C#-WinForm-简单的音频播放器（基于WindowsMediaPlayer控件）（一）

一时失言乱红尘 2022-06-10 07:24 510阅读 0赞

**C\#-WinForm-简单的音频播放器（基于WindowsMediaPlayer控件）（****一）**

趁着暑假写写小项目，开学又不能安心敲代码了。整个程序的界面设计参考自《WinForm项目实战》，本篇文章中只是实现了音频播放器的基本功能，之后会继续完善其他功能。

![SouthEast][]

（初始界面）

![SouthEast 1][]

（播放界面）

## 一、WinForm项目的创建，并添加WMP控件 ##

创建完成后，先添加WMP（WindowsMediaPlayer）控件，打开工具箱，右键->选择项->COM组件->勾选WMP控件。

![SouthEast 2][]

添加完成后，可以在工具箱里找到WMP控件，然后将其加入窗口中。由于我们要自己编写对播放器的各种操作所以需要对控件进行修改，去掉自带的控制按钮。

选中WMP控件->右键->属性->常规->选择模式：None->播放选项：按比例拉伸->音量设置：最大；高级->启用控件（禁用）；完成设置，返回界面，整个WMP控件就仅显示视频了接下来就可以开始添加按钮，进度条，播放列表所需要的控件了。

![SouthEast 3][]

## 二、主界面设计 ##

> > > > <table style="width:600px;"> 
> > > >  <tbody> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <th style="text-align:center;">名称</th> 
> > > >    <th style="text-align:center;">类型</th> 
> > > >    <th>Name属性</th> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >  </tbody> 
> > > >  <tbody> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">播放按钮</td> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">Button</td> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">btnPlay</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>暂停按钮</td> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">Button</td> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">btnPause</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>停止按钮</td> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">Button</td> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">btnStop</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>上一曲按钮</td> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">Button</td> 
> > > >    <td style="text-align:center;">btnBack</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>下一曲按钮</td> 
> > > >    <td>Button</td> 
> > > >    <td>btnNext</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>播放列表</td> 
> > > >    <td>ListBox</td> 
> > > >    <td>lstSongList</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>进度条</td> 
> > > >    <td>TrackBar</td> 
> > > >    <td>tkbMove</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>音量条</td> 
> > > >    <td>TrackBar</td> 
> > > >    <td>tkbVol</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>歌曲名显示框</td> 
> > > >    <td>TextBox</td> 
> > > >    <td>txtSongName</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>播放时间显示框</td> 
> > > >    <td>TextBox</td> 
> > > >    <td>txtTime</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>状态栏</td> 
> > > >    <td>StatusStrip</td> 
> > > >    <td>stsInfo</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>菜单栏</td> 
> > > >    <td>MenuStrip</td> 
> > > >    <td>mianMenu</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>右键菜单</td> 
> > > >    <td>ContextMenuStrip</td> 
> > > >    <td>contextMenu</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>计时器</td> 
> > > >    <td>Timer</td> 
> > > >    <td>timerPlay</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>打开文件对话框</td> 
> > > >    <td>OpenFileDialog</td> 
> > > >    <td>odlgFile</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >   <tr> 
> > > >    <td>系统托盘</td> 
> > > >    <td>NotifyIcon</td> 
> > > >    <td>notifyIcon1</td> 
> > > >   </tr> 
> > > >  </tbody> 
> > > > </table>

![SouthEast 4][]

完成之后就可以进行编码了。

## 三、音频文件的打开（openFileDialog） ##

先贴代码

private void tsmiOpenFile_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        //文件对话框初始路径
        this.odlgFile.InitialDirectory = @"F:\音乐";
        //文件过滤条件
        this.odlgFile.Filter = "媒体文件|*.mp3;*.wav;*.wma;*.avi;*.mpg;*.asf;*.wmv";
        if(odlgFile.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)
        {
            //多个文件逐个加入播放列表中
            for(int i = 0; i < odlgFile.FileNames.Length; i++)
            {
                string filePath = odlgFile.FileNames[i];
                //判断播放列表中是否已经存在，否则跳过添加
                if (!IsExistInList(filePath))
                {
                    SongsInfo songsInfo = new SongsInfo(filePath);
                    lstSongList.Items.Add(songsInfo);
                }
                else
                    continue;
            }
        }
    }

同时导入多个音频文件至播放列表需要注意要讲openFileDialog的Multiselect设置为true。

## 四、歌曲信息类的创建（SongsInfo） ##

歌曲导入程序后，我们显然需获取并储存每首歌曲的各种信息，以便之后需要能够直接读取，所以在这里新一个SongsInfo类来存储歌曲的各种信息（歌曲名、路径、歌手等等）

SongsInfo类的代码如下：

using Shell32;
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
    
    namespace SimpleMediaPlayer
    {
        class SongsInfo
        {
            private string fileName;    //1
            private string filePath;
            private string filesize;    //2
            private string artist;      //13
            private string album;       //14
            private string year;        //15
            private string originName;  //21
            private string duration;     //27
            private string byteRate;    //28
    
            public string FileName { get => fileName; set => fileName = value; }
            public string FilePath { get => filePath; set => filePath = value; }
            public string Filesize { get => filesize; set => filesize = value; }
            public string Artist { get => artist; set => artist = value; }
            public string Album { get => album; set => album = value; }
            public string Year { get => year; set => year = value; }
            public string OriginName { get => originName; set => originName = value; }
            public string Duration { get => duration; set => duration = value; }
            public string ByteRate { get => byteRate; set => byteRate = value; }
    
            public SongsInfo(string fPath)
            {
                SetSongInfo(fPath);
            }
    
            public void SetSongInfo(string strPath)
            {
                try
                {
                    ShellClass sh = new ShellClass();
                    Folder dir = sh.NameSpace(Path.GetDirectoryName(strPath));
                    FolderItem item = dir.ParseName(Path.GetFileName(strPath));
    
                    fileName = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 0);
                    if (fileName == string.Empty)
                        fileName = "未知";
    
                    FilePath = strPath;
    
                    filesize = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 1);
                    if (filesize == string.Empty)
                        filesize = "未知";
    
                    artist = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 13);
                    if (artist == string.Empty)
                        artist = "未知";
    
                    album = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 14);
                    if (album == string.Empty)
                        album = "未知";
    
                    year = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 15);
                    if (year == string.Empty)
                        year = "未知";
    
                    OriginName = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 21);
                    if (OriginName == string.Empty)
                        OriginName = "未知";
    
                    duration = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 27);
                    if (duration == string.Empty)
                        duration = "未知";
    
                    byteRate = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, 28);
                    if (byteRate == string.Empty)
                        byteRate = "未知";
                    
                    //可自行将内容输出到控制台中查看情况
                    //for (int i = -1; i < 50; i++)
                    //{
                    //    string str = dir.GetDetailsOf(item, i);
                    //    Console.WriteLine(i + " && " + str);
                    //}
                }
                catch(Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(ex);
                }
            }
        }
    }

在这个类中我们使用ShellClass来获取文件属性（虽然我也试过其他方法，如读取MP3文件最后128字节中所存储的信息，尝试很久没能成功，ShellClass相对更简单直接）

①首先映入COM组件

打开解决方案资源管理器->引用->添加引用->COM->类型库->勾选Microsoft Shell Controls And Automation；

②设置Shell32的嵌入互操作类型为Fasle，否则会引起互操作类型异常

选中Shell32引用->属性->设置嵌入互操作类型(Embed Interop Type)为False;

想要得到其他文件信息，网上资料很多。

## 五、窗体的构造函数与Load事件 ##

using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Threading;
    using System.Threading.Tasks;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    
    namespace SimpleMediaPlayer
    {
        public partial class Form1 : Form
        {
            AxWMPLib.AxWindowsMediaPlayer testAWM = new AxWMPLib.AxWindowsMediaPlayer();
            SongsInfo currPlaySong = new SongsInfo(null);
    
            public Form1()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
                //委托WMP的播放状态改变事件
                testAWM.PlayStateChange += new AxWMPLib._WMPOCXEvents_PlayStateChangeEventHandler(AxWmp_PlayStateChange);
            }
    
            private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                this.odlgFile.Multiselect = true;
                //设置lstSongList（播放列表）的显示成员与值（listbox的数据绑定）
                lstSongList.DisplayMember = "fileName";
                lstSongList.ValueMember = "filePath";
                ReloadStatus();
            }
    
            private void ReloadStatus()
            {
                txtSongName.Text = "Windows Media Player";
                txtTime.Text = "00:00/00:00";
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "就绪";
                tkbVol.Value = tkbVol.Maximum / 2;
                lbVolumeVal.Text = "音量：";
                tkbMove.Value = 0;
                //默认选中第一首曲目
                if(lstSongList.Items.Count>0 && lstSongList.SelectedIndex== -1)
                {
                    lstSongList.SelectedIndex = 0;
                }
            }
        }

## 六、播放列表 ##

//遍历播放列表查重
    private bool IsExistInList(string path)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < lstSongList.Items.Count; i++)
        {
            if(path == ((SongsInfo)lstSongList.Items[i]).FilePath)
                return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    
    //ListBox鼠标双击事件
    private void lstSong_MouseDoubleClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    {
        int index = lstSongList.IndexFromPoint(e.Location);
        if (index != ListBox.NoMatches)
            Play(index);
    }

之后还需要完善更多的功能（查看详细信息，优化显示，查看歌曲信息，右键菜单等）

## 七、播放操作 ##

//播放
    private void btnPlay_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (lstSongList.SelectedIndex >= 0)
        {
            Play(lstSongList.SelectedIndex);
        }
        else
            MessageBox.Show("请选择要播放的曲目");
        }
    }
    
    //暂停        
    private void btnPause_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.pause();
    }
    
    //停止
    private void btnStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.stop();
    }
    
    //上一曲
    private void btnBack_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if(lstSongList.SelectedIndex == -1)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("请先添加曲目至目录");
        }
        else if(lstSongList.SelectedIndex > 0)
        {
            AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.stop();
            lstSongList.SelectedIndex -= 1;
            Play(lstSongList.SelectedIndex);
        }
        else
        {
            AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.stop();
            lstSongList.SelectedIndex = lstSongList.Items.Count - 1;
            Play(lstSongList.SelectedIndex);
        }
    }
    
    //下一曲
     private void btnNext_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if (lstSongList.SelectedIndex == -1)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("请先添加曲目至目录");
        }
        else if (lstSongList.SelectedIndex < lstSongList.Items.Count-1)
        {
            AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.stop();
            lstSongList.SelectedIndex += 1;
            Play(lstSongList.SelectedIndex);
        }
        else
        {
            AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.stop();
            lstSongList.SelectedIndex = 0;
            Play(lstSongList.SelectedIndex);
        }
    }
    
    private void Play(int index)
    {
        //除暂停重新播放以外，更改播放路径
        if (AxWmp.playState.ToString() != "wmppsPaused")      
        {
            currPlaySong = (SongsInfo)lstSongList.Items[index];
            AxWmp.URL = currPlaySong.FilePath;
            AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.play();
        }
        else
        {
             AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.play();
        }
    }

更友好的一点的显示需要将播放和暂停键整合，以及根据目前程序状态自动更新控制按钮的Enable属性，之后进行完善

## 八、计时器以及进度条、音量条控制 ##

private void timerPlay_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        string currPlayTime = null;
        currPlayTime = AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.currentPositionString;
        txtTime.Text = currPlayTime + "/" + currPlaySong.Duration.Remove(0, 3);
        tkbMove.Value = (int)AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.currentPosition;
    }
    
    //音量条值改变事件
    private void tkbVol_ValueChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        AxWmp.settings.volume = tkbVol.Value;
        lbVolumeVal.Text = tkbVol.Value.ToString() + "%";
    }
    
    //鼠标悬浮在音量条上则改变label显示音量值
    private void tkbVol_MouseHover(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        lbVolumeVal.Text = tkbVol.Value.ToString() + "%";
    }
    
    //鼠标离开音量条，恢复label显示
    private void tkbVol_MouseLeave(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        lbVolumeVal.Text = "音量：";
    }
    
    //进度条滑动事件
    private void tkbMove_Scroll(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        AxWmp.Ctlcontrols.currentPosition = (double)this.tkbMove.Value;
    }

暂时比较粗糙，能够实现基本功能，之后也要继续完善（音量条点击弹出，进度条的快进、快退等）

## 九、播放器状态改变事件 ##

private void AxWmp_PlayStateChange(object sender, AxWMPLib._WMPOCXEvents_PlayStateChangeEvent e)
    {
        //Console.WriteLine("状态改变");
        //Console.WriteLine(e.newState.ToString());
        switch (e.newState)
        {
            case 0:    // Stopped
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "未知状态";
                break;
            case 1:    // Stopped
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "停止";
                timerPlay.Stop();
                ReloadStatus();
                break;
            case 2:    // Paused
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "暂停";
                timerPlay.Stop();
                break;
            case 3:    // Playing
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "播放";
                timerPlay.Start();
                txtSongName.Text = currPlaySong.FileName;
                txtTime.Text = "00:00/" + currPlaySong.Duration.Remove(0, 3);
                tkbMove.Maximum = (int)AxWmp.currentMedia.duration;
                break;
            case 4:    // ScanForward
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "ScanForward";
                break;
                case 5:    // ScanReverse
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "ScanReverse";
                break;
            case 6:    // Buffering
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "正在缓冲";
                break;
            case 7:    // Waiting
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "Waiting";
                break;
            case 8:    // MediaEnded
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "MediaEnded";
                break;
            case 9:    // Transitioning
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "正在连接";
                break;
            case 10:   // Ready
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "准备就绪";
                break;
            case 11:   // Reconnecting
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "Reconnecting";
                break;
            case 12:   // Last
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = "Last";
                break;
            default:
                tsslCurrentPlayState.Text = ("Unknown State: " + e.newState.ToString());
                break;
        }
    }

在不同状态下所需要的操作，最好是放到case结构里去，因为执行到这部分时，播放器才算是正真的处于该状态下。这部分单独分块，留作之后对播放器的几种状态熟悉之后再来补充内容。

## 十、系统托盘 ##

//系统托盘双击事件
    private void notifyIcon1_DoubleClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        this.Visible = true;
        notifyIcon1.Visible = false;
        this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;
    }
    
    //窗口尺寸改变事件
    private void Form1_SizeChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if(this.WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized)
        {
            this.Visible = false;
            notifyIcon1.Visible = true;
        }
    }
    
    //右键菜单显示主界面单击事件        
    private void tsmiOpenForm_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        this.Visible = true;
        notifyIcon1.Visible = false;
        this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;
    }
    
    //右键菜单退出单击事件
    private void tsmiQuit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        this.Close();
    }
    
    //程序关闭后必须手动释放notif资源，否则会造成系统托盘图标堆积
    private void Form1_FormClosed(object sender, FormClosedEventArgs e)
    {
        notifyIcon1.Dispose();
    }

系统托盘的图标在notifyIcon空间的Icon属性里设置，并未ContextMenu添加项（显示主界面tsmiOpenForm、退出tsmiQuit），并通过notifyIcon的ContextMenuStrip属性绑定到notifyIcon控件上。系统托盘主要依赖以上几个事件就能够完成，但是右键菜单选项还不够完善，之后还需进行编写。

以上整个最基础的音频播放器就算是编写完成了，能够实现基本的功能，之后还会对播放器的循环、播放列表同步、音量条和进度条的显示进行优化。

# 最后 #

如果你对本篇文章感兴趣，你可以继续浏览以下两篇博客，以增强这个播放器的功能和外观。

[C\#-WinForm-简单的音频播放器（二）][C_-WinForm-]

[C\#简单音乐播放器（三）][C]

项目下载地址：[https://gitee.com/Rhine/Simple\_MediePlayer][https_gitee.com_Rhine_Simple_MediePlayer]

[SouthEast]: /images/20220610/9213d11048aa41c4b4cbf53514c1f87b.png
[SouthEast 1]: /images/20220610/aeb187d155514042b803e18c067eccd6.png
[SouthEast 2]: /images/20220610/57253b5227f843278f30ad0dd94fdc0f.png
[SouthEast 3]: /images/20220610/e1383a48aeb74106b081ef7963adebd9.png
[SouthEast 4]: /images/20220610/f8a8f013bb014a32bffa79e5ee46b56d.png
[C_-WinForm-]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34802416/article/details/77777739
[C]: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34802416/article/details/81294823
[https_gitee.com_Rhine_Simple_MediePlayer]: https://gitee.com/Rhine/Simple_MediePlayer