整合2");
    		for (Book book : books) {
    			System.out.println(book);
    		}
    	}
    
    }

struts.xml

log4j.properties

jdbc.proeprties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///ssh2
    jdbc.user=root
    jdbc.password=root

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
    	
    	
    	
    	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
    	
    	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" />
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="sessionFactory"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    		
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    		
    		<property name="hibernateProperties">
    			<props>
    				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.autocommit">false</prop>
    				<prop key="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</prop>
    			</props>
    		</property>
    
    		
    		<property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
    			<list>
    				<value>classpath:ssh2/test/vo</value>
    			</list>
    		</property>
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="bookAction" class="ssh2.test.action.BookAction" scope="prototype">
    		<property name="bookService" ref="bookService" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="bookService" class="ssh2.test.service.BookService">
    		<property name="bookDao" ref="bookDao" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="bookDao" class="ssh2.test.dao.BookDao">
    		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="transactionManager"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
    </beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    
    	<filter>
    		<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
    		<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
    	</filter>
    	<filter-mapping>
    		<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
    		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    	</filter-mapping>
    
    	
    	<listener>
    		
    		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    	</listener>
    
    	
    	<context-param>
    		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    	</context-param>
    
    	
    	<filter>
    		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    	</filter>
    	<filter-mapping>
    		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    	</filter-mapping>
    
    	<welcome-file-list>
    		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    	</welcome-file-list>
    
    </web-app>

addBook.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags"  prefix="s"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>添加图书</h1>
    <s:form action="book_add" namespace="/" method="post" theme="simple">
    	图书名称:<s:textfield name="name"/><br/>
    	图书价格:<s:textfield name="price"/><br/>
    	<s:submit value="添加图书"/>
    </s:form>
    </body>
    </html>

部署项目后访问如下

![Center 8][]![Center 9][]![Center 10][]  
  
为了方便测试 多添加了几条数据 如下：

![Center 11][]  
依次测试demo1~demo6

![Center 12][]![Center 13][]![Center 14][]    ![Center 15][]![Center 16][]   ![Center 17][]

## 方式三:纯注解实现三大框架整合 ##

导入以上项目的全部jar包，还需要Struts2-convention-plugin.x.x.x.jar(用于Struts2的注解开发)

配置web.xml(配置spring的监听器以及配置文件所在的位置、配置Struts2的核心控制过滤器)

使用@Action、@Controller以及@Scope标注Action类，使用@Action以及@Result标注处理请求的方法。并在Action类中使用@Autowired和@Qualifier注入Service类。

使用@Service和@Transactional标注Service类，并使用@Autowired和@Qualifier注入Dao类。

使用@Repository标注DAO类，还需要声明注入HibernateTemplate模板。

使用@Entity和@Table标注持久化类，使用@Id和@GeneratedValue标注主键属性，使用@Column标注普通属性(注意注解要使用javax.persistence.\*包下的注解类 )

去除struts.xml和hibernate.cfg.xml 保留applicationContext.xml，添加jdbc.properties和log4j.properties.

配置applicationContext.xml

1.配置扫描指定包下的注解

<context:component-scan
    		base-package="ssh3.test.action,ssh3.test.dao,ssh3.test.service" />

2.配置连接池

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
    	
    	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" />
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    	</bean>

3.使用AnnotationSessionFactoryBean配置Hibernate属性与映射扫描

<bean id="sessionFactory"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
    		
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    		
    		<property name="hibernateProperties">
    			<props>
    				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.autocommit">false</prop>
    				<prop key="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</prop>
    			</props>
    		</property>
    
    		
    		<property name="packagesToScan">
    			<list>
    				<value>ssh3.test.vo</value>
    			</list>
    		</property>
    	</bean>

4.最后配置Hibernate模板与事务管理

<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate">
    		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="transactionManager"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

新建项目myspring3\_ssh3

下载地址:[https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh3][https_github.com_LX1993728_ssh3]

具体代码如下所示：

![Center 18][]  
Book

package ssh3.test.vo;
    
    import javax.persistence.Column;
    import javax.persistence.Entity;
    import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
    import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
    import javax.persistence.Id;
    import javax.persistence.Table;
    
    @Entity
    @Table(name = "book")
    public class Book {
    	@Id
    	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    	private Integer id;
    
    	@Column(name = "name")
    	private String name;
    
    	// 注意: 实体类中的属性即使不使用注解，默认也会自动生成和属性名相同的字段
    	private Double price;
    
    	public Integer getId() {
    		return id;
    	}
    
    	public void setId(Integer id) {
    		this.id = id;
    	}
    
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    
    	public Double getPrice() {
    		return price;
    	}
    
    	public void setPrice(Double price) {
    		this.price = price;
    	}
    
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return "Book [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", price=" + price + "]";
    	}
    
    }

BookDao

package ssh3.test.dao;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
    import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate;
    import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
    
    import ssh3.test.vo.Book;
    
    @Repository("bookDao")
    public class BookDao {
    
    	@Autowired
    	@Qualifier("hibernateTemplate")
    	HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
    
    	public void save(Book book) {
    		System.out.println("DAO层保存图书");
    		hibernateTemplate.save(book);
    	}
    }

BookService

package ssh3.test.service;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Isolation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
    
    import ssh3.test.dao.BookDao;
    import ssh3.test.vo.Book;
    
    @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT, propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly = false)
    @Service("bookService")
    public class BookService {
    	@Autowired
    	@Qualifier("bookDao")
    	private BookDao bookDao;
    
    	public void add(Book book) {
    		System.out.println("Service层保存图书......");
    		bookDao.save(book);
    	}
    }

BookAction

package ssh3.test.action;
    
    import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;
    import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;
    import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
    
    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
    import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
    
    import ssh3.test.service.BookService;
    import ssh3.test.vo.Book;
    
    //<package namespace="/" extends="strtus-default">
    @Namespace("/")
    @ParentPackage("struts-default")
    @Controller("bookAction")
    @Scope("prototype")
    public class BookAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Book> {
    	// 模型驱动类
    	private Book book = new Book();
    
    	public Book getModel() {
    		return book;
    	}
    
    	// 在Action中注入Service
    	@Autowired
    	@Qualifier("bookService")
    	private BookService bookService;
    
    	// 请求处理的方法
    	@Action(value = "book_add")
    	public String add() {
    		System.out.println("web层的方法添加执行了......");
    		bookService.add(book);
    		return NONE;
    	}
    
    }

jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///ssh3
    jdbc.user=root
    jdbc.password=root

log4j.properties

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    
    	
    	
    	<context:component-scan
    		base-package="ssh3.test.action,ssh3.test.dao,ssh3.test.service" />
    
    	
    	
    	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
    	
    	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
    		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}" />
    		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="sessionFactory"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
    		
    		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    		
    		<property name="hibernateProperties">
    			<props>
    				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
    				<prop key="hibernate.autocommit">false</prop>
    				<prop key="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</prop>
    			</props>
    		</property>
    
    		
    		<property name="packagesToScan">
    			<list>
    				<value>ssh3.test.vo</value>
    			</list>
    		</property>
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate">
    		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<bean id="transactionManager"
    		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
    		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    	</bean>
    
    	
    	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
    </beans>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    
    	<filter>
    		<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
    		<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
    	</filter>
    	<filter-mapping>
    		<filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
    		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    	</filter-mapping>
    
    	
    	<listener>
    		
    		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    	</listener>
    
    	
    	<context-param>
    		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    	</context-param>
    
    	
    	<filter>
    		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    	</filter>
    	<filter-mapping>
    		<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    	</filter-mapping>
    
    	<welcome-file-list>
    		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    	</welcome-file-list>
    
    </web-app>

addBook.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
        pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags"  prefix="s"%>
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
    <html>
    <head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>Insert title here</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>添加图书</h1>
    <s:form action="book_add" namespace="/" method="post" theme="simple">
    	图书名称:<s:textfield name="name"/><br/>
    	图书价格:<s:textfield name="price"/><br/>
    	<s:submit value="添加图书"/>
    </s:form>
    </body>
    </html>

运行测试 成功

需要注意的是：使用注解的话 Spring的版本要在4.0以上 否则启动时就会有异常

[Center]: /images/20220616/c95d0e1997df42d58e3abfe119b1c315.png
[Center 1]: /images/20220616/0a674010cee7445f8ff3d77254871479.png
[https_github.com_LX1993728_ssh1]: https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh1
[Center 2]: /images/20220616/7519e120aa68434eb73f208113a20c8c.png
[Center 3]: https://img-blog.csdn.net/20170502200726499?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvdTAxMzA4NzUxMw==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
[Center 4]: /images/20220616/080e6858cf324a86afe86dd53c397816.png
[Center 5]: /images/20220616/1cce5e2eb08e4a2ca9110046629cefa0.png
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[Center 7]: /images/20220616/61dc3ab1f5f54803884d31c1f9f5fb49.png
[https_github.com_LX1993728_ssh2]: https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh2
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[Center 17]: /images/20220616/ae26b1faba844966bc49b5448a70356e.png
[https_github.com_LX1993728_ssh3]: https://github.com/LX1993728/ssh3
[Center 18]: /images/20220616/f03ceb5d58bb46f88bdd927ce14bfcfa.png