基于nginx tomcat-redis-session-manager实现session共享

蔚落 2022-06-14 01:38 357阅读 0赞

## 一、前言 ##

> nginx 作为目前最流行的开源反向代理HTTP Server，用于实现资源缓存、web  
> server负载均衡等功能，由于其轻量级、高性能、高可靠等特点在互联网项目中有着非常普遍的应用，相关概念网上有丰富的介绍。分布式web  
> server集群部署后需要实现session共享，针对 tomcat 服务器的实现方案多种多样，比如 tomcat cluster  
> session 广播、nginx IP hash策略、nginx sticky module等方案，本文主要介绍了使用 redis  
> 服务器进行 session 统一存储管理的共享方案。

相关应用结构参照下图：

![SouthEast][]

## 二、环境配置 ##

系统：Centos7  
tomcat：apache-tomcat-7.0.78  
redis：redis-2.8.9

## 三、构建 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master ##

1、由于源码构建基于 gradle，请先配置 gradle 环境。  
2、从 github 获取 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 源码，地址如下：

https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager

3、找到源码中的 build.gradle 文件，由于作者使用了第三方仓库（sonatype），需要注册帐号，太麻烦，注释后直接使用maven中央仓库，同时注释签名相关脚本并增加依赖包的输出脚本 copyJars（dist目录），修改后的 build.gradle 文件如下：

apply plugin: 'java'
    apply plugin: 'maven'
    apply plugin: 'signing'
    
    group = 'com.orangefunction'
    version = '2.0.0'
    
    repositories {
      mavenCentral()
    }
    
    compileJava {
      sourceCompatibility = 1.7
      targetCompatibility = 1.7
    }
    
    dependencies {
      compile group: 'org.apache.tomcat', name: 'tomcat-catalina', version: '7.0.27'
      compile group: 'redis.clients', name: 'jedis', version: '2.5.2'
      compile group: 'org.apache.commons', name: 'commons-pool2', version: '2.2'
     //compile group: 'commons-codec', name: 'commons-codec', version: '1.9'
    
      testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.+'
      testCompile 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3'
      testCompile 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3'
      testCompile 'org.mockito:mockito-all:1.9.5'
      testCompile group: 'org.apache.tomcat', name: 'tomcat-coyote', version: '7.0.27'
    }
    
    task javadocJar(type: Jar, dependsOn: javadoc) {
      classifier = 'javadoc'
      from 'build/docs/javadoc'
    }
    
    task sourcesJar(type: Jar) {
      from sourceSets.main.allSource
      classifier = 'sources'
    }
    
    artifacts {
      archives jar
    
      archives javadocJar
      archives sourcesJar
    }
     //signing { // sign configurations.archives //}
    
    task copyJars(type: Copy) {
      from configurations.runtime
      into 'dist'  
    }
    
    uploadArchives {
      repositories {
        mavenDeployer {
          beforeDeployment { MavenDeployment deployment -> signing.signPom(deployment) }
    
         //repository(url: "https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/staging/deploy/maven2/") { 
         // authentication(userName: sonatypeUsername, password: sonatypePassword)
         //}
         //repository(url: "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots") { 
         // authentication(userName: sonatypeUsername, password: sonatypePassword)
         //}
    
          pom.project {
            name 'tomcat-redis-session-manager'
            packaging 'jar'
            description 'Tomcat Redis Session Manager is a Tomcat extension to store sessions in Redis'
            url 'https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager'
    
            issueManagement {
              url 'https://github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager/issues'
              system 'GitHub Issues'
            }
    
            scm {
              url 'https://github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager'
              connection 'scm:git:git://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager.git'
              developerConnection 'scm:git:git@github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager.git'
            }
    
            licenses {
              license {
                name 'MIT'
                url 'http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT'
                distribution 'repo'
              }
            }
    
            developers {
              developer {
                id 'jcoleman'
                name 'James Coleman'
                email 'jtc331@gmail.com'
                url 'https://github.com/jcoleman'
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }

4、执行gradle命令构建源码，编译输出tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 及依赖jar包

gradle build -x test  copyJars

文件列表如下：

![SouthEast 1][]

![SouthEast 2][]

## 四、tomcat 配置 ##

两台tomcat服务器分别在不同的虚拟机上，地址：

http://192.168.31.84:8080
    http://192.168.31.82:8080

## 五、编写测试页面 ##

在tomcat安装目录下webapps/ROOT/添加test.jsp文件，内容为：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" isELIgnored="false"%>
     SessionID:<%=session.getId()%><BR>
     SessionIP:<%=request.getServerName()%> <BR>
     SessionPort:<%=request.getServerPort()%>
     <% out.println("This is Tomcat Server 82（根据情况修改，以便区别） ！"); %>

## 六、tomcat session manager 配置 ##

1.添加commons-pool2-2.2、jedis-2.5.2、tomcat-redis-session-manager-master-2.0.0jar包到tomcat 安装目录的 lib 文件夹；  
2.修改两台tomcat的context.xml文件，使 tomcat-redis-session-manager-master 作为session管理器，同时指定redis地址和端口。

context.xml配置：

3.重启两台tomcat

## 七、nginx 配置 ##

1.修改nginx.conf文件，内容如下：

#user nobody;
    worker_processes  1;
    
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    http {
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        sendfile        on;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        upstream tomcat_nginx {
            server localhost:8080;
            server 192.168.31.82:8080;
        }
    
        server {
            listen       80;
            server_name  localhost;
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://tomcat_nginx;
                root   html;
                index  index.html index.htm;
            }
    
            error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
                root   html;
            }
        }
    }

2.重启nginx：

nginx -s reload

## 八、测试 ##

访问[http://192.168.31.84/test.jsp][http_192.168.31.84_test.jsp]，如下：

![SouthEast 3][]

nginx默认采用轮询的方式进行负载均衡，刷新页面：  
![SouthEast 4][]

> 参考 [http://www.cnblogs.com/lengfo/p/4260363.html][http_www.cnblogs.com_lengfo_p_4260363.html]

[SouthEast]: /images/20220614/d2b0a8cff0964df0a45d1899147bfe3f.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220614/07a80aea45e7479689e0123d0bd012a7.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220614/f4e89388bb654604aa265b2436979750.png
[http_192.168.31.84_test.jsp]: http://192.168.31.84/test.jsp
[SouthEast 3]: /images/20220614/c8873d5e1a18426c87687877e026c887.png
[SouthEast 4]: /images/20220614/09692d06a0794a55bb33bef132dcad12.png
[http_www.cnblogs.com_lengfo_p_4260363.html]: http://www.cnblogs.com/lengfo/p/4260363.html