nodejs环境快速搭建(centos,nvm)

ゝ一纸荒年。 2022-06-12 05:26 245阅读 0赞

node.js 环境搭建方式比较快的通常有两种：  
1.直接安装官方镜像，手动修改环境变量  
2.如果你需要随时切换node.js版本的话，可以使用nvm进行版本控制，

以centos为例：  
1.首先需要有git

yum install git

1.  有git 之后，直接从github上clone项目到本地  
    假设放~/git 目录

$ cd ~/git
    $ git clone https://github.com/creationix/nvm.git

完成后需要执行下载下来的nvm文件

source ~/git/nvm/nvm.sh

3.nvm可以查看nvm的常用命令

$ nvm
    Node Version Manager
    
    Note: <version> refers to any version-like string nvm understands. This includes:
      - full or partial version numbers, starting with an optional "v" (0.10, v0.1.2, v1)
      - default (built-in) aliases: node, stable, unstable, iojs, system
      - custom aliases you define with `nvm alias foo`
    
     Any options that produce colorized output should respect the `--no-colors` option.
    
    Usage:
      nvm --help Show this message
      nvm --version Print out the installed version of nvm
      nvm install [-s] <version>                Download and install a <version>, [-s] from source. Uses .nvmrc if available
        --reinstall-packages-from=<version> When installing, reinstall packages installed in <node|iojs|node version number>
        --lts When installing, only select from LTS (long-term support) versions
        --lts=<LTS name> When installing, only select from versions for a specific LTS line
        --skip-default-packages When installing, skip the default-packages file if it exists
        --latest-npm After installing, attempt to upgrade to the latest working npm on the given node version
      nvm uninstall <version>                   Uninstall a version
      nvm uninstall --lts Uninstall using automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.
      nvm uninstall --lts=<LTS name> Uninstall using automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.
      nvm use [--silent] <version> Modify PATH to use <version>. Uses .nvmrc if available
        --lts Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.
        --lts=<LTS name> Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.
      nvm exec [--silent] <version> [<command>] Run <command> on <version>. Uses .nvmrc if available
        --lts Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.
        --lts=<LTS name> Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.
      nvm run [--silent] <version> [<args>] Run `node` on <version> with <args> as arguments. Uses .nvmrc if available
        --lts Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.
        --lts=<LTS name> Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.
      nvm current                               Display currently activated version
      nvm ls                                    List installed versions
      nvm ls <version>                          List versions matching a given <version>
      nvm ls-remote                             List remote versions available for install
        --lts When listing, only show LTS (long-term support) versions
      nvm ls-remote <version>                   List remote versions available for install, matching a given <version>
        --lts When listing, only show LTS (long-term support) versions
        --lts=<LTS name> When listing, only show versions for a specific LTS line
      nvm version <version>                     Resolve the given description to a single local version
      nvm version-remote <version>              Resolve the given description to a single remote version
        --lts When listing, only select from LTS (long-term support) versions
        --lts=<LTS name> When listing, only select from versions for a specific LTS line
      nvm deactivate                            Undo effects of `nvm` on current shell
      nvm alias [<pattern>]                     Show all aliases beginning with <pattern>
      nvm alias <name> <version>                Set an alias named <name> pointing to <version>
      nvm unalias <name>                        Deletes the alias named <name>
      nvm install-latest-npm                    Attempt to upgrade to the latest working `npm` on the current node version
      nvm reinstall-packages <version>          Reinstall global `npm` packages contained in <version> to current version
      nvm unload                                Unload `nvm` from shell
      nvm which [<version>]                     Display path to installed node version. Uses .nvmrc if available
      nvm cache dir                             Display path to the cache directory for nvm
      nvm cache clear                           Empty cache directory for nvm
    
    Example:
      nvm install 8.0.0                     Install a specific version number
      nvm use 8.0                           Use the latest available 8.0.x release
      nvm run 6.10.3 app.js                 Run app.js using node 6.10.3
      nvm exec 4.8.3 node app.js            Run `node app.js` with the PATH pointing to node 4.8.3
      nvm alias default 8.1.0               Set default node version on a shell
      nvm alias default node                Always default to the latest available node version on a shell
    
    Note:
      to remove, delete, or uninstall nvm - just remove the `$NVM_DIR` folder (usually `~/.nvm`)

1.  安装任意版本的node

NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR=https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node nvm install 6

直接按y ,过掉

######################################################################## 100.0%
    Now using node v6.3.2

此时已经安装好node跟 npm ,可以检验一下版本  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast]

这里会出现一个问题，等你下次启动centos的时候，会发现node.js用不了，那是因为你没有输入到环境变量的启动上

5.你可以在在 ~/.bashrc, ~/.bash\_profile, ~/.profile, 或者 ~/.zshrc 文件添加以下命令:

# nvm
    export NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR=https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node
    source ~/git/nvm/nvm.sh

再输入

nvm ls

你可以看到版本的信息  
![这里写图片描述][SouthEast 1]

[SouthEast]: /images/20220612/0f4158d89ad243de8345c4537c8a22fb.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220612/aafa0e0c31c348cf9d98351a82da4db6.png