ZYNQ-用PS控制DDR3内存读写

╰+哭是因爲堅強的太久メ 2022-06-15 08:48 609阅读 0赞

本编文章的目的主要用简明的方法对DDR3进行读写，当然这种方式每次读写都需要CPU干预，效率是比较低的，但是这是学习的过程吧。

本系列文章尽可能的让每一个实验都相对独立，过程尽可能保证完整性，保证实验的可重现性。 但是用到的模块或者IP的具体作用和用法不保证都重复详细的介绍。

本文所使用的开发板是兼容zedboard  
PC 开发环境版本：Vivado 2015.4 Xilinx SDK 2015.4

## 生成硬件系统 ##

### 新建vivado工程 ###

![这里写图片描述][20151225113609615]

### 选择Zedboard ###

![这里写图片描述][20151225113649325]

### 新建Block Design ###

![这里写图片描述][20151225113834696]

### 添加ZYNQ PS ###

![这里写图片描述][20151225114029959]

### 点击Run Block Automation,让vivado自动配置好zedboard相关的默认的信息，点击OK ###

![这里写图片描述][20151225114258212]

### 双击ZYNQ，在此可以去掉一些不用的外设 ###

![这里写图片描述][20151225115435213]  
![这里写图片描述][20151225115701882]  
![这里写图片描述][20151225115923219]

### 设置好的Block Design如图所示 ###

![这里写图片描述][20151225120015080]

### 在block design上右击，选择Create HDL Wapper ###

### 完成后，在block design上右击，选择Generate Output Prouducts,在弹出的对话框选择Generate ###

### 点击Generate Bitstream ###

### 完成后，选择File->Export->Export Hadfware,选中Include bitsteam ###

### File -> Launch SDK，把硬件架构导出到软件工程 ###

## 编写软件程序 ##

### 新建Hello工程 ###

![这里写图片描述][20151225121211945]

### DDR3的地址 ###

建好后，在mem\_demo\_bsp->ps7->cortexa9\_0的路径下，打开xparameters\_ps.h这个头文件，这个头文件是cortexA9可以直接控制的外设地址的宏定义。在里面可以找到DDR的地址，可以看到如下代码：   
  
/\* Canonical definitions for DDR MEMORY \*/   
\#define XPAR\_DDR\_MEM\_BASEADDR 0x00000000U   
\#define XPAR\_DDR\_MEM\_HIGHADDR 0x3FFFFFFFU   
  
等会我们要使用这个地址，对DDR3进行读写操作

### 读写操作函数 ###

在mem\_demo\_bsp->ps7->cortexa9\_0的路径下，打开xil\_io.h这个头文件，这个头文件是cortexA9可以直接控制的内存映射或者映射到了地址空间的IO。在里面可以看到如下代码：   
  
//从某个地址读数据   
u8 Xil\_In8(INTPTR Addr);   
u16 Xil\_In16(INTPTR Addr);   
u32 Xil\_In32(INTPTR Addr);

//向某个地址写数据。   
void Xil\_Out8(INTPTR Addr, u8 Value);   
void Xil\_Out16(INTPTR Addr, u16 Value);   
void Xil\_Out32(INTPTR Addr, u32 Value);   
  
OK,有了这些就可以简单的对DDR进行续写操作了

### 代码实现 ###

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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#808080;background:none;">#include "xparameters.h"</code> 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#808080;background:none;">#include "xil_io.h"</code> 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">{ </code> 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">init_platform();</code> 
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       &nbsp; 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-weight:bold;min-height:auto;color:#808080;background:none;">int</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">i;</code> 
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      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;font-weight:bold;min-height:auto;color:#808080;background:none;">int</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">rev;</code> 
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     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">xil_printf(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;background:none;">"Hello World\n\r"</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">);</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);background:none;">for</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">(i=0; i&lt;32; i++)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">Xil_Out32(DDR_BASEARDDR+i*4,i);</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);background:none;">for</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">(i=0; i&lt;32; i++)</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">{ </code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">rev = Xil_In32(DDR_BASEARDDR+i*4);</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">xil_printf(</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:#0000FF;background:none;">"the address at&nbsp; %x data is : %x \n\r"</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">,DDR_BASEARDDR+i*4, rev);</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;">
       &nbsp; 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">cleanup_platform();</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;background:rgb(244,244,244) none;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</code> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;color:rgb(0,0,255);background:none;">return</code>&nbsp; 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">0;</code> 
     </div> 
     <div style="margin:0px;padding:0px 1em;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;min-height:auto;white-space:nowrap;"> 
      <code style="margin:0px;padding:0px;border:0px;float:none;height:auto;line-height:1.8em;vertical-align:baseline;width:auto;font-family:Consolas, 'Bitstream Vera Sans Mono', 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;min-height:auto;background:none;">}</code> 
     </div> 
    </div></td> 
  </tr> 
 </tbody> 
</table>

烧写测试

串口终端的结果如下：   
Hello World   
the address at 10000000 data is : 0   
the address at 10000004 data is : 1   
the address at 10000008 data is : 2   
the address at 1000000C data is : 3   
the address at 10000010 data is : 4   
the address at 10000014 data is : 5   
the address at 10000018 data is : 6   
the address at 1000001C data is : 7   
the address at 10000020 data is : 8   
the address at 10000024 data is : 9   
the address at 10000028 data is : A   
the address at 1000002C data is : B   
the address at 10000030 data is : C   
the address at 10000034 data is : D   
the address at 10000038 data is : E   
the address at 1000003C data is : F   
the address at 10000040 data is : 10   
the address at 10000044 data is : 11   
the address at 10000048 data is : 12   
the address at 1000004C data is : 13   
the address at 10000050 data is : 14   
the address at 10000054 data is : 15   
the address at 10000058 data is : 16   
the address at 1000005C data is : 17   
the address at 10000060 data is : 18   
the address at 10000064 data is : 19   
the address at 10000068 data is : 1A   
the address at 1000006C data is : 1B   
the address at 10000070 data is : 1C   
the address at 10000074 data is : 1D   
the address at 10000078 data is : 1E   
the address at 1000007C data is : 1F

[20151225113609615]: /images/20220615/2c79687624a14795b4a7cd74bc046694.png
[20151225113649325]: /images/20220615/4e1714ce0fc441de9bcb119ca5f85d7e.png
[20151225113834696]: /images/20220615/38b424557be24168b4f675c3d8488fa4.png
[20151225114029959]: /images/20220615/7c6bfb0cccf6428a923bce114a0cc8c1.png
[20151225114258212]: /images/20220615/972df457d76a4fc782383ef675fb9a1c.png
[20151225115435213]: /images/20220615/ebe50c930b804d359f12c8465727bf67.png
[20151225115701882]: /images/20220615/4a05a03ecfaf40468ffb18390870cdf3.png
[20151225115923219]: /images/20220615/4cec3c10557c4d6785d94df26c79a2c7.png
[20151225120015080]: /images/20220615/2921fa06ed3f431fbe62c582f35b1834.png
[20151225121211945]: /images/20220615/30b1a4fa45d9414587e1eb411f10b91d.png