Hadoop Hive与Hbase整合+thrift

迈不过友情╰ 2022-06-15 10:12 278阅读 0赞

## 1.  简介 ##

Hive是基于Hadoop的一个数据仓库工具，可以将结构化的数据文件映射为一张数据库表，并提供完整的sql查询功能，可以将sql语句转换为MapReduce任务进行运行。 其优点是学习成本低，可以通过类SQL语句快速实现简单的MapReduce统计，不必开发专门的MapReduce应用，十分适合数据仓库的统计分析。

Hive与HBase的整合功能的实现是利用两者本身对外的API接口互相进行通信，相互通信主要是依靠hive\_hbase-handler.jar工具类， 大致意思如图所示：

![0_13298754602281.gif][]

## 2.  **Hive项目介绍** ##

项目结构

![Center][]

Hive配置文件介绍  
•hive-site.xml      hive的配置文件  
•hive-env.sh        hive的运行环境文件  
•hive-default.xml.template  默认模板  
•hive-env.sh.template     hive-env.sh默认配置  
•hive-exec-log4j.properties.template   exec默认配置  
• hive-log4j.properties.template log默认配置  
hive\-site.xml  
< property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createData baseIfNotExist=true</value>  
  <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>  
</property>  
<property>  
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>  
    <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>  
  <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>  
</property>  
<property>  
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>  
    <value>root</value>  
   <description>username to use against metastore database</description>  
</property>  
<property>  
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>  
   <value>test</value>  
   <description>password to use against metastore database</description>  
</property>

hive\-env.sh  
•配置Hive的配置文件路径  
•export HIVE\_CONF\_DIR= your path  
•配置Hadoop的安装路径  
•HADOOP\_HOME=your hadoop home

我们按数据元的存储方式不同安装。

## 3.  **使用Derby数据库**安装 ##

**什么是Derby安装方式**

•Apache Derby是一个完全用java编写的数据库，所以可以跨平台，但需要在JVM中运行

•Derby是一个Open source的产品，基于Apache License 2.0分发

•即将元数据存储在Derby数据库中，也是Hive默认的安装方式

### 1 .Hadoop和Hbase都已经成功安装了 ###

Hadoop集群配置：http://blog.csdn.net/hguisu/article/details/723739

hbase安装配置：http://blog.csdn.net/hguisu/article/details/7244413

### **2. 下载hive** ###

hive目前最新的版本是0.12，我们先从[http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-0.12.0/][http_mirror.bit.edu.cn_apache_hive_hive-0.12.0] 上下载[hive-0.12.0.tar.gz][]，但是请注意，此版本基于是基于hadoop1.3和hbase0.94的（如果安装hadoop2.X ，我们需要修改相应的内容）

### 3. 安装： ###

tar zxvf hive-0.12.0.tar.gz

cd hive-0.12.0

### 4. 替换jar包，与hbase0.96和hadoop2.2版本一致。 ###

由于我们下载的hive是基于hadoop1.3和hbase0.94的，所以必须进行替换，因为我们的hbse0.96是基于hadoop2.2的，所以我们必须先解决hive的hadoop版本问题，目前我们从官网下载的hive都是用1.几的版本编译的，因此我们需要自己下载源码来用hadoop2.X的版本重新编译hive，这个过程也很简单，只需要如下步骤：

1. 先从 [http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hive/branches/branch-0.12][http_svn.apache.org_repos_asf_hive_branches_branch-0.12] 或者是[http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hive/trunk][http_svn.apache.org_repos_asf_hive_branches_branch-0.12]   我们下载到 /home/hadoop/branch-0.12下。

2.  [branch-0.12][http_svn.apache.org_repos_asf_hive_branches_branch-0.12]是使用ant编译，trunk下面是使用maven编译，如果未按照maven，需要从 [http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi][http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]  下载maven，或者使用yum install maven。然后解压出来并在PATH下把$maven\_home/bin加入或者使用链接（ln -s /usr/local/bin/mvn  $maven\_home/bin ）.然后就是使用mvn 命令。 运行mvn -v就能 知道maven是否配置成功

3.   配置好maven开始编译hive，我们cd到下载源码的 [branch-0.12][http_svn.apache.org_repos_asf_hive_branches_branch-0.12]  目录，然后运行 mvn clean package -DskipTests -Phadoop-2 开始编译

4.编译好后的新jar包是存放在各个模块下的target的，这些新jar包的名字都叫 hive-\*\*\*-0.13.0-SNAPSHOT.jar，\*\*\*为hive下的模块名， 我们需要运行命令将其拷贝到hive-0.12.0/lib下 。

find /home/hadoop/branch-0.12  -name "hive\*SNAPSHOT.jar"|xargs -i cp \{\} /home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib。拷贝过去后我们比照着删除原lib下对应的0.12版本的jar包。

5. 接着我们同步hbase的版本，先cd到hive0.12.0/lib下，将hive-0.12.0/lib下hbase-0.94开头的那两个jar包删掉，然后从/home/hadoop/ hbase-0.96.0-hadoop2 /lib下hbase开头的包都拷贝过来

find /home/hadoop/hbase-0.96.0-hadoop/lib -name "hbase\*.jar"|xargs -i cp \{\} ./

6. 基本的同步完成了，重点检查下zookeeper和protobuf的jar包是否和hbase保持一致，如果不一致，

拷贝protobuf.\*\*.jar和zookeeper-3.4.5.jar到hive/lib下。

7.如果用mysql当原数据库，

别忘了找一个mysql的jdbcjar包 mysql-connector-java-3.1.12-bin.jar也拷贝到hive-0.12.0/lib下

### 5. 配置hive ###

•进入hive-0.12/conf目录

•依据hive-env.sh.template，创建hive-env.sh文件

•cp  hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh

•修改hive-env.sh

•指定hive配置文件的路径

•export HIVE\_CONF\_DIR=/home/hadoop/hive-0.12/conf

•指定Hadoop路径

• HADOOP\_HOME=/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.2.0

`hive-site.xml`

<?xml version="1.0"?>
    <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
    <configuration>
    
    
    
    <property>
      <name>hive.exec.reducers.bytes.per.reducer</name>
      <value>1000000000</value>
      <description>size per reducer.The default is 1G, i.e if the input size is 10G, it will use 10 reducers.</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>hive.exec.reducers.max</name>
      <value>999</value>
      <description>max number of reducers will be used. If the one
            specified in the configuration parameter mapred.reduce.tasks is
            negative, hive will use this one as the max number of reducers when
            automatically determine number of reducers.</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name>
      <value>/hive/scratchdir</value>
      <description>Scratch space for Hive jobs</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
      <value>/tmp/${user.name}</value>
      <description>Local scratch space for Hive jobs</description>
    </property>
    <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
      <value>jdbc:derby:;databaseName=metastore_db;create=true</value>
      <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
      <value>org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver</value>
      <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactoryClass</name>
      <value>org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManagerFactory</value>
      <description>class implementing the jdo persistence</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.DetachAllOnCommit</name>
      <value>true</value>
      <description>detaches all objects from session so that they can be used after transaction is committed</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
      <value>APP</value>
      <description>username to use against metastore database</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
      <value>mine</value>
      <description>password to use against metastore database</description>
    </property>
    
    <property>
      <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
      <value>/hive/warehousedir</value>
      <description>location of default database for the warehouse</description>
    </property>
    
    
    <property>
     <name>hive.aux.jars.path</name>
      <value>
      file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hive-ant-0.13.0-SNAPSHOT.jar,
      file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/protobuf-java-2.4.1.jar,
      file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hbase-client-0.96.0-hadoop2.jar,
      file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hbase-common-0.96.0-hadoop2.jar,
      file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/zookeeper-3.4.5.jar,
      file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar
      </value>
    </property>

Hive使用Hadoop，这意味着你必须在PATH里面设置了hadoop路径，或者导出export HADOOP\_HOME=<hadoop-install-dir>也可以。

另外，你必须在创建Hive库表前，在HDFS上创建/tmp和/hive/warehousedir（也称为hive.metastore.warehouse.dir的），并且将它们的权限设置为chmod g+w。完成这个操作的命令如下：  
$ $HADOOP\_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -mkdir /tmp  
$ $HADOOP\_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -mkdir /hive/warehousedir  
$ $HADOOP\_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -chmod g+w /tmp  
$ $HADOOP\_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -chmod g+w/hive/warehousedir  
    我同样发现设置HIVE\_HOME是很重要的，但并非必须。  
$ export HIVE\_HOME=<hive-install-dir>  
    在Shell中使用Hive命令行(cli)模式：  
$ $HIVE\_HOME/bin/hive

### 5. 启动hive ###

**1）.单节点启动**

`#bin/hive -hiveconf hbase.master=master:490001`

**2） 集群启动：**

`#bin/hive -hiveconf hbase.zookeeper.quorum=node1,node2,node3`

`如何hive-site.xml文件中没有配置hive.aux.jars.path，则可以按照如下方式启动。`

`bin/hive --auxpath /usr/local/hive/lib/hive-hbase-handler-0.96.0.jar, /usr/local/hive/lib/hbase-0.96.jar, /usr/local/hive/lib/zookeeper-3.3.2.jar -hiveconf hbase.zookeeper.quorum=node1,node2,node3`

启动直接\#bin/hive 也可以。

### 6 测试hive ###

•建立测试表 pokes

hive> CREATE TABLE pokes (foo INT, bar STRING);  
OK  
Time taken: 1.842 seconds  
hive> show tables;                               
OK  
pokes  
Time taken: 0.182 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

•数据导入 pokes  
hive> LOAD DATA LOCAL INPATH './examples/files/kv1.txt' OVERWRITE INTO pokse

然后查看hadoop的文件：

bin/hadoop dfs -ls /hive/warehousedir

看到新增一个文件：

drwxr-xr-x   - hadoop supergroup     0  09:06 /hive/warehousedir/pokes

注：使用derby存储方式时，运行hive会在当前目录生成一个derby文件和一个metastore\_db目录。这种存储方式的弊端是在同一个目录下同时只能有一个hive客户端能使用数据库，否则报错。

# 4.  使用MYSQL数据库的方式安装 #

### 安装MySQL   • Ubuntu 采用apt-get安装   • sudo apt-get install mysql-server   • 建立数据库hive   • create database hivemeta   • 创建hive用户,并授权   • grant all on hive.\* to hive@'%'  identified by 'hive';     • flush privileges;    我们直接修改**hive-site.xml就可以啦。** ###

### **修改hive-site.xml**  <?xml version="1.0"?>   <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>   <configuration>         <property>     <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name>     <value>/hive/scratchdir</value>     <description>Scratch space for Hive jobs</description>   </property>         <property>     <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>     <value>/tmp/$\{user.name\}</value>     <description>Local scratch space for Hive jobs</description>   </property>   <property>     <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>     <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.214:3306/hiveMeta?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>     <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>   </property>         <property>     <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>     <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>     <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>   </property>         <property>     <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>     <value>hive</value>     <description>username to use against metastore database</description>   </property>         <property>     <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>     <value>hive</value>     <description>password to use against metastore database</description>   </property>         <property>     <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>     <value>/hive/warehousedir</value>     <description>location of default database for the warehouse</description>   </property>      <property>    <name>hive.aux.jars.path</name>     <value>     file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hive-ant-0.13.0-SNAPSHOT.jar,     file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/protobuf-java-2.4.1.jar,     file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hbase-client-0.96.0-hadoop2.jar,     file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hbase-common-0.96.0-hadoop2.jar,     file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/zookeeper-3.4.5.jar,     file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar     </value>   </property>       jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.214:3306/hiveMeta?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true  其中hiveMeta是mysql的数据库名。createDatabaseIfNotExist没有就自动创建       本地mysql启动hive ：       直接运行\#bin/hive 就可以。       远端mysql方式，启动hive：       服务器端（192.168.1.214上机master上）：            在服务器端启动一个 MetaStoreServer，客户端利用 Thrift 协议通过 MetaStoreServer 访问元数据库。     启动hive，这个又可以分为启动metastore和hiveserver，其中metastore用于和mysql之间的表结构创建或更新时通讯，hiveserver用于客户端连接，这这个都要启动，具体的启动命令：  启动metastore： **hive --service metastore  **   **-hiveconf hbase.zookeeper.quorum=node1,node2，node3 -hiveconf hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort=2222**   （远程mysql需要启动）       启动hiveservice： **hive --service hiveserver **   **-hiveconf hbase.zookeeper.quorum=**  **node1,** **node2，node3 **  **-hiveconf hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort=2222**  (启动服务，这样jdbc:hive就能连上，默认10000端口，后面的部分一定要带上，否则用eclipse连接不上的)   起来后我们在eclipse就可以使用jdbc:hive来连接了。如            Class. *forName* ( "org.apache.hadoop.hive.jdbc.HiveDriver" );          **Connection** conn = DriverManager.*getConnection*("jdbc:hive://server1:10000/hiveMeta","root","111111");          **return** conn;  其实使用上和普通的数据库已经很相似了，除了建表的语句有一些差别。       当然你也可以在hive-0.12.0/bin运行  hive   \-hiveconf hive.root.logger=DEBUG,console   **-hiveconf hbase.zookeeper.quorum=** server2,server3 ** -hiveconf hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort=2222**  **其中 hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort就是hbase-site.xml配置的zookeeper的端口号。**          客户端hive 的**hive-site.xml**配置文件：  `<?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <property> <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name> <value>/hive/warehousedir</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.local</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.uris</name> <value>thrift://192.168.1.214:9083</value> </property> </configuration>`  这一步，我们新加了配置  <property>       <name>hive.metastore.uris</name>       <value>thrift://192.168.1.214:9083</value>     </property>    这个就是使用thrift访问的端口配置。**thrift://192.168.1.214:9083**就是hive元数据访问路径。          进入hive客户端，运行show tables;       至此，可以在linux用各种shell来测试，也可以通过eclipse连接到hive来测试，和通过jdbc连接普通数据库一致       hive的服务端和客户端都可以放在同一台服务器上：     hive-site.xml  `<?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <property> <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name> <value>/hive/scratchdir</value> <description>Scratch space for Hive jobs</description> </property> <property> <name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name> <value>/tmp/${user.name}</value> <description>Local scratch space for Hive jobs</description> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.214:3306/hiveMeta?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value> <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>hive</value> <description>username to use against metastore database</description> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>hive</value> <description>password to use against metastore database</description> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name> <value>/hive/warehousedir</value> <description>location of default database for the warehouse</description> </property> <property> <name>hive.aux.jars.path</name> <value> file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hive-ant-0.13.0-SNAPSHOT.jar, file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/protobuf-java-2.4.1.jar, file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hbase-client-0.96.0-hadoop2.jar, file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/hbase-common-0.96.0-hadoop2.jar, file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/zookeeper-3.4.5.jar, file:///home/hadoop/hive-0.12.0/lib/guava-11.0.2.jar </value> <property> <name>hive.metastore.uris</name> <value>thrift://192.168.1.214:9083</value> </property> </property>`                  4.  与Hbase整合  之前我们测试创建表的都是创建本地表,非hbase对应表。现在我们整合回到hbase。 ###

### 1.创建hbase识别的数据库： ###

CREATE TABLE hbase_table_1(key int, value string)
    STORED BY 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.hbase.HBaseStorageHandler'
    WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ("hbase.columns.mapping" = ":key,cf1:val")
    TBLPROPERTIES ("hbase.table.name" = "xyz");

hbase.table.name 定义在hbase的table名称

hbase.columns.mapping 定义在hbase的列族

在hbase 下也能看到，两边新增数据都能实时看到。

可以登录Hbase去查看数据了  
\#bin/hbase shell  
hbase(main):001:0> describe 'xyz'    
hbase(main):002:0> scan 'xyz'    
hbase(main):003:0> put 'xyz','100','cf1:val','www.360buy.com'  
  
这时在Hive中可以看到刚才在Hbase中插入的数据了。

### 2.使用sql导入数据 ###

如果要insert 与hbase整合的表，不能像本地表一样load，需要利用已有的表进行。如

insert overwrite  hbase\_table\_1 hivetest select \* from  pokes

**注意两个的类型要一致**，否则用insert overwrite table hivetest select \* from table\_hive; 导不进去数据

使用sql导入hbase\_table\_1:

hive> INSERT OVERWRITE TABLE hbase\_table\_1 SELECT \* FROM pokes WHERE foo=86;

###     ###

### 3 hive访问已经存在的hbase    ###

使用CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE:

CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE hbase_table_2(key int, value string)      
    STORED BY 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.hbase.HBaseStorageHandler'
    WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ("hbase.columns.mapping" = "cf1:val")
    TBLPROPERTIES("hbase.table.name" = "some_existing_table");

内容参考：http://wiki.apache.org/hadoop/Hive/HBaseIntegration

## 5.  问题 ##

bin/hive 执行show tables 报错：

Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStoreClient

如果是使用Derby数据库的安装方式，查看

<property>  
  <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>  
  <value>/hive/warehousedir</value>  
  <description>location of default database for the warehouse</description>  
</property>

配置是否正确，

或者  
  
<property>  
  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>  
  <value>jdbc:derby:;databaseName=metastore\_db;create=true</value>  
  <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description>  
</property>

是否有权限访问。

如果配置了mysql的Metastore方式,检查的权限：

bin/hive  -hiveconf hive.root.logger=DEBUG,console

然后show tables 就会看到ava.sql.SQLException: Access denied for user 'hive'@'××××8' (using password: YES) 之类从错误消息。

执行

CREATE TABLE hbase\_table\_1(key int, value string)    
STORED BY 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.hbase.HBaseStorageHandler'    
WITH SERDEPROPERTIES ("hbase.columns.mapping" = ":key,cf1:val")    
TBLPROPERTIES ("hbase.table.name" = "xyz");

报错：

FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask. MetaException(message:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.MasterNotRunningException: Retried 10 times

出现这个错误的原因是引入的hbase包和hive自带的hive包冲突，删除hive/lib下的 hbase-0.94.×××.jar， OK了。

同时也要移走hive-0.12\*\*.jar 包。

执行

hive>select uid from user limit 100;

java.io.IOException: Cannot initialize Cluster. Please check your configuration for mapreduce.framework.name and the correspond server addresses.

解决：修改$HIVE\_HOME/conf/hive-env.sh文件，加入

export HADOOP\_HOME=hadoop的安装目录

## 5.  通过thrift访问hive（使用php做客户端） ##

[**php连接hive执行sql查询**][php_hive_sql]

**使用php连接hive的条件：**

### 1. 下载thrift ###

wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//thrift/0.9.1/thrift-0.9.1.tar.gz

###  ###

### 2. 解压 ###

tar -xzf thrift-0.9.1.tar.gz

### 3 .编译安装： ###

如果是源码编译的，首先要使用./boostrap.sh创建文件./configure ，我们这下载的tar包，自带有configure文件了。(（可以查阅README文件）)

If you are building from the first time out of the source repository, you will  
need to generate the configure scripts.  (This is not necessary if you  
downloaded a tarball.)  From the top directory, do:  
./bootstrap.sh

./configure

1  需要安装thrift  安装步骤

\#  ./configure --without-ruby

不要使用ruby，

make ; make install

如果没有安装libevent libevent-devel的应该先安装这两个依赖库yum -y install libevent libevent-devel

其实Thrift就是使用来生成客户端和服务器端代码的。在这里没用到。

**安装好后启动hive thrift**

\# ./hive --service hiveserver >/dev/null 2>/dev/null &

**查看hiveserver默认端口是否打开10000   如果打开表示成功，在官网wiki有介绍文章：https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/HiveServer**

# Thrift Hive Server #

HiveServer is an optional service that allows a remote [client][] to submit requests to Hive, using a variety of programming languages, and retrieve results. HiveServer is built on Apache ThriftTM([http://thrift.apache.org/][http_thrift.apache.org]), therefore it is sometimes called the *Thrift server* although this can lead to confusion because a newer service named [HiveServer2][] is also built on Thrift.

Thrift's interface definition language (IDL) file for HiveServer is `hive_service.thrift`, which is installed in `$HIVE_HOME/service/if/`.

WARNING!

Icon

HiveServer cannot handle concurrent requests from more than one client. This is actually a limitation imposed by the Thrift interface that HiveServer exports, and can't be resolved by modifying the HiveServer code.  
[HiveServer2][HiveServer2 1] is a rewrite of HiveServer that addresses these problems, starting with Hive 0.11.0. See [HIVE-2935][].

Once Hive has been built using steps in [Getting Started][], the Thrift server can be started by running the following:

**0.8 and Later**

<table style="border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; line-height:20px!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; text-align:left!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:1336px; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:14px!important; min-height:inherit!important"> 
 <tbody style="border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important"> 
  <tr style="border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important"> 
   <td style="border:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; padding:0px 0px 0px 15px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:1321px; font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; font-size:14px!important; min-height:inherit!important"> 
    <div title="Hint: double-click to select code" style="border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:15px 0px 0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 0px 15px!important; position:relative!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:pre-wrap!important"> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">$ build</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">/dist/bin/hive</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">--service hiveserver --help</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">usage: hiveserver</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">-h,--help&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Print help information</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">--hiveconf &lt;property=value&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp; Use value&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; font-weight:bold!important; min-height:inherit!important; color:rgb(0,102,153)!important">for</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">given property</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">--maxWorkerThreads &lt;arg&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; maximum number of worker threads,</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">default:2147483647</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">--minWorkerThreads &lt;arg&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; minimum number of worker threads,</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">default:100</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">-p &lt;port&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hive Server port number, default:10000</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">-</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; color:rgb(255,20,147)!important">v</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">,--verbose&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Verbose mode</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="background-color:white!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px 1em 0px 0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important; white-space:nowrap!important"> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">$ bin</code> 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">/hive</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="font-family:Consolas,'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono','Courier New',Courier,monospace!important; border:0px!important; bottom:auto!important; float:none!important; height:auto!important; left:auto!important; margin:0px!important; outline:0px!important; overflow:visible!important; padding:0px!important; position:static!important; right:auto!important; top:auto!important; vertical-align:baseline!important; width:auto!important; min-height:inherit!important">--service hiveserver</code> 
     </div> 
    </div> </td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

**下载php客户端包：**

其实hive-0.12包中自带的php lib，经测试，该包报php语法错误。命名空间的名称竟然是空的。

我上传php客户端包：http://download.csdn.net/detail/hguisu/6913673（源下载http://download.csdn.net/detail/jiedushi/3409880）

php连接hive客户端代码

<?php
    // php连接hive thrift依赖包路径
    ini_set('display_errors', 1);
    error_reporting(E_ALL);
    $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'] = dirname(__FILE__). "/";
    // load the required files for connecting to Hive
    require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'] . 'packages/hive_service/ThriftHive.php';
    require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'] . 'transport/TSocket.php';
    require_once $GLOBALS['THRIFT_ROOT'] . 'protocol/TBinaryProtocol.php';
    // Set up the transport/protocol/client
    $transport = new TSocket('192.168.1.214', 10000);
    $protocol = new TBinaryProtocol($transport);
    
    //$protocol = new TBinaryProtocolAccelerated($transport);
    
    $client = new ThriftHiveClient($protocol);
    $transport->open();
    
    // run queries, metadata calls etc
    
    $client->execute('show tables');
    var_dump($client->fetchAll());
    $transport->close();
    
    ?>

打开浏览器浏览[http://localhost/Thrift/test.php][http_localhost_Thrift_test.php]就可以看到查询结果了

[0_13298754602281.gif]: /images/20220615/d3774b15f61a4619b60b46669ad3beec.png
[Center]: /images/20220615/a7e9dcaa521b408fade3dce21d69cd15.png
[http_mirror.bit.edu.cn_apache_hive_hive-0.12.0]: http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-0.12.0/
[hive-0.12.0.tar.gz]: http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hive/hive-0.12.0/hive-0.12.0.tar.gz
[http_svn.apache.org_repos_asf_hive_branches_branch-0.12]: http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hive/branches/branch-0.12
[http_maven.apache.org_download.cgi]: http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
[php_hive_sql]: http://blog.csdn.net/jiedushi/article/details/6579285
[client]: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/HiveClient
[http_thrift.apache.org]: http://thrift.apache.org/
[HiveServer2]: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Setting+Up+HiveServer2#SettingUpHiveServer2-HiveServer2
[HiveServer2 1]: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/HiveServer2+Clients
[HIVE-2935]: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HIVE-2935
[Getting Started]: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/GettingStarted
[http_localhost_Thrift_test.php]: http://localhost/test.php