tar: Removing leading '/' from member names

柔光的暖阳◎ 2022-06-12 05:16 136阅读 0赞

去除文件名中前导的根目录“/”，tar 命令在压缩文件时，默认会取相对路径，不会取从根路径下来的绝对路径，所以，如果待压缩的源路径是绝对路径，便会报该错误

[zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$ tar -zcvf abc.tar.gz shellscript/*shellscript/for_ex1.sh
    shellscript/for_ex2.sh
    shellscript/for_ex3.sh
    shellscript/for_ex4.sh
    shellscript/for_ex5.sh
    shellscript/for_ex6.sh
    [zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$ tar -zcvf bcd.tar.gz /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/*
    tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex1.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex2.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex3.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex4.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex5.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex6.sh
    [zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$ 
    [zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$ ll
    total 16
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  491 Jul 16 17:03 abc.tar.gz
    -rwxrw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  319 Jul 16 15:44 backup.sh
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  516 Jul 16 17:04 bcd.tar.gz
    drwxrwxr-x. 2 zhangqi zhangqi 4096 Jul 16 15:00 shellscript
    [zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$

可以看到，第二次执行命令tar -zcvf bcd.tar.gz /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/\* 时报错，但是后面的文件是正常生成的。

如何解决这个报错呢，可以通过man tar 命令来查看，里面有一个参数大写的“P”

![SouthEast][]

P 后备注为absolute-names 绝对名称，可以理解为绝对路径

下面注释为 don’t strip leading ‘/’s from file names 不从文件名中剥离“**/**”

再对上面命令做修改

[zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$ tar -zcvfP cde.tar.gz /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/*
    tar: cde.tar.gz: Cannot stat: No such file or directory
    tar: Removing leading `/' from member names
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex1.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex2.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex3.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex4.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex5.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex6.sh
    tar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors
    [zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$ ll
    total 20
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  491 Jul 16 17:03 abc.tar.gz
    -rwxrw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  319 Jul 16 15:44 backup.sh
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  516 Jul 16 17:04 bcd.tar.gz
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  516 Jul 16 17:12 P
    drwxrwxr-x. 2 zhangqi zhangqi 4096 Jul 16 15:00 shellscript
    [zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$ tar -zcvPf cde.tar.gz /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/*
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex1.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex2.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex3.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex4.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex5.sh
    /home/zhangqi/Desktop/shellscript/for_ex6.sh
    [zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$ ll
    total 24
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  491 Jul 16 17:03 abc.tar.gz
    -rwxrw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  319 Jul 16 15:44 backup.sh
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  516 Jul 16 17:04 bcd.tar.gz
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  518 Jul 16 17:13 cde.tar.gz
    -rw-rw-r--. 1 zhangqi zhangqi  516 Jul 16 17:12 P
    drwxrwxr-x. 2 zhangqi zhangqi 4096 Jul 16 15:00 shellscript
    [zhangqi@bogon Desktop]$

通过示例可以看到，大写的P 不可以加到最后，需要加到f 前面，至于为何不可，尚未查到具体原因，有知道的小伙伴请不吝赐教，谢谢。

[SouthEast]: /images/20220612/47dba9e8a9624a299c222be4167e01db.png