ImportError: No module named cv2 in ubuntu 16.04 Anaconda2

柔光的暖阳◎ 2022-06-10 09:56 154阅读 0赞

The following shows the problem and what I have tried:

The method I have tried:1. confirmed numpy version;

1.  Confirm python version is 2.7
2.  check opencv version;

$ dpkg -l | grep libopencv

1.  Install opencv by $conda install -c menpo opencv=2.4.11

After step 4 above, cv2 could be imported appropriately but fail to import Caffe. The caffe installation was implemented before and it passed all the check. Like 'make all'; 'make runtest'; and 'make pycaffee'. Now it failed in 'make all' also 'make pycaffee'. So here it is error message:

$ python 
    Python 2.7.13 |Anaconda 4.3.0 (64-bit)| (default, Dec 20 2016, 23:09:15) 
    [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-1)] on linux2
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    Anaconda is brought to you by Continuum Analytics.
    Please check out: http://continuum.io/thanks and https://anaconda.org
    >>> import cv2
    >>> import caffe
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
      File "/home/cocadas/Program/caffe-master/python/caffe/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
        from .pycaffe import Net, SGDSolver, NesterovSolver, AdaGradSolver, RMSPropSolver, AdaDeltaSolver, AdamSolver, NCCL, Timer
      File "/home/cocadas/Program/caffe-master/python/caffe/pycaffe.py", line 13, in <module>
        from ._caffe import Net, SGDSolver, NesterovSolver, AdaGradSolver, \
    ImportError: No module named _caffe
    >>> exit()

The following is the conda list.

$ conda list
    # packages in environment at /home/cocadas/anaconda2:
    #
    _license                  1.1                      py27_1  
    alabaster                 0.7.9                    py27_0  
    anaconda                  4.3.0               np111py27_0  
    anaconda-client           1.6.0                    py27_0  
    anaconda-navigator        1.4.3                    py27_0  
    argcomplete               1.0.0                    py27_1  
    astroid                   1.4.9                    py27_0  
    astropy                   1.3                 np111py27_0  
    babel                     2.3.4                    py27_0  
    backports                 1.0                      py27_0  
    backports_abc             0.5                      py27_0  
    beautifulsoup4            4.5.3                    py27_0  
    bitarray                  0.8.1                    py27_0  
    blaze                     0.10.1                   py27_0  
    bokeh                     0.12.4                   py27_0  
    boto                      2.45.0                   py27_0  
    bottleneck                1.2.0               np111py27_0  
    bzip2                     1.0.6                         3  
    cairo                     1.14.8                        0  
    cdecimal                  2.3                      py27_2  
    cffi                      1.9.1                    py27_0  
    chardet                   2.3.0                    py27_0  
    chest                     0.2.3                    py27_0  
    click                     6.7                      py27_0  
    cloudpickle               0.2.2                    py27_0  
    clyent                    1.2.2                    py27_0  
    cmake                     3.6.3                         0  
    colorama                  0.3.7                    py27_0  
    conda                     4.3.14                   py27_0  
    conda-build               2.1.7                    py27_0  
    conda-env                 2.6.0                         0  
    conda-verify              2.0.0                    py27_0  
    configobj                 5.0.6                    py27_0  
    configparser              3.5.0                    py27_0  
    contextlib2               0.5.4                    py27_0  
    cryptography              1.7.1                    py27_0  
    curl                      7.52.1                        0  
    cycler                    0.10.0                   py27_0  
    cython                    0.25.2                   py27_0  
    cytoolz                   0.8.2                    py27_0  
    dask                      0.13.0                   py27_0  
    datashape                 0.5.4                    py27_0  
    dbus                      1.10.10                       0  
    decorator                 4.0.11                   py27_0  
    dill                      0.2.5                    py27_0  
    dlib                      19.4.0                    <pip>
    docutils                  0.13.1                   py27_0  
    entrypoints               0.2.2                    py27_0  
    enum34                    1.1.6                    py27_0  
    et_xmlfile                1.0.1                    py27_0  
    expat                     2.1.0                         0  
    fastcache                 1.0.2                    py27_1  
    filelock                  2.0.7                    py27_0  
    flask                     0.12                     py27_0  
    flask-cors                3.0.2                    py27_0  
    fontconfig                2.12.1                        2  
    freetype                  2.5.5                         2  
    funcsigs                  1.0.2                    py27_0  
    functools32               3.2.3.2                  py27_0  
    futures                   3.0.5                    py27_0  
    get_terminal_size         1.0.0                    py27_0  
    gevent                    1.2.1                    py27_0  
    glib                      2.50.2                        1  
    greenlet                  0.4.11                   py27_0  
    grin                      1.2.1                    py27_3  
    gst-plugins-base          1.8.0                         0  
    gstreamer                 1.8.0                         0  
    h5py                      2.6.0               np111py27_2  
    harfbuzz                  0.9.39                        2  
    hdf5                      1.8.17                        1  
    heapdict                  1.0.0                    py27_1  
    icu                       54.1                          0  
    idna                      2.2                      py27_0  
    imagesize                 0.7.1                    py27_0  
    ipaddress                 1.0.18                   py27_0  
    ipykernel                 4.5.2                    py27_0  
    ipython                   5.1.0                    py27_0  
    ipython_genutils          0.1.0                    py27_0  
    ipywidgets                5.2.2                    py27_1  
    isort                     4.2.5                    py27_0  
    itsdangerous              0.24                     py27_0  
    jbig                      2.1                           0  
    jdcal                     1.3                      py27_0  
    jedi                      0.9.0                    py27_1  
    jinja2                    2.9.4                    py27_0  
    jpeg                      9b                            0  
    jsonschema                2.5.1                    py27_0  
    jupyter                   1.0.0                    py27_3  
    jupyter_client            4.4.0                    py27_0  
    jupyter_console           5.0.0                    py27_0  
    jupyter_core              4.2.1                    py27_0  
    lazy-object-proxy         1.2.2                    py27_0  
    leveldb                   0.194                     <pip>
    libffi                    3.2.1                         1  
    libgcc                    4.8.5                         2  
    libgfortran               3.0.0                         1  
    libiconv                  1.14                          0  
    libpng                    1.6.27                        0  
    libsodium                 1.0.10                        0  
    libtiff                   4.0.6                         3  
    libxcb                    1.12                          1  
    libxml2                   2.9.4                         0  
    libxslt                   1.1.29                        0  
    llvmlite                  0.15.0                   py27_0  
    locket                    0.2.0                    py27_1  
    lxml                      3.7.2                    py27_0  
    markupsafe                0.23                     py27_2  
    matplotlib                2.0.0               np111py27_0  
    mistune                   0.7.3                    py27_0  
    mkl                       2017.0.1                      0  
    mkl-service               1.1.2                    py27_3  
    mpmath                    0.19                     py27_1  
    multipledispatch          0.4.9                    py27_0  
    nbconvert                 4.2.0                    py27_0  
    nbformat                  4.2.0                    py27_0  
    ncurses                   5.9                          10  
    networkx                  1.11                     py27_0  
    nltk                      3.2.2                    py27_0  
    nose                      1.3.7                    py27_1  
    notebook                  4.3.1                    py27_0  
    numba                     0.30.1              np111py27_0  
    numexpr                   2.6.1               np111py27_2  
    numpy                     1.11.3                   py27_0  
    numpydoc                  0.6.0                    py27_0  
    odo                       0.5.0                    py27_1  
    olefile                   0.44                      <pip>
    opencv                    2.4.11                 nppy27_0    menpo
    openpyxl                  2.4.1                    py27_0  
    openssl                   1.0.2k                        0  
    pandas                    0.19.2              np111py27_1  
    partd                     0.3.7                    py27_0  
    patchelf                  0.9                           0  
    path.py                   10.0                     py27_0  
    pathlib2                  2.2.0                    py27_0  
    patsy                     0.4.1                    py27_0  
    pcre                      8.39                          1  
    pep8                      1.7.0                    py27_0  
    pexpect                   4.2.1                    py27_0  
    pickleshare               0.7.4                    py27_0  
    pillow                    4.0.0                    py27_0  
    pip                       9.0.1                    py27_1  
    pixman                    0.34.0                        0  
    pkginfo                   1.4.1                    py27_0  
    ply                       3.9                      py27_0  
    prompt_toolkit            1.0.9                    py27_0  
    protobuf                  3.2.0                     <pip>
    psutil                    5.0.1                    py27_0  
    ptyprocess                0.5.1                    py27_0  
    py                        1.4.32                   py27_0  
    pyasn1                    0.1.9                    py27_0  
    pycairo                   1.10.0                   py27_0  
    pycosat                   0.6.1                    py27_1  
    pycparser                 2.17                     py27_0  
    pycrypto                  2.6.1                    py27_4  
    pycurl                    7.43.0                   py27_2  
    pyflakes                  1.5.0                    py27_0  
    pygments                  2.1.3                    py27_0  
    pylint                    1.6.4                    py27_1  
    pyopenssl                 16.2.0                   py27_0  
    pyparsing                 2.1.4                    py27_0  
    pyqt                      5.6.0                    py27_2  
    pytables                  3.3.0               np111py27_0  
    pytest                    3.0.5                    py27_0  
    python                    2.7.13                        0  
    python-dateutil           1.5                       <pip>
    python-dateutil           2.6.0                    py27_0  
    python-gflags             3.1.1                     <pip>
    pytz                      2016.10                  py27_0  
    pyyaml                    3.12                     py27_0  
    pyzmq                     16.0.2                   py27_0  
    qt                        5.6.2                         3  
    qtawesome                 0.4.3                    py27_0  
    qtconsole                 4.2.1                    py27_1  
    qtpy                      1.2.1                    py27_0  
    readline                  6.2                           2  
    redis                     3.2.0                         0  
    redis-py                  2.10.5                   py27_0  
    requests                  2.12.4                   py27_0  
    rope                      0.9.4                    py27_1  
    ruamel_yaml               0.11.14                  py27_1  
    scandir                   1.4                      py27_0  
    scikit-image              0.12.3              np111py27_1  
    scikit-learn              0.18.1              np111py27_1  
    scipy                     0.18.1              np111py27_1  
    seaborn                   0.7.1                    py27_0  
    setuptools                27.2.0                   py27_0  
    simplegeneric             0.8.1                    py27_1  
    singledispatch            3.4.0.3                  py27_0  
    sip                       4.18                     py27_0  
    six                       1.10.0                   py27_0  
    snowballstemmer           1.2.1                    py27_0  
    sockjs-tornado            1.0.3                    py27_0  
    sphinx                    1.5.1                    py27_0  
    spyder                    3.1.2                    py27_0  
    sqlalchemy                1.1.5                    py27_0  
    sqlite                    3.13.0                        0  
    ssl_match_hostname        3.4.0.2                  py27_1  
    statsmodels               0.6.1               np111py27_1  
    subprocess32              3.2.7                    py27_0  
    sympy                     1.0                      py27_0  
    terminado                 0.6                      py27_0  
    tk                        8.5.18                        0  
    toolz                     0.8.2                    py27_0  
    tornado                   4.4.2                    py27_0  
    traitlets                 4.3.1                    py27_0  
    unicodecsv                0.14.1                   py27_0  
    wcwidth                   0.1.7                    py27_0  
    werkzeug                  0.11.15                  py27_0  
    wheel                     0.29.0                   py27_0  
    widgetsnbextension        1.2.6                    py27_0  
    wrapt                     1.10.8                   py27_0  
    xgboost                   0.6a2                     <pip>
    xlrd                      1.0.0                    py27_0  
    xlsxwriter                0.9.6                    py27_0  
    xlwt                      1.2.0                    py27_0  
    xz                        5.2.2                         1  
    yaml                      0.1.6                         0  
    zeromq                    4.1.5                         0  
    zlib                      1.2.8                         3

Error message of compiling caffe after installing cv2 in conda.

$make clean
    $make all
    ...
    AR -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.a
    LD -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc5
    /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ltbb
    collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
    Makefile:574: recipe for target '.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc5' failed
    make: *** [.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc5] Error 1

Error message of making pycaffe

$ make pycaffe
    LD -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc5
    /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ltbb
    collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
    Makefile:574: recipe for target '.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc5' failed
    make: *** [.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc5] Error 1
    cocadas@cocadas-ThinkPad-W540:~/Program/caffe-master$

Since it is lack of ltbb, I install the package

$sudo apt-get install libtbb-dev

Then the problem of 'can't find -ltbb' goes away. But then it complains on the

.build_release/lib/libcaffe.so: undefined reference to `cv::imread(cv::String const&, int)'
    .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so: undefined reference to `cv::imencode(cv::String const&, cv::_InputArray const&, std::vector<unsigned char, std::allocator<unsigned char> >&, std::vector<int, std::allocator<int> > const&)'
    .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so: undefined reference to `cv::imdecode(cv::_InputArray const&, int)'

[python][] [ opencv][opencv] [ ubuntu][ubuntu] [ anaconda][anaconda]

[python]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python
[opencv]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/opencv
[ubuntu]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/ubuntu
[anaconda]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/anaconda